第9講期中復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)梳理知識(shí)梳理一．短語復(fù)習(xí)U1照顧拿起，舉起互相處于危險(xiǎn)中砍伐，減少太多由...制成相當(dāng)，非常一點(diǎn)也不U2遲到準(zhǔn)時(shí)不得不當(dāng)然關(guān)掉插隊(duì)缺席整理床鋪閑逛集中思考，考慮U3跳繩幾乎從不少數(shù)，幾個(gè)勞駕，請?jiān)徳谀沁厡儆诔錆M鍛煉U4怎么樣快餐增加，穿上太...而不能畢竟軟飲料（不含酒精）U5現(xiàn)在，立刻此刻從事別掛斷，等等捎口信留口信回盼望全世界匆忙例如并排，肩并肩開車把某人送到某處參加交通高峰期語法復(fù)習(xí)七下英語語法梳理Unit1animalfriends特殊疑問句含義以疑問詞開頭，對(duì)某一具體信息進(jìn)行提問的句子叫特殊疑問句。特殊疑問詞疑問代詞what（什么），which（哪個(gè)），who（誰），whom（誰），whose（誰的）疑問副詞where（哪里），when（何時(shí)），why（為什么），how（如何）疑問詞組（多久一次），（多長；多久），howmany（多少），howmuch（多少＜錢＞）（多久），howfar（多遠(yuǎn)），howold（多大）特殊疑問句語序如果疑問詞作主語或主語的定語，其語序是陳述語序。句型結(jié)構(gòu)為“疑問詞（＋主語）＋謂語動(dòng)詞＋其他成分？”。Whoissingingintheroom？Whichmanisyourfather？如果疑問詞作其他成分，特殊疑問詞后用疑問語序。其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為“疑問詞＋一般疑問句？”。Wheredoesheefrom?Whatdoyoulike?注意回答特殊疑問句時(shí)，不能用yes或no，要給出具體的內(nèi)容。Whattimedoyouusuallygotoschool?At7:00.形容詞的用法定義用來修飾名詞，表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征的詞，叫形容詞。在句中可作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語。用法作定語形容詞作定語修飾名詞時(shí)放在名詞前，修飾不定代詞時(shí)則要放。acleverboy;somethingimportant作表語形容詞也可以用在系動(dòng)詞（如be，look，sound等）后面作表語，修飾主語或說明主語的情況。Iamhappy.賓語補(bǔ)足語置于賓語之后說明賓語的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)。Pleasekeeptheroomclean.可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞含義可以計(jì)數(shù)的事物的名詞，有單復(fù)數(shù)形式。不可以計(jì)數(shù)的事物的名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。數(shù)量的表示a／an或基數(shù)詞＋可數(shù)名詞anapple,twoapplesa／an或基數(shù)詞＋表示量的名詞（有單、復(fù)數(shù)形式變化）＋of＋不可數(shù)名詞”apieceofbread,twocupsofwater數(shù)量的修飾可數(shù)名詞前可用等修飾。不可數(shù)名詞前可用等修飾提問數(shù)量提問可數(shù)名詞的量用提問不可數(shù)名詞的量用主謂搭配可數(shù)名詞做主語的時(shí)候謂語動(dòng)詞要與主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致。不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)形式?？蓴?shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則變化一般情況直接加sboys,sofas,apples以s，x，ch，sh結(jié)尾的單詞直接watches,boxes,classes以字母o結(jié)尾的單詞有生命的tomatoes,potatoes無生命的加szoos,photos,pianopianos以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的單詞把y變i，再加esstorystories,babybabies以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞把f或fewifewives,wolfwolves不規(guī)則變化1．需要單獨(dú)記憶man,woman,toothteeth,foot,goosegeese,mousechild2．單復(fù)數(shù)同形。ChineseChinese，Japanese，deerdeer，fishfish，sheepsheep，．3．由man和woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，每個(gè)名詞都要變復(fù)數(shù)。amandoctormendoctors,awomanteacherwomenteachers七下英語語法梳理Unit2NoRules，NoOrder．祈使句含義一般以動(dòng)詞原形開頭，表示請求、命令、勸說、警告等。在祈使句中，通常省略句子主語第二人稱you。句型1．Do型肯定：動(dòng)詞原型＋其他Openthewindow，please.Standup！否定：Don’t＋＋其他Don’teatinclassroom！2．Be型肯定：Be＋其他Bequiet！Becareful！否定：Don’t＋be＋其他Don’tbelate！Don’tbenoisy！3．Let型肯定：LetsbsthLet’splayagame.否定：Don’tletsbdosth.／LetsbnotdosthDon’tlethimgo.Lethimnotgo.4．No型表示禁止，No＋Nophotos.No＋形式Notalking.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can／must／haveto含義情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，或表示主觀設(shè)想。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語動(dòng)詞，必須和動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。can的用法與句型結(jié)構(gòu)1．表示有能力做某事，意為“”。IcanspeakEnglish．2．表示允許，意為“”。CanIuseyourputer？3．表示推測，意為“”，常用語否定句、疑問句中。Hecan’tbeonlyfive．肯定句主語＋can＋動(dòng)詞原形＋其他.Icanplaybasketball..否定句否定句：主語＋can＇t＋動(dòng)詞原形＋其他．Ican’tplaybasketba11．一般疑問句一般疑問句：Can＋主語＋動(dòng)詞原形＋其他？Canshedance？肯定回答：Yes，主語＋can.否定回答：No，主語＋can’t.特殊疑問句特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞＋can＋主語＋動(dòng)詞原形＋其他？Whocanplaytheviolin?must的用法1．表示主觀義務(wù)，意思是“。Imustdomyhomework．2．表示肯定的猜測，常用于肯定句，意為“，必然”。Youmustbeverytired．3．must用于否定句時(shí)，mustn’t意為“”，而不表示“不必”。Youmustn'tbelateforschool.以must開頭的一般疑問句，若作否定回答，可以用或MustIfinishallmyhomeworktoday？No，youneedn’t／don’thaveto.haveto的用法1．haveto表示客觀要求，意為“必須做··；不得不··”，后接。Wehavenofoodhome,youhavetogoandgetsome,Tom.haveto比較特殊，它有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其第三人稱單數(shù)形式為。Shehastohelphermommakedinner.3．含有haveto，hasto的句子需分別借助動(dòng)詞do，does構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句。Dotheyhavetogonow？haveto：必須；不得不；表示客觀上的需要，有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化；否定形式為don’t／doesn’thaveto表示“不必”。Wehavetogettherebeforefiveo'clock.must和Havetomust：必須一定；表示說話人的主觀看法；否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止”。haveto,客觀因素，不得不.七下英語語法梳理Unit3KeepFit．物主代詞定義物主代詞是表示所有關(guān)系的代詞，可分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞，它有人稱和數(shù)的不同。構(gòu)成數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱第一第二第三第一第二第三形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞含義我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他們的用法形容詞性物主代詞具有形容詞的特性，在句中作定語，后面接。Thisismybook.Themanisherfather.名詞性物主代詞在句中獨(dú)立使用，相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞＋名詞”，其后不能再接名詞。Thisismywatch.Yoursisonthesofa.名詞性物主代詞在句中可作主語表語或賓語。用作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)隨所指對(duì)象的數(shù)而定。Whosebooksarethese？Theyarehis.Yoursareinthedesk.頻度副詞含義表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)出現(xiàn)的頻率的副詞叫做頻率或頻度副詞。常見頻度副詞（總是100％）＞通常60％）＞（常常60％）＞（有時(shí)30％）＞（幾乎不5％）＞從不0％）頻度副詞的位置頻度副詞放于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞Wenevereatjunkfood.頻度副詞在be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Lucyisoftenfriendlywithothers.Hecanalwayswinthegames.頻度副詞有時(shí)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)可放于句首SometimesTomgoestoschoolbybike.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)注意頻率副詞并不影響動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)的變化。如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用形式.Sheoftengoesshopping.具體次數(shù)的表達(dá)一次：once；兩次：twice；大于等于三次：基數(shù)詞＋times次數(shù)頻率：次數(shù)＋a＋day／week／month；every＋day／week／yearonceaday一天一次；twiceayear一年兩次；threetimesamonth一個(gè)月三次提問句型當(dāng)對(duì)頻度副詞及表示事件發(fā)生頻率的短語提問時(shí)，常用，意為“多久一次”。HowoftendoyouwatchTV？Twiceaweek.七下英語語法梳理Unit4EatWell．選擇疑問句定義選擇疑問句是指說話人提出兩種或兩種以上情況，問對(duì)方選擇哪一種，兩個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)用or連接的疑問句。句型結(jié)構(gòu)1．一般疑問句＋or＋被選擇的情況？Areyouadoctororateacher？2．特殊疑問句，AorB？Whichdoyoulikebest，English，ChineseorMath？3．ornot構(gòu)成的選擇疑問句？Doyouwanttogoshoppingornot？回答選擇疑問句不能用“Yes”或“No”來回答?；卮疬x擇疑問句時(shí)，一般在所提供的備選對(duì)象范圍內(nèi)選擇，有時(shí)也要視具體情況作靈活處理。Doyouwantanappleorapear?Anapple,please.有時(shí)可用不定代詞all，both，either，neither，none作簡略回答。all：Whichdoyoulikebest,English,ChineseorMath?Ilikethemall.none：Doyoulikeapples,oranges,orbananas?None.both：Wouldyouliketheredortheblueshirt?I'11takeboth.either：Wouldyoulikecoffeeortea?EitherisOK.neither：Wouldyouliketeaorjuice?Neither,Ijustwantacupofwater.讀法朗讀一般疑問句時(shí)我們用升調(diào)（7），但是在朗讀選擇疑問句時(shí)，通常是在前一個(gè)（兩個(gè)）選擇項(xiàng)的用升調(diào)，最后一個(gè)用降調(diào)。Wouldyoulikeapples,bananas/,ororanges?wouldlike的用法含義wouldlike意為“想要”，語氣較為委婉客氣，可以用于各種人稱，不受人稱和數(shù)的變化的影響。Iwouldlike=I'dlike基本句型wouldlikesth.想要某物L(fēng)ilywouldlikeacupofcoffee.wouldlike.想要／愿意做某事Iwouldliketowatchamovie.wouldlikesb.todosth.想要某人做某事I’dlikeyoutojoinus疑問句及其回答Wouldyoulikea／an／some...？你想要...···嗎？肯定回答：Yes，please.否定回答：No，thanks.Wouldyouliketodo...？你想／愿意做......嗎？肯定回答：Yes／Sure，I＇dlike／loveto.否定回答：Sorry／I＇dloveto，but...Wouldyouliketogotothemovieswithme?Yes,I'dloveto./I'dloveto,butI'mbusy.Whatwouldyoulike？你想要什么？I’dlike...Whatwouldyoulike?I'dlikesomeeggs.Whatwouldyouliketodo？你想做什么？I’dliketo...Whatwouldyouliketodo?I'dliketowatchamovie.七下英語語法梳理Unit5HereandNow．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）定義表示現(xiàn)在（說話時(shí)）正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞now（現(xiàn)在），atpresent（現(xiàn)在）today，（這時(shí)），look，listen，（此刻），it’s12：00．．．等動(dòng)詞形式be（am／isare）＋動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。be動(dòng)詞必須與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。即“我用am，你用are，is連著他／她／它（he／she／it），單數(shù)is，復(fù)數(shù)are”?，F(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成變化規(guī)則如下：一般情況直接加ingdodoing;helphelping以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加taketaking;havehaving以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有個(gè)輔音字母stopstopping;beginbeginning少數(shù)以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變ie為，再加ingdiedying;lielying句型結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句主語＋am／is／are＋Ving＋其它；IamwatchingTVnow.Sheiswashingthedishes.否定句主語＋am／is／are＋not＋Ving＋其它；IamnotwatchingTVnow.Sheisn'twashingthedishes.一般疑問句Is／Are＋主語＋Ving＋其它？肯定回答：Yes，sb.＋be否定回答：No，sb.+be+notAreyouwatchingTVnow?Yes,Iam./No,IamnotIsshewashingthedishes?Yes,sheis./Sheisnot.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞＋am／is／are＋主語＋Ving＋其它？Whatareyoudoingnow?Whoissingingasong?基本用法1．表示此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Whatareyoudoing？I＇mcooking2．表示現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，但說話時(shí)不一定在進(jìn)行。Heisworkinginabank．3．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always，often，forever等連用表示贊揚(yáng)、厭煩等語氣。Theboyisalwayslosinghisthings.（抱怨）She’salwayshelpingpeople.（贊揚(yáng)）4．表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示的事，表示計(jì)劃或安排好了的將來動(dòng)作。如go，e，leave，fly，start等。TheSpringFestivalisingsoon.Heisarrivingintwodays.不用進(jìn)行時(shí)情況1．某些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如：admit／decide／end／allow／permit；2．表示感官動(dòng)詞，如：hear／see／smell／taste／feel／sound；3．表示“看起來”“看上去”，如：appear／resemble／seem；4．表示認(rèn)識(shí)或理解的詞，如：understand／know／remember／believe；5．表示喜愛或不喜愛的詞，如：hate／like／love／prefer；注意：凡動(dòng)詞表示人的思想／感情／態(tài)度和愿望等一般不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)。隨堂小測隨堂小測I.單選1.—Oh,mypetcatisdanger.Canyousaveher?—OK.Relax,please.A.inB.outofC.with2.ManyforeignlikeBeijingOpera(京劇).Theywanttolearnit.A.manB.studentC.peopleD.woman3.Nancyisagirl.Shealwayssmilesatothersandeveryonelovesher.A.braveB.politeC.terribleD.healthy4.—Doyoulikeputergames?—No,Iplaythem.A.alwaysB.neverC.usuallyD.often5.—Daniel,trythisstrawberrycake.—Itdelicious.I'dliketohavesomemore.A.smellsB.feelsC.tastesD.looks6.—CouldIyourmobilephone,Lily?Iwanttocallmysister.—Sure.Hereyouare.A.borrowB.lendC.keep7.MyEnglishteacherencouragesmetoanEnglishcornerinmyfreetime.A.goB.goesC.togoD.going8.doyouplayvideogames?—Never.Idon'twanttowastetimeonthem.A.WhenB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.How9.Couldyoupleaseairconditionerwhenyougoout?A.turnonB.turnoffC.turndownD.turnup10.Pleasewaitamoment,Mr.Zhang.Ihavetotellyou.A.importantsomethingB.somethingimportantC.importantanythingD.anythingimportantII.完形填空I'madog.MynameisMike.MyownerisRick.Hecannot11..I'mhisguidedog(導(dǎo)盲犬).Rickworksattheradiostation.He12.aboutsportswithpeople.Heloveshis13.Rickisalsoamusician.Helovessingingandplayingthe14.Sometimesheeventeachesmetoplaytheguitar.ButIcannotdoit.Inever 15Rick.Igoeverywherewithhim.Somepeopleare16me.I'mbigandblack,_17theythinkI'mdangerous(危險(xiǎn)的).ButI'mnot.I'mveryfriendly.Sometimespeopledon'tletme18thebusorthesubway.Theydon'tletmegotothestores,19.Why?BecauseI'madog?I'mnothappyaboutit.It'smy20toletallpeopleknowaboutmyworkandbenicetome.11.A.seeB.speakC.draw12.A.showsB.findsC.talks13.A.homeB.jobC.family14.A.drumsB.pianoC.guitar15.A.leaveB.knowC.meet16.A.goodwithB.afraidofC.happywith17.A.butB.soC.or18.A.takeB.getC.drive19.A.tooB.alsoC.either20.A.dayB.dreamC.timeIII.看圖寫話1.everyday2.now3.like4.spend5.there6.taste7.not,here1.2.3.4.5.6.7.IV.情景句子1.你想知道Linda最喜歡的動(dòng)物，你會(huì)怎么問她？,Linda?2.Tom問你，你為什么不喜歡蛇？你會(huì)怎么回答3.你想知道Jack來自哪里，你會(huì)怎么問他？,Jack?4.我們不能在課堂上吃東西。5.Jane想知道這是誰的羽毛球拍，會(huì)怎么問？6.你想知道對(duì)方多久踢一次足球，會(huì)怎么問？你現(xiàn)在正在做什么？你想知道Lucy早餐通常吃什么，會(huì)怎么問？,Lucy?V.短文填詞（一）Pandasareoneofthecutestanimalsintheworld.Theyare1.symbolofChina.Pandasaregentleanimalsandtheyspendmostoftheirtime2.(eat)bambooandrestinginthecoolforests.Pandasarebigbears,buttheyarevery3.(friend).TheylivemainlyinthemountainsofcentralChina.Theyaregoodat4.(climb)treesandtheycanalsoswiminthewater.5.thegiantpandasfacemanyproblems.Theyarelosingtheirhomesbecauseoffarmingandbuildingbypeople.Also,babypandasare6.dangerfromleopards（豹子）andotherwildanimals.7.（save）pandas，peoplearedoingalot．Theymakenaturereserves（保護(hù)區(qū)）forpandastolivein.Chinaalso8.（have）strictlaws（法律）againsthuntingpandas.Many9.(zoo)aroundtheworldarealsohelpingbyraisingpandastohelptheirnumbergrow.Protecting（保護(hù)）thegiantpandas10.(be)veryimportant.Bysavingpandas,wearealsosavingabeautifulpartofourworld.(二)I'mnothappythesedays.Thereare1.lotofrulesinmyhouse.Ihavetogetupatsixo'clockeverymorning.Ican't2.(am)lateforschool.Ihavetogotoschoolontime.Ihavetoebackhomeafterschool3.Ihavetodomyhomeworkfirst.Myparentsarestrict4.meathome.Intheevening,Ican'twatchTVbecauseIhaveto5.(help)mymothermakedinneranddothedishes.Ihavetogotobedbeforeteno'clock.At6.(weekend),Ihavetostayathome.Ihavetocleanmyroomandwashmy7.(cloth)onSaturdaymorning.OnSaturdayafternoon,Ihavetopractise8.(play)thepiano.IthinkIcan'tfollow9.(this)rules.Doyouhavelotsofrulesat10.（you）home？Aretheyfair（公平的）？Pleaseemailme.Yourfriend,WangPeng(三)It'simportanttodevelophealthyhabitsinourdailylives.Thefollowingadvicecanhelpyoualot.1.(eat)healthily.Weshouldeatthreemealsbreakfast,lunchandsupper,especiallybreakfast.Breakfastis2.mostimportantmealinaday.Weshouldhavedifferent3.(kind)offoods,suchaseggs,rice,fish,fruitandvegetables.Theycangive4.(we)necessaryenergy,helpuslistencarefullyinclassandkeepus5.(health).Butrememberthattoomuchsugarisbad6.theteeth.Sweetfoodisdelicious,7.weshouldn'thavetoomuch.Exerciseregularly.Exercisecanimprovethemoodsandfeelings.Whenweareinabadmood,wecandoexercise.What's8.(much),it'sgoodforthebones.There9.(be)toomanykindsofexercisetodo,suchaswalking,10.(run),playingballgames,swimminganddancing.Wecanchooseourfavouritetopractiseregularly.Wewillnotonlyfeelmoreactivebutthinkbetterafterdoingexercise.(四)What'sthemostpopularsportintheUSA?Baseball?Soccer?Americanfootball?No,theanswerisbasketball.FormostAmericanpeople,basketballis1.(excite)andinteresting.BasketballwasinventedintheUSAbyaP.E.teacher2.(call)Dr.JamesNaismith.Heinventedthissportin1891.Atthattime,hewanted3.(invent)anewgamethathisstudentscouldplayindoors（在室內(nèi)）.Hewantedhisstudentstokeepon4.(exercise)duringwinter.Basketballisplayedbytwo5.(team)offiveplayers.Thegoalofthegameistoscorepointsby6.(throw)theballintothebasketoftheotherteam.Eachgamestartswithajumpball.Thereferee（裁判）throwstheballintotheairandoneplayerfromeachteam7.(jump)upandtriestohitittowardshisorherteam.Theplayershavetobounce（彈起）theballonthefloorastheymove（thisiscalleddribbling),ortheycanpassittoateammate.Nowbasketballisverypopularnot8.intheUSAbutalsoinsomeothercountries,forexample,China.More9.moreChinesepeoplelovetoplaybasketball,soyoucansee10.lotofpeopleplayingbasketballhereandthere.VI.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Almosteveryday,wetalkabouthealth.Butwhatishealth?Healthmeanseatingwell,gettingenoughexercise,andhavingarightweight.Let'sreadthefollowingways.12Manypeopleonlyeattheirfavoritefood.Rememberthatwecanonlygetwhatweneedbyeatingdifferentkindsoffood,especiallyfruitandvegetables.Drinkwatermoreoften.3Weshouldtrytodrinkmorewaterand