2/22023-2024學年高一英語【精準輔導】學練測Unit4SpaceExploration目錄一單元重點詞匯講解突出重難點，點撥引導學生發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、解決問題二單元重點短語（漢譯英）精準掌握單元重點短語三單句語法填空精準掌握語法用法四課文經(jīng)典回顧課本知識語法填空自測五閱讀理解提升閱讀的理解能力六七選五提升推理判斷能力，對文章結(jié)構(gòu)的理解能力和還原信息、完形短文的能力七完形填空提高學習英語的綜合能力八語法填空提升邏輯判斷、分析理解能力九單元重點句式訓練經(jīng)典句型，提高寫作水平十學習背誦范文以“AFamousChineseIWouldLiketoInterview”為題寫一篇英語征文十一書面表達寫一篇關(guān)于“大連一日游”的英語日記一．單元重點詞匯講解1.【詞匯拓展】_________adj.有決心的；堅決的→_________n.決心【常用搭配】determinetodosth.決定做某事(強調(diào)動作)determineon/upon(doing)sth.就(做)某事做出決定bedeterminedtodosth.決心做某事(強調(diào)狀態(tài))determinethat...決定……【即學即練】1.Nomatterwhathappens,shehasdetermined_________(tell)thetruth.2.Iamdetermined_________(make)useofmysparetimetodoexercise.3._______(determine)tolookafterhisparentswell,hemovedtolivewiththem.4.Ihavedeterminedon______(go)tothecountrysideaftergraduation.5.我已決定畢業(yè)后到農(nóng)村支教。I_____________________________avolunteerteacherinthecountrysideaftergraduation.2.【詞匯拓展】_________vt.使失望;使沮喪;使(希望、計劃等)落空;挫敗→_________adj.失望的；沮喪的→_________adj.令人失望的；掃興的→_________n.(不可數(shù))失望;挫折【常用搭配】(be)disappointedat/about/with對……感到失望(be)disappointedtodosth對做某事感到失望(be)disappointedthat從句對……感到失望toone'sdisappointment令人失望的是【即學即練】1.Hewas______________(disappoint)thatotherguestswerenotcoming.2.I'mreallydisappointed____________you,Tom.3.Iwasdisappointed___________notfindingherathome.4.Hewasdisappointed_______(learn)thathisapplicationwasrefused.5.他沒有通過考試，這個令人掃興的消息讓我們感到非常失望。Thedisappointingnewsthathefailedtheexam______________________.6.讓我們非常失望的是,這次旅行天天下雨。__________________________,itrainedeverydayduringthetrip.3.【詞匯拓展】_________n．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→_________adj.想要的；可取的；值得擁有的【常用搭配】haveastrongdesiretodosth.迫切想要做某事haveastrongdesireforsth.急于想得到某物desiretodosth.渴望做某事desiresb.todosth.想要某人做某事desirethat...(should)dosth.渴望……【知識拓展】desire不用于進行時態(tài)。意為“期望”時，后接賓語從句，賓語從句中的謂語動詞用“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。另外，含desire的主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句也要使用虛擬語氣?！炯磳W即練】1.Ihadastrongdesire______(reach)inandplaywiththetoy,butwasheldbackthankfullybytheshopwindow.2.It'sourdesire________youshouldprovidesomemoneytofundourprogram,aswellasofferussomepracticalsuggestions.3.Wealwaysdesire_________(live)inpeacewithourneighbours.4.Wedesirethatimmediatehelp________(give)tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.4.【詞匯拓展】_________adj.依靠的，依賴的→_________n.獨立；自主→_________adv.獨立地；自立地【常用搭配】beindependentof獨立于；不受……約束gainindependence(from)(脫離……)獲得獨立bedependenton依靠，依賴dependon(＝relyon)依靠，依賴【即學即練】1.Itwasthefirsttimethathehadlived________________(independent).2.警方應(yīng)該不受政府的直接控制。Thepoliceforce________________________directgovernmentcontrol.3.這個國家在1960年完全獨立于英國，當時人們無法掩飾他們的激動之情。Thecountry____________________Britainin1960，whenpeoplecouldn'thidetheirexcitement.4.航班什么時候起飛在很大程度上取決于天氣。Whenthedelayedflightwilltakeoff___________________.5.signalvt.&vi.標志著；標明；發(fā)信號n．信號；標志【常用搭配】asignalforsbtodosth一個讓某人做某事的信號signaltosbtodosth向某人示意做某事signal(to)sb.todosth.示意某人做某事signal(sb.)that示意……signal...tosb.向某人示意……trafficsignals交通信號燈【即學即練】1.She_________(signal)thatshewasabouttoturnleft.2.Mymotherissignallingtome_______(remove)thetable.3.當我把手指放在嘴唇上時，那是讓你們安靜的信號。WhenIputmyfingertomylips,________________________.4.警察向來往車輛打信號，示意緩慢前行。Thepolice_______________________moveforwardslowly.6.【詞匯拓展】_________n．缺乏；短缺vt.沒有；缺乏→_________adj.短缺的；缺乏的【常用搭配】lacksth.缺少某物alackof...……的缺乏forlackof...因缺乏……h(huán)avenolackof...不缺乏……belackingin缺乏；缺少【即學即練】1.缺乏鍛煉讓你身體虛弱，容易遭受疾病的侵襲。_______________________exerciseleavesyourbodywearandeasilyaffectedbydisease.2.因為缺乏空間，在大城市里越來越多的高樓大廈已經(jīng)被建造。Moreandmorehigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuiltitbigcities____________________space. 3.吉姆的真正問題是他缺乏自信。Jim'srealproblemisthathe_________________________.4.缺少知識的處境比黑夜更黑暗。_________________________isdarkerthannight.7.【詞匯拓展】_________vt.&vi.論證;爭辯;爭論→_________argumentn.爭論;爭辯【常用搭配】arguewithsb.(about/over/onsth.)(就某事)與某人爭論arguefor/againststh. 據(jù)理贊成/反對某事 arguethat... 主張……;認為…… arguesb.intodoingsth. 說服某人做某事 arguesb.outofdoingsth. 說服某人不做某事 【即學即練】1.Fatherargued__________anincreaseinourpocketmoney.2.AsfarasIknow,theyargue___________therighttovote.3.Wetriedmanywaystoarguehim_________followingouradvice,butinvain.4.他們之間就解決這個問題的辦法展開討論。They___________________________thewayofdealingwiththeproblem.5.面對這樣的爭論,不同的人可能會有不同的意見。__________________________，differentindividualsmaycometodifferentopinions.8.【詞匯拓展】_________vt.系；綁；貼；(使)附屬；(使)隸屬→_________n．附件；喜愛；連接【常用搭配】beattachedtosb/sth依戀；附屬于；愛慕某人(某物)attachsthtosth把……附在……之上attachoneselftosb參加；和……在一起attachtosb/sth與……有聯(lián)系attachimportanceto重視【即學即練】1.一把金屬鑰匙系在繩子上。Ametalkey______________________thestring.2.我認為這項研究十分重要。I___________________________________thisresearch.3.這些學校曾一度歸教會主管。Atonetimetheschools________________________thechurch.9.resultin導致；造成【常用搭配】resultfrom由……產(chǎn)生asaresultof由于……的原因asaresult結(jié)果;因此;所以，后面接表示結(jié)果的句子asaresultof...作為……的結(jié)果,其后面的部分表示原因，of后面接名詞或動名詞。withoutresult毫無結(jié)果【聯(lián)想拓展】“導致”的意思，其同義詞有cause(引起)，bringabout(引起；導致；致使)；leadto(導致)；contributeto(有助于；向……投稿)等?！炯磳W即練】1.工作壓力導致了他精神上的疾病。現(xiàn)在他的健康處于危險中。Workstress_______________hismentalillness.Hishealthisatrisknow.2.由于吃得太多,他肚子疼。Hisstomachache_____________hiseatingtoomuch.3.人們現(xiàn)在比過去享有更好的醫(yī)療服務(wù)，因此壽命更長了。Peoplehavebetteraccesstohealthcarethantheyusedto,and_____________,theylivelonger.4.由于這些問題,人口由1841年的820萬減少到1851年的660萬。__________________theseproblems,thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841to6.6millionin1851.5.他是因為過度勞累而得了癌癥。Hiscancer________________________theoverfulltiredness.→Theoverfulltiredness_________________hiscancer.10.runout用完;耗盡【聯(lián)想拓展】runout用完；耗盡runacross偶然遇見(或看到)runat攻擊runafter追趕；追求runfor競選runinto遇到；撞上runoutof用完某物【知識拓展】辨析runout,runoutof,giveout,useuprunout“…用完了”,是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常為時間、食物、金錢等名詞runoutof“用完了”,是及物動詞短語，表示主動意義，主語一般是人giveout“用盡;精疲力竭”，為不及物動詞短語useup“用完;消耗盡”,為及物動詞短語【即學即練】1.到交通通暢的時候,我們將已經(jīng)用完汽油了。Bythetimethetrafficclears,wewillhave____________gas.2.她已經(jīng)用完了錢,并且她的耐心也快耗盡了。Shehas_____________hermoneyandherpatienceisalso3.跑了那么長一段距離后,他的體力耗盡了。Hisstrength_____________afterheranthatlongdistance.4.我的錢用完了,所以我必須回家。Mymoneyhasbeen_______________，soIhavetoreturnhome.二．單元重點短語（漢譯英）1.最后2.所以，結(jié)果(是)3.在（宇宙飛船/船/飛機）上4.耗盡，用完5.養(yǎng)活他的家人6.弄清楚7.導致，造成8.繼續(xù)做，堅持干9.為了10.太陽系11.相信12.專注于13.各種各樣的14.與某人爭吵15.成功做……16.提供生活所需17.在……方面取得進步18.抱著……的希望三．單句語法填空用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空。1._________closing,IwouldliketoinviteyoutojoinmeinatoasttothehealthofMr.Smith.2.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,_________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.3.Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingwax,butitisverydeterminedinitsefforts__________(get)wax.4.Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,_________(make)airconditioningunnecessary.5.Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswherestudentsareencouraged__________(develop)theirgreatestpotential.6.Somemodemteaching__________(equip)aswellashundredsofcomputerswassenttotenschoolsthere.7.Anyonewhofinishesthetaskfirstissupposed__________(win)theprize.8._______(see)fromthetopofthemountain,wecangetawonderfulviewofthecity.9.Thisisn'tashardasitsounds,anditisfarbetterthananyothermethodbecauseyouimproveyourvocabularywhile_________(read)aninterestingpieceofliterature.10.Astheexplorerscontinuetheirwork,new __________(mystery)arewaitingtobediscovered.11.Whatshehastoldtousleftus________(think)thatsheexperiencedmuchwhenshewasyoung.12.__________(work)inseveralcountries,theyoungmanseemstohavetheexperiencewe'relookingfor.13.Whenthelittlegirlfoundsomanypeople____________(surround)her,shefeltverynervous.14.Kidsusuallyfinishschoolat3:30p.m.However,mostparentsworkuntil6:00p.m.,_______(make)ithardforthemtopicktheirkidsup.15._________(cover)anareaofover4,000squarekilometers,QinghaiLakeisalsothethebiggestsaltwaterlakeinChina.16.MrJohnson,I'mreallysorrytohavekeptyou________(wait)foralongtime.Iknowyouareverybusyatthemoment.17._____(finish)hiswork,themanagerstoodupbehindhischair,stretchinghimself.18.When__________(teach)English,whethertochildrenoradults,youhavetobeverycreativetokeeptheirinterest.四．課文經(jīng)典回顧課本知識語法填空自測Tolearnmoreaboutspace,scientistsmakespacevehiclestofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse.Inthepast,peoplefeltspacetravelwas1______impossibledream.However,somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealisetheirdream.Aftermanyexperiments,theysucceededin2_________(make)spacerockets.LaunchedbytheUSSR,asatelliteorbitedaroundEarthin1957.LaunchedbytheUSSR,asatelliteorbitedaroundEarthin1957.Afterwards,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersontogo3________spaceandNeilArmstrong4_________(step)ontothemoon.Followingthis,manymoregoalswereachieved.5_________________________scientiststrytoavoidaccidents,theycanstillhappen.Someastronautsdiedduringtheirmissions,whichmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed.However,thedesire6________________(explore)theuniverseneverdiedbecausepeoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingiton.China’sspaceprogrammestarted7_________(late)thanthoseofRussiaandAmerica,butithasmadegreatprogressinashorttime.Chinabecamethethirdcountryintheworldto8____________(independent)sendhumansintospace,whenYangLiweisuccessfullyorbitedEarth.Uptonow,aseriesofachievements9_________________(make).Thefutureofspaceexplorationremainsbright.Manycountriesplantoexploremore10___________(planet)inthehopeofunderstandingtheuniversebetterandhelpingussurvivewellintothefuture.五．閱讀理解閱讀下面題文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Quiteafewyearsago,asIcelebratedmy25thbirthdaywithaparty,Iwassurprisedtoreceiveanunusualpresent.Thegift－giversmiledwidelyandsaidloudly,“It'sanice,strongplant,soevenyoucan'tkillit.”Iwaswellknowninmycircleoffriendsasan“anti－gardener”—howwasIgoingtocareforthispieceofgreenery?Forfouryearstheplantreceivedlittlecare.Ifeltguilty(內(nèi)疚的)justlookingatit!Asanon－gardener,myofferstolookafterfriends'housesweremetwithlaughter,“Weappreciate(感激)theofferbut,really,wedon'twanttocomehometoadeadgarden！”Itdidn'toccurto(想到)themthatIjusthadnointerestinhavingagarden.Itwasachoice,notafailing.SometimelatermyhusbandacceptedajobinBelgium.BecauseIcouldn'tthrowawayagift,Idecidedtoaskmyneighbourtocareformyplant.OurlovelyhouseinBelgiumhadabeautifulgarden.Slowlygardeningbecameapartofmydailylife,teachingmetoslowdownandtobehappyinthesilenceofthegarden.ItwaswithregretthatIleftthatgardentoreturntoSydneysomemonthslater.Backhomelifesoonwentbacktonormal.Thenoneday,itoccurredtomethatIcouldstartmyownlittlegarden.So,Iwenttocollectmyunwantedplantfrommyneighbour.Itooktheplanthome,watereditandwatchedasitsleavesturnedfromalifelessyellowtoarichgreenwithinweeks.Manyyearson,Istilldon'tknowthenameofmyfirstplant,butIdoknowthatasitgrows,sodoI．ItsymbolisesachangeinmewhenIstoppedlisteningtothevoicesaroundmeandstartedtobelieveinmyself.()1.Whentheauthorreceivedaplantasabirthdaygift,shefelt________.A．funny B．guiltyC．excited D．displeased()2.Whatdidtheauthor'sfriendsthinkofher?A．Heranti－gardeningwasaweakness.B．Shewasboredwithgardening.C．Shewasagoodhousekeeper.D．Herdeadgardenwasugly.()3.Howdidtheauthordealwiththeplantbeforemovingaway?A．Shethrewitaway.B．Sheaskedforhelp.C．Sheleftitinthehouse.D．Shegaveittoaneighbourasagift.()4.Theauthor'sstayinBelgiummadeher________.A．missherdaysbackinSydneyB．feelsorryforherfirstplantC．fallinlovewithgardeningD．becomestrangelysilent()5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusfromherexperience?A．Weshouldtrytobeperfect.B．Don'tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.C．Weshouldlearntomakeclearchoices.D．Don'trefusesomethingyou'venevertried.六．七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Areyoualwayslateforschoolbecauseyoucan'twakeupattherighttime？__1__Don'tworry.Herearesomewaystohelpyouhaveagreatmorningroutine.__2__Putallofyourbooks，papersandotherschoolrequirementsinsideyourschoolbagthenightbefore.Watchtheweatherforecasttoseewhatyoushouldwearthenextday.Makesureyouwakeupatanearlyhour.Wakeupatleastthirtyminutesorearlierbeforetheschoolstarts.__3__It'salsohelpfultouseanalarmclocktohelpyouwakeup.Don'tsetyouralarmtoolate.Andremembernottosetyouralarmtooearlyjusttogiveyourselfanexcusetohitthesnoozebutton.Gostraighttothebathroomtobrushyourteethandwashyourface.Thisisagoodstartforkeepingniceandcleanduringtheschoolday.Ifyouwant，takeaquickshower.__4__Haveaquickbreakfastavailable.Makesureyoulikewhatyouhaveforbreakfast.__5__Ifyoudon'thaveenoughtimetoprepare，choosingbread，eggs，yogurt，andfruitasyourbreakfastisalsoagoodidea.Itwon'ttakeyoumuchtimetomakesuchanutritiousbreakfast.A．Prepareeverythinginadvance.B．Makesureyougetatleast8hoursofsleep.C．Onlyinthiswaycanyouhaveplentyoftimetogetready.D．Doyoualwayshaveagreatmorningroutinebeforeschool?E．Butalwaysrememberthatanybreakfastisbetterthannone.F．Itwillmakeyousmellandfeelbetterthroughoutthewholeday.G．Orareyoualwaysrushingintogettingreadyintheschoolmorning?七、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ArianaMiyamotoenteredtheMissUniverseJapanbeautycontestafteramixed－racefriendkilledherselfandshewonthecrown__1__.Miyamotodecidedtousehernew－found__2__tohelpfightracialdiscrimination(種族歧視)．“Iwaspreparedforthe__3__.Ididn'tfeelanyaddedpressurebecausethereasonItookpartinthecontestwasmyfriend'sdeath.Mygoalwasto__4__awarenessofracialdiscrimination，”addedMiyamoto.“NowIhaveagreatplatformto__5__thatmessageasthefirstblackMissUniverseJapan.”AfterMiyamoto'svictory，manycritics__6__thetitleshouldhavegonetowhattheycalleda“pure”Japaneseratherthana“haafu”(theJapanesewordusedtodescribemixedrace)．MiyamotowhoturnsheadsinJapanwithher__7__skinadmittedshehashadtotoughenup.“IusedtogetbulliedasakidbutI'vegotmentally__8__toprotectmyself，”saidthemodel.“WhenIwassmallItriednottobringattentiontomyselfbutnowIsaywhatIfeel.Iwanttostarta(n)__9__，”Miyamotosaid.“It'spossiblethatsomeconservative(保守的)peoplemightfeelIdon't__10__thetraditionalJapaneseimagetorepresentthecountry，”saidMiyamoto.“ButIcertainlyhavethechancetobeapioneerandit'sa(n)__11__opportunityforJapantobecomemoregloballyaware.InJapanthereare__12__anyblackmodelsorTVpersonalities.HopefullyIcanhelpcreateaJapanwhereanyonecanmakethingshappen.”ButdespitehernobleintentionsMiyamotohasnoplansto__13__governmentofficialsjustyet.“I'dliketousemypositiontobecomealeader，”shesmiled.“I'mlikeasponge(海綿)—always__14__newthings.ButIhaven'tthoughttoodeeplyabout__15__yet.It'sstillabitearlytothinkaboutbecomingPrimeMinister！”()1.A.unexpectedlyB．eventuallyC．unwillingly D．a(chǎn)ccidentally()2.A.companyB．organizationC．government D．fame()3.A.criticismB．competitionC．position D．blame()4.A.requireB．obtainC．bring D．raise()5.A.passB．deliverC．describe D．refuse()6.A.admittedB．praisedC．complained D．regretted()7.A.blackB．whiteC．yellow D．brown()8.A.braverB．strongerC．wiser D．smarter()9.A.operationB．experimentC．a(chǎn)ttempt D．revolution()10.A.fitB．makeC．deserve D．build()11.A.difficultB．unnecessaryC．lucky D．excellent()12.A.usuallyB．surelyC．hardly D．obviously()13.A.liveonB．fightwithC．takeover D．runfor()14.A.absorbingB．producingC．protecting D．a(chǎn)ccepting()15.A.marriageB．politicsC．responsibility D．success八．語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thereareallkindsoffestivalsthroughouttheworld.Festivalsareheld1.________(satisfy)andpleasetheancestors,tohonoursomefamouspeopleorimportant2.________(event),andtoexpresspeople'sgratitudetotheGodforbringingthemayearofplenty.Forexample,inIndia,October2is3.________nationalfestivaltohonourMohandasGandhi,theleader4.________helpedgainIndia's5.________(depend)fromBritain.6.________(tradition),inChinatheSpringFestival,which7.________(celebrate)inJanuaryorFebruary,isthemost8.________(energy)andimportantbecauseitisafestivalthatlooksforward9.________thecomingofspring.Whyareallthesefestivalseverywhere?Becauseduringthefestivals,peoplecangettogethertoeat,drinkandhavefunwitheachother,10.________(forget)allthedailystruggleanddemandsforawhile.九．單元重點句式1.[教材原句]Thisisbecausepeoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingonspaceexplorationdespitethehugerisks.這是因為人們堅信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面臨巨大的風險。句型：此句為主從復合句，because引導表語從句，句式結(jié)構(gòu)為This/Thatwas/isbecause...聯(lián)想拓展:1.This/Thatisbecause...意為“這/那是因為……”，用來表示原因2.This/Thatiswhy...意為“這/那是為什么……”，用來表示結(jié)果3.Thereasonwhy...isthat意為“……的原因就是……”，why引導定語從句，that引導表語從句練透：1.他上學遲到是因為自行車壞了。Hewaslateforschool._____________________hisbikewasbroken.2.他失望的原因是他考試失敗。__________________________________________hefailedintheexam.3.他起晚了，這就是他為什么沒趕上第一班車的原因。Hegotuplate，and_____________________hemissedthefirstbusthismorning.2.[教材原句]Itisnecessarytofindanewhomeforpeopleinspace，astheresourcesonEarthwillrunout.由于地球上的資源將耗盡，有必要為太空中的人們找到一個新家。句型：Itisnecessarytofind...句型，意為“……是有必要的”。it為形式主語，不定式短語tofindanewhomeforpeopleinspace作真正的主語。聯(lián)想拓展:it作形式主語常用于下列句型中：1.It＋be＋形容詞＋(for/ofsb)todosth2.Itis＋n.＋todo...3.Ittakessbsometimetodosth干……花了某人……時間練透：1.對我們來說按時完成工作是很重要的。_____