第05講Unit5Workingtheland【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】復(fù)習(xí)Unit5重點(diǎn)單詞、短語、句型二．復(fù)習(xí)Unit5語法（主語從句）三．寫作（我理想的工作）課內(nèi)知識(shí)回饋課內(nèi)知識(shí)回饋YuanLongping,knownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”,isoneofChina’smostfamousscientists.Yet,heconsider

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(him)afarmerbecausehecontinuallyworksthelandinhisresearch.Indeed,hisslim

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strongbodyisjustlikethatofmillionsofChinesefarmers,

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whomhehasdevotedhislife.YuanLongpingwasbornin1930inBeijing.Hisparentswantedhim

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(pursue)acareerinscienceormedicine.However,

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concernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaserious

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(short)offoodtoeat.Totacklethiscrisis,he

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(choose)tostudyagricultureandreceived

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educationatSouthwestAgriculturalCollegeinChongqing.After

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(graduate)in1953,heworkedasaresearcher.YuanLongpingrealizedthatlargerfieldswerenotthe

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(solve).Instead,farmersneededtoboostyieldsinthefieldstheyhad.Howthiscouldbedonewasa

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(challenge)questionatthetime.Yuan

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(convince)thattheanswercouldbefoundinthecreationofhybridrice.Ahybridisacrossbetweentwoormore

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(variety)ofaspecies.Onecharacteristicofhybridisthattheyusuallyattaina

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(high)yieldthanconventionalcrops.However,

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itwaspossibletodevelopahybridofselfpollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.Themon

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(assume)thenwasthatitcouldnotbedone.Throughintenseeffort,Yuan

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(overe)enormoustechnicaldifficultiestodevelopthefirsthybridricethatcouldbeusedforfarmingin1974.Thishybridenabledfarmers

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(expand)theiroutputgreatly.Today,

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isestimatedthatabout60percentofdomesticrice

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(consume)inChinaisprisedofcrops

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(generate)fromYuan’shybridstrains,andhisstrainshaveallowedChina’sfarmerstoproducearound200milliontonsofriceperyear,Yuan’s

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(innovate)hashelpedfeednotjustChina,

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manyothercountriesthatdependonriceaswell,suchasIndiaandVietnam.Becauseofhisinvaluable

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(contribute),YuanLongpinghasreceivednumerousawardsbothinChinaandabroad.

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(give)thatYuan’shybridshavemadehimquitewealthy,onemightthinkhewouldretiretoalifeofleisure.However,thisisfarfrom

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case.Deepdown,Yuanisstillverymuchafarmeratheart.Asamanofthesoil,hecareslittleforcelebrityormoney.Instead,hemakeslarge

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(donate)tosupportagriculturalresearch.

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impressespeoplemostaboutYuanLongpingishisongoingabilitytofulfilhisdreams.Longago,heenvisionedriceplantsastallassorghum,

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eachearofriceasbigasabroom,andeachgrainofriceashugeasapeanut.Hesucceeded

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producingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeopleathomeandabroad.Hislatestvisionfor“seawaterrice”hasalsobeea

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(real),andpotentiallyopenedupnearlyonemillionsquarekilometersofsaltylandinChinaforriceproduction.

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hisadvancedyears,YuanLongpingisstillyoungatheartandfullofvision,andeveryoneiswaitingtosee

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hewilldreamupnext.【答案】1.himself2.but3.to4.topurse5.what6.shortage7.chose8.an9.graduation10.solution11.challenging12.wasconvinced13.varieties14.higher15.whether16.assumption17.overcame18.toexpand19.it20.consumption21.generated22.innovation23.but24.contributions25.Given26.the27.donations28.What29.with30.in31.reality32.despite33.what根據(jù)課文改編填空YuanLongping,knownasthe“fatherofhybridrice"is1.________leadingfigureinthericegrowingworld.Hissunburntface,armsandslimbutstrongbodyarejustlikethoseofChinesefarmers,towhomhehasdevotedhislife.Bornin1930,YuanLongpinggraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953.2.________concernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoor3.________(harvest)andevenwouldsufferfromfoodshortage.4.________(convince)thathecanfindwaystoincreasethericeoutputwithout5________（expand)theareaoffields,Yuan6.________(overe)enormoustechnicaldifficultiestodevelopthefirsthybridrice.Today,itisestablishedthatabout60%ofdomesticriceconsumptioninChina7.________（generate)fromYuan'shybridstrains.Thanks8.________hisresearch,peoplehavemoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.Althoughhishybridshavemadehimwealthy,Yuancareslittleforcelebrityorwealth.Instead,hemakeslargedonationstosupport9.________(agriculture)research.WhatimpressespeoplemostisthatYuanhastheongoingabilitytofulfilhisdreams.Despitehisadvancedyears,Yuanisstillyoungatheartandfullof10.________(visible),andweareexpectingwhathewilldreamupnext.【答案】1.a2.What3.harvests4.Convinced5.expanding6.overcame7.isgenerated8.to9.agricultural10.visionIt'stimetoreconsiderfood.Aroundtheglobe,foodproblemsthreatenwildlife,wildplacesandtheplanetitself.Today,morethan7.5billionpeopleconsume1.6times1.________theEarth'snaturalresourcescansupply.By2050,theworld'spopulation2.________(reach)9billionandthedemandforfoodwilldouble.Sohowdoweproducemorefoodformorepeoplewithout3.________(expand)thelandandwateralreadyinuse?Wecan'tdoubletheamountofland.4.________（fortunate),wedon'thavetowejusthavetodoubletheamountoffoodavailablenowinstead.5.________short,wemustfreezethefootprintoffood.Inthenearterm,foodproductionisenoughtosupportall,butitdoesn'treacheveryonewhoneedsit.Foodthat6.________(waste)eachyearamountstoabout1.3billiontonsfourtimestheamount7.________（need)tofeedmorethan800millionpeoplewhoare8.________（hunger).Byimprovingefficiencyandproductivitywhilereducingwasteandshiftingconsumption9.________（pattern),wecanproduceenoughfoodforeveryoneby2050onroughly10.________sameamountoflandweusenow.【答案】1.what2.willhavereached/willreach3.expanding4.Fortunately5.In6.iswasted7.needed8.hungry9.patterns10.the詞匯短語過關(guān)斬將1．devotevt.把……獻(xiàn)(給)；把……專用于；專心于→devotionn．奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)；摯愛2．shortagen．不足；缺少；短缺→shortadj.短的；矮的；缺乏的；簡(jiǎn)略的3．convincevt.使相信；使確信；說服→convincingadj.有說服力的；使人信服的→convincedadj.確信的；堅(jiān)信的4．a(chǎn)ssumptionn．假定；設(shè)定；(責(zé)任的)承擔(dān)；(權(quán)力的)獲得→assumev．假定；設(shè)想→assumingconj.假定；假設(shè)5．expandvt.&vi.擴(kuò)大；增加vt.擴(kuò)展；發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))→expansionn．?dāng)U大；擴(kuò)張；擴(kuò)充6．consumptionn．消耗；消耗量；消費(fèi)→consumevt.消耗；消費(fèi)；吃；喝→consumern．消費(fèi)者；用戶；客戶7．saltyadj.含鹽的；咸的→saltn．鹽8．extensionn．?dāng)U建部分；擴(kuò)大；電話分機(jī)→extendvt.伸開；展開；延伸9．chemicaladj.與化學(xué)有關(guān)的；化學(xué)的n．化學(xué)制品；化學(xué)品→chemistryn．化學(xué)→chemicallyadv.化學(xué)上地→chemistn．化學(xué)家；藥劑師10．nutritionaladj.營(yíng)養(yǎng)(物)的→nutritiousadj.有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的；營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富的→nutritionn．營(yíng)養(yǎng)；滋養(yǎng)11．depthn．向下(或向里)的距離；深(度)→deepadj.深的→deeplyadv.深深地；強(qiáng)烈地→deepenvt.加深；(使)變深12．entirelyadv.全部地；完整地；完全地→entireadj.全部的；完全的二．重點(diǎn)短語1.devote...to把……用于；獻(xiàn)身；致力；專心2.beprisedof包括；包含；由……組成(或構(gòu)成)3.deepdown在內(nèi)心深處；本質(zhì)上；實(shí)際上4.beusedfor被用于……5.dependon依靠6.becauseof因?yàn)?；由?.farfrom遠(yuǎn)非；絕不是8.carefor在意；喜歡9.succeedindoingsth.成功地做某事10.dreamup憑空想出(不同尋常的計(jì)劃、主意)11.inuse在使用；被使用12.inturn相應(yīng)地；轉(zhuǎn)而；輪流；依次13.causedamageto對(duì)……造成損害14.berichin富含……；……含量高15.switchto轉(zhuǎn)向16.focuson關(guān)注；聚焦17.forinstance例如；比如18.prefertodo...更喜歡做……19.keep...fromdoing...阻止……做…基礎(chǔ)句法精益求精1．名詞性從句作主語和表語However，whatconcernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.然而，他最擔(dān)憂的是農(nóng)民們的收成不好，有時(shí)甚至口糧嚴(yán)重短缺。2．現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語Aftergraduatingin1953，heworkedasaresearcher.1953年大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后，他成了一名科研人員。3．過去分詞短語作后置定語Theyoftenchangethekindofcropgrownineachfieldeveryfewyears.他們每隔幾年就會(huì)把每塊地里種植的作物變換一下。4．現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語（表示一種自然而然的結(jié)果）Whydifferentcropsaregrownisbecausetheyputimportantmineralsbackintotheground，makingitreadyforthenextbatchofcrops.輪換種植的原因就是這些作物會(huì)把重要的礦物質(zhì)重新釋放回土壤中，為種植下一批莊稼作好準(zhǔn)備。5．that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句Whatkeepsthemfromdoingsoisthefactthatchemicalfarmingservesthehighdemandforfoodaroundtheworld.阻止他們這樣做的是這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，即化學(xué)耕作滿足了全世界對(duì)糧食的高需求基礎(chǔ)語法披荊斬棘主語從句一、主語從句的基本用法1．主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞[歸納用法]類別例詞說明從屬連詞that,whether兩者在從句中均不作成分，只起連接作用；that無實(shí)義，whether表示“是否”。連接代詞who,what,which,whoever,whatever等在從句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等成分。連接副詞when,where,how,why等在從句中作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語等成分。[即學(xué)即練1]——用whether,that,whoever填空①shebecameanartistmayhavebeenduetoherfather'sinfluence.②wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.③Everyyear,makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.【答案】1.That2.Whether3.whoever2．it作形式主語[歸納用法]為保持句子平衡，常把主語從句后置，而用形式主語it代替。it作形式主語時(shí)常用于以下句型：句型說明It＋系動(dòng)詞＋形容詞＋主語從句常用于此句型的形容詞有important,(un)likely，possible,necessary,natural,wrong等。It＋系動(dòng)詞＋名詞＋主語從句常用于此句型的名詞有fact，idea，honour，question，pity等。It＋系動(dòng)詞＋過去分詞＋主語從句常用于此句型的過去分詞，有known，proved，said，decided，suggested，thought等。It＋不及物動(dòng)詞＋主語從句常用于此句型的動(dòng)詞有appear，happen，seem，occur，matter等。[即學(xué)即練2]——完成句子①很可惜你不能來參加我的生日聚會(huì)。thatyoucan'tattendmybirthdayparty.②有人建議這位老人到鄉(xiāng)村休息一下。thattheoldmanshouldgotothecountrysidetohavearest.③在我看來你好像不贊成這個(gè)計(jì)劃。thatyoudisagreewiththeplan.【答案】1.It'sapity2.It'ssuggested3.Itseemstome二、主語從句中應(yīng)注意的問題1．從句要用陳述語序Howhesucceededisstillapuzzle.他是如何成功的仍然是個(gè)謎。2．主謂一致(1)從句作主語時(shí)，主句的謂語一般用單數(shù)形式。Wherehewillgetajobaftergraduationhaspuzzledhimmuch.畢業(yè)后到哪兒找一份工作使他很困惑。(2)如果由and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語從句時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。[即學(xué)即練3]——單句語法填空①Whenwewillsetoffis(be)stillunderdiscussion.②Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldhas(have)notbeendecided.【答案】1.is2.hasⅠ.單句語法填空1．Itisoftenthecaseanythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.2．Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.youcandohelps.3．LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon'tacceptit.4．weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.5．ExactlythepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.6．thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.7．Ithinkimpressesmeabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses.8．Somepeoplebelievehashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.9．makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.10．yousaidatthemeetingdescribesabrightfutureforthepany.【答案】1.that2.Whatever3.Where4.How5.when6.When7.what8.what9.What10.WhatⅡ.完成句子1．有人命令操場(chǎng)建設(shè)下周完成。Itisorderedthattheconstructionofthesportsground．2．現(xiàn)在她正在買的東西是一些雜志。aresomemagazines.3．很明顯剛剛有人來拜訪過他。Itisclear．4．這個(gè)地區(qū)的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)(dispute)何時(shí)結(jié)束讓很多人困惑。puzzlesmanypeople.5．她沒有出席婚禮宴會(huì)的原因是她頭痛。isthatshehadaheadache.【答案】1.shouldbepletednextweek2.Whatsheisbuyingnow3thatsomebodycametovisithimjustnow4.Whenthedisputeinthisareawillstop5.Whyshedidn'tattendtheweddingparty基礎(chǔ)寫作揚(yáng)帆起航一家英語報(bào)社向中學(xué)生征文，主題是“我理想的工作”，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列要求和你的想象完成短文。1)理想的工作是什么；2)選擇這份工作的原因；3)工作內(nèi)容。注意：1詞數(shù)100左右；2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3標(biāo)題已為你寫好。MyDreamJob__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Differentpeoplehavevariousdreams.Forme,Iprefertobeafarmer.However,itisnoteasytobeafarmerforIwillbelookeddownuponbyothers.Anyway,whatIamtryingtodoistomakegreatcontributionstoagriculture.Itiswellknownthatfarmingisthebasicofthecountry,anditisalsoagoodopportunityfortheyoung.Wecanapplywhatwehavelearnedinschooltofarmingandmakeabigprofitbygrowingvegetablesandfoodinascientificway.Ibelievethatanymanwithknowledgecandowhatevertheycansolongasthisjobcanmeethisorherinterest【過關(guān)檢測(cè)】單詞拼寫。A.Thescientist___________________(把......獻(xiàn)給)hislifetotheresearchofthehybrids.Thebosswasembarrassedtoadmitthattherewasa_______________(短缺)ofskilledlabour.Theeducatorsaidthattherewasmorethanonewayto_______________________(解決)theproblem.Intimesof______________________(危急關(guān)頭),youwillfindoutwhoyourreliablefriendsare.Thewinultimately________________(提高)theteam’sconfidence.Thetwinbrothers’researchhasonlyrecentlybegunto___________________(產(chǎn)生)importantresults.I’vebeentryingto__________________(說服)myparentstoapproveofmyplan.Gesturesare________________(典型的)ofhimwhenhespeaks.Thereisatendencythathewillbeableto____________________(實(shí)現(xiàn))thatgoal.Heperceivedthathispartnerwasastrongbelieverof____________________(傳統(tǒng)的)morals.Thebeesareoccupiedthemselvesin__________________(授粉)theflowers.Theystaredatthestrangers,makingalotof___________________(猜測(cè)).B.Tomtookan__________________(十分強(qiáng)烈的)interestininterpretingherlectures.Wemakeinferencesthatwecanandmust_______________(克服)ourshortings.Heleanedbackinhischairandwasashamedofhis_________________(增加的)waistline.The________________(產(chǎn)量)ofthehybridricehasincreasedgreatly.Wejustneedand______________________(估算)ofthenumberofeducatorswhowille.Bycontrast,thereismoresharingof____________________________(家庭的)choresnowadays.Itiswellknownthatintenseexerciseincreasesoxygen_________________________(消耗).Heleanedforwardtotellmethatthehouse_____________________(包括)twobedrooms,akitchenandalivingroom.Afterthelocalgovernmentintervened,theprogramwould_________________(產(chǎn)生)alotofnewjobs.The_________________(休閑)industryisnowanimportantponentofeconomy.AnumberofjournalistshavecalledonthoseTV_____________________(名人).Thewitnesscouldn’t______________________(想象)himdoingsuchaterriblething.Whenshesawthesorghumfieldheroldfatheronceworked,tearsblurredher________________(視線).Itisestimatedthatpaperlessofficemayonedaybeea______________________(現(xiàn)實(shí)).Hegaveanexplanationthathewenttothebeachtobreathe___________________(咸的)seaair.C.Itisalwaysessentialtochooseenjoyable,___________________(有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的)foods.Freshfoodisnotjustgoodfor_________________(營(yíng)養(yǎng)),butgoodforthemindaswell.Heperceivedthathecouldn’tpreventherpain,andonly_________________(緩解)it.“WhatIfearedmostformyselfatyouragewasnot_____________(貧窮),butfailure,”theeducatorsaid.Canyoudistinguishthe___________________(有機(jī)的)vegetablesfromtheregularones?Theyovercamethedifficultytomaketheplanreceive__________________(廣泛的)supportthroughoutthecountry.Humanscan’t________________(消化)plantssuchasgrass.Inotherwords,wecan’tfeedongrass.Itisabsolutely______________________(極其重要的)thatyouaren’tdistractedinclass.Thereare________________(可供替代的)sourcesofnutritiontoanimalmeat.MysisterandIlovedtogo______________________(食品雜貨店)shoppingwithourmotheratourleisurewhenwewerelittle.Iwouldnormallysuggesttakingtimeoffwork,butinthis_________________(例子)I’mnotsurethatwouldgenerateanygood.Itisarealitythattheotherstudentsadmiredhis_________________(深度)ofunderstanding.Believeitornot,theconventionalideatookstrong_________________(根).I’mnot________________(完全地)happyabouttheproposalthatweshouldapprovetheextensionofthebuilding.Dealingwithpeopleisanessential_________________(方面)ofmywork.短語填空。Atleisure,ontheassumptionthat,devoteone’senergiesto,deepdown,beprisedof,protect...against,plainabout,makefulluseof,nowthat,adaptto,toadepthof,beattherootof,forinstance,inturn,nowherenear,beessentialtoHe_____________________theresearchofnonverbalformsofmunication.Weareworking_______________________itwasaninternalconflict.Theyield________________________bothexportsandsalesonthedomesticmarket.Shestruggledtocontrolherangerandsaid,“Let’shavelunchsowecantalk__________________.”Intimeofcrisisheseemsconfidentbut__________________he’squiteinsecure.Iwill_________________________mysparetimeinordertoexpandmyvocabulary.Somechildrenexperiencehighlevelsofanxiety,becausetheyfindithardto________________________theirnewschool.Sheoften_____________________notfeelingappreciatedatwork.“Canphysicsexercise_________________me______________heartdisease?”themaninquired._____________________theyieldhasincreased,let’sholdapartytocelebrateit.Eachofus_________________describedhowtoexpandtheoutput.Whenitestohealth,anutritiousdiet_____________________everyone.Weneedtorethinktheconsumptionofenergy.Take,_____________________,ourwaytotransport.Itisestimatedthatthecavedescends(下降)________________________300feet.Itisessentialtoknowthatallergies_____________________alotofhealthproblems.Byparison,sheis_____________________asprettyasyouare.單句語法填空。Danny,don’tbotherEllenwhilesheisdevotingherenergiesto__________________(read).Inyouropinion,willthecelebrityyield____________growingpressureforhertoretire?You’llneedtoconvincethem_______________yourintensedesireforthejob.Aftertheinteraction,Ifindshe’svery_______________________(convention)inherviews.Ourplansarebasedonthe_______________(assume)thateveryoneisinfavourofthem.Thosescientistsdevotethemselvestotherapidly_________________(expand)fieldofinformationtechnology.Thestatisticsimplythatinthe19thcenturywaterpowerwaswidelyused______________(generate)electricity.Wearedependingonthereliableworker__________________(finish)thetaskbyFriday.Doyouthinkthattheorganicfoodismore______________________(nutrition)?I’mconvincedthatanumberofmeasureshavebeentaken_______________(alleviate)theproblem.Ifthestudentsarehappy,theeducatorswillbehappy____________turn.Let’smakeanassumptionthatwehavelookedattheproblem____________everyaspect.Hequicklyassessedwhat_______________(alternative)wereopentohim.What’sthe________________(deep)ofthetunnelhere?Hefeltashamedofhimself,whichwasdeeply__________(root)inhischildhoodexperience.Oursituation___________(entire)differsfromyours.主語從句練習(xí)。Itisnotaproblem_____________wecanwinthebattle,it’sjustamatteroftime._______________thefactorywillemploymorenewworkersistrue.______________wantstostayinthishoteldoesn’tbotheraboutbreakfast.It’sapity_______________theeducatordidn’tattendthelectureyesterday.Itisfortune______________Ihaveattainedapositionofpower.______________thewitnesssaidwastrue.Itissaid___________thewinhasboostedtheteam’sconfidence._____________thetwinswantedwerenewschoolbags.____________wemaycallonhimneedsanappointment.______________flowersarepollinatedwillbeshowninthenextbiologyclass.______________wecanhavelunchanddiscussitatleisuredependsonyou._____________willclarifyhowtheseconclusionsarereachedisnotclear.___________ofyouattainsyougoalwillgettheprize._________________wasassessedheremustbekeptsecret._____________theboydistractsfrequentlyinclassiswhathisteacherwantstoknow.Everyyear,_____________makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.________________thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.____________Iwantisnotmerelyanordinarycafebutaveryspecialone.【答案】一．A.1.devoted2.shortage3.tackle4.crisis5.boosted6.yield7.convince8.characteristic9.attain10.conventional11.pollinating12.assumptionsB.1.intense2.overe3.expanding4.output5.estimate6.domestic7.consumption8prises9.generate10.leisure11.celebrities12.envision13.vision14.reality15.saltyC.1.nutritious2.nutrition3.alleviate4.poverty5.organic6.widespread7.digest8.essential9.alternative10.grocery11.instance12.depth13.root14.entirely15.aspect二．1.devotedhisenergiesto2.ontheassumptionthat3.isprisedof4.atleisure5.deepdown6.makefulluseof7.adaptto8plainsabout9.protest,against10.Nowthat11.inturn12.isessentialto13.forinstance14.toadepthof15.areattherootof16.nowherenear三．1.reading2.to3.of4.conventional5.assumption6.expanding7.togenerate8.finishing/tofinish9.nutritious10.toalleviate11.in12.from13.alternatives14.depth15.rooted16.entirely四．1.whether2.That3.Whoever4.that5.that6.What7.that8.What9.When10.How11.Where12.Who13.Whichever14.Whatever15.Why16.whoever17.When18.What【真題演練】一(2021屆廣東省廣州市天河區(qū)普通高中畢業(yè)班綜合測(cè)試)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasalwaysplainingaboutwindorrain.Althoughitwasnothingunusualforthearrivalofwindorrain,itcausedinconvenienceformetogoout,andsometimesitevencreatedanawfulatmosphere,soI____21____itstrongly.Onarainydayameteorologist(氣象學(xué)家)Imetwasvery____22____atmygreatangercausedbyrainthatmadealittleinconvenienceforme.Heasked,“Haveyoueverseentyphoon?Doyouknowwhatwouldhappentotheworldiftherewerenotyphoon?”Ishookmyhead.Ihadnoexperienceofhowoverwhelmingitwaswhenit____23____everythingawayinitsway.“Well,letmetellyou,”themeteorologistsaid.“Withoutitthe____24____offreshwaterwillbemoreserious,foritisagreat____25____ofwatersupplyonearth.Withoutit,therewouldbeagreaterimbalanceinthedistributionof____26____.Theequatorialareathatreceivesthemostsunshineonearth____27____entirelyontyphoontodisperse(驅(qū)散)heat.Withouttyphoonthetropicswouldbeeven____28____whilethefrigidzonesmuchcolder.Asaresultthetemperatezones(溫帶)would____29____fromtheworld...”Ignorancemademe____30____.Idislikedwindonlybecauseitruffled(吹亂)myhair.IhatedrainmerelybecauseIhadtocarryanumbrella.ButIhadnoideaatallthattyphoon—somethingmuchmoreviolent,somethingathousandtimesmore____31____thanwindorrain—wasa(n)____32____totheexistenceofmankind.____33____noroadonearthgoesallthewayonlevelground,there’snopersonintheworldwhocandowhateverhepleases.Wrongasitisforpeopletoguardagainsttyphoon,itisadvisableforamantostoptothinkforamomentbeforeheplains.“____34____typhoondisappearedalltogether?Whatwouldtheworldbeethen?”The____35____willkeephimcalmandleadhimclosertotruth—hewillbebetterawareoftheworldhelivesin.21.A.blamed B.refused C.fought D.punished22.A.excited B.puzzled C.delighted D.encouraged23.A.frightened B.washed C.swept D.swung24.A.supply B.shortage C.waste D.amount25.A.power B.resource C.source D.strength26.A.time B.wealth C.energy D.warmth27.A.moves B.relies C.keeps D.holds28.A.better B.cooler C.hotter D.warmer29.A.remove B.escape C.move D.disappear30.A.shortsighted B.anxious C.frightened D.worried31.A.frightening B.appealing C.disturbing D.exciting32.A.success B.advantage C.lead D.must33.A.As B.Since C.While D.When34.A.Whatabout B.Howe C.Evenif D.Whatif35.A.answers B.theories C.plaints D.phenomena【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.B25.C26.D27.B28.C29.D30.A31.C32.D33.A34.D35.A這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者總是抱怨風(fēng)或雨，因?yàn)樗鼈兘o自己造成了不便，直到作者聽到氣象學(xué)家解釋臺(tái)風(fēng)的重要作用后，才意識(shí)到自己目光短淺，認(rèn)識(shí)到臺(tái)風(fēng)——比風(fēng)或雨更猛烈，比風(fēng)或雨更令人不安一千倍的東西——是人類生存所必須的。21A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然刮風(fēng)下雨并沒有什么不正常的，但它給我的外出帶來了不便，有時(shí)甚至造成了一種糟糕的氣氛，所以我強(qiáng)烈地責(zé)怪它。A.blamed責(zé)備；B.refused拒絕；C.fought打架；D.punished懲罰。根據(jù)上文“itcausedinconvenienceformetogoout,andsometimesitevencreatedanawfulatmosphere”可知糟糕的天氣給作者帶來了不便，因此作者責(zé)怪天氣。故選A。22B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個(gè)下雨天，我遇到一位氣象學(xué)家，他對(duì)我因?yàn)橄掠杲o我?guī)硪稽c(diǎn)不便而大發(fā)雷霆很是不解。A.excited激動(dòng)的；B.puzzled困惑的，不解的；C.delighted高興的；D.encouraged受到鼓舞的。根據(jù)后文“atmygreatangercausedbyrainthatmadealittleinconvenienceforme”結(jié)合后文氣象學(xué)家解釋下雨的作用，可知?dú)庀髮W(xué)家對(duì)于作者責(zé)備天氣感到困惑。故選B。23C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我從來沒有經(jīng)歷過，當(dāng)它把一切都卷走的時(shí)候，它是多么的勢(shì)不可擋。A.frightened使害怕；B.washed清洗；C.swept清掃，席卷；D.swung搖擺。根據(jù)常識(shí)和后文“everythingawayinitsway”可知，臺(tái)風(fēng)會(huì)把一切卷走，sweepaway“一掃而空”。故選C。24B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有它，淡水短缺將會(huì)更嚴(yán)重，因?yàn)樗堑厍蛏纤?yīng)的一大來源。A.supply供給；B.shortage缺乏；C.waste廢物；D.amount數(shù)量。根據(jù)后文“freshwaterwillbemoreserious”可知沒有臺(tái)風(fēng)，淡水的短缺會(huì)更嚴(yán)重。故選B。25C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有它，淡水的短缺將會(huì)更嚴(yán)重，因?yàn)樗堑厍蛏纤?yīng)的一大來源。A.power力量；B.resource資源；C.source來源；D.strength力量。根據(jù)后文“ofwatersupplyonearth”指臺(tái)風(fēng)是地球水供應(yīng)的來源，應(yīng)用source。故選C。26D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有它，熱量的分布就會(huì)出現(xiàn)更大的不平衡。A.time時(shí)間；B.wealth財(cái)富；C.energy能量；D.warmth溫暖，熱量。結(jié)合后文提到?jīng)]有臺(tái)風(fēng)，熱帶地區(qū)會(huì)更熱，而寒帶會(huì)更冷，可知沒有臺(tái)風(fēng)，熱量的分布就會(huì)出現(xiàn)更大的不平衡。故選D。27B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：地球上日照最多的赤道地區(qū)完全依靠臺(tái)風(fēng)來散熱。A.moves移動(dòng)；B.relies依靠；C.keeps保持；D.holds持有。根據(jù)地理知識(shí)和后文“entirelyontyphoontodisperseheat”指赤道地區(qū)依靠臺(tái)風(fēng)散熱，rely符合語境。故選B。28C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果沒有臺(tái)風(fēng)，熱帶地區(qū)會(huì)更熱，而寒帶會(huì)更冷。A.better更好的；B.cooler更涼爽的；C.hotter更熱的；D.warmer更溫暖的。根據(jù)后文“whilethefrigidzonesmuchcolder”可知熱帶更熱，寒帶更冷。故選C。29D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果就是，溫帶將從世界上消失……A.remove去除；B.escape逃走；C.move移動(dòng)；D.disappear消失。根據(jù)上文提到寒帶更冷，熱帶更熱和后文“fromtheworld”可知，此處是指溫帶從世界上消失，disappear符合語境。故選D。30A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：無知使我目光短淺。A.shortsighted目光短淺的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.frightened害怕的；D.worried擔(dān)心的。結(jié)合上文可知作者僅僅因?yàn)樘鞖饨o自己造成了不便就責(zé)備天氣，沒有意識(shí)到下雨的重要作用，可見此處指無知使作者目光短淺。故選A。31C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我根本不知道臺(tái)風(fēng)——比風(fēng)或雨更猛烈，比風(fēng)或雨更令人不安一千倍的東西——是人類生存所必須的。A.frightening令人恐懼的；B.appealing吸引人的；C.disturbing令人不安的；D.exciting激動(dòng)的。根據(jù)第一段中“Iwasalwaysplainingaboutwindorrain.”可知作者本來抱怨刮風(fēng)下雨，而臺(tái)風(fēng)是比風(fēng)或雨更令人不安一千倍的東西。故選C。32D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我根本不知道臺(tái)風(fēng)——比風(fēng)或雨更猛烈，比風(fēng)或雨更令人不安一千倍的東西——是人類生存所必須的。A.success成功；B.advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)；C.lead領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；D.must必須的事物。根據(jù)后文“totheexistenceofmankind”以及上文介紹的臺(tái)風(fēng)的作用，可知臺(tái)風(fēng)是人類生存所必須的。故選D。33A【解析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：就像世界上沒有一條路是平坦的一樣，世界上也沒有一個(gè)人可以隨心所欲。A.As正如，像……一樣；B.Since自從；C.While雖然；D.When當(dāng)……時(shí)候。引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示“像……一樣”應(yīng)用as。故選A。34D【解析】考查固定短語辨析。句意：如果臺(tái)風(fēng)全部消失了怎么辦？A.Whatabout怎么樣；B.Howe怎么會(huì)；C.Evenif即使；D.Whatif假設(shè)……將會(huì)怎么樣。根據(jù)后文“typhoondisappearedalltogether”可知是在假設(shè)臺(tái)風(fēng)如果全部消失會(huì)怎么樣，whatif符合語境。故選D。35A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：答案會(huì)讓他保持冷靜，引導(dǎo)他更接近真理——他會(huì)更好地了解他所生活的世界。A.answers答案；B.theories理論；C.plaints投訴；D.phenomena現(xiàn)象。上文“typhoondisappearedalltogether?Whatwouldtheworldbeethen?”提出了兩個(gè)問題，所以此處是指問題的答案。故選A。二(2021屆山東省煙臺(tái)市高三三模英語試題)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Yesterday,Iwenttothebookstoretopickupapresentformymother’sbirthday.I