Therearethousandsofvolcanoesallovertheworld.Whatmakesvolcanoes？Whathappens?Theinsideoftheearthisveryhot.Becauseitisvery，veryhot，therockhasmeltedlikeice.Ithasbeeliquid，likewater.Itisalwaysboiling，likewaterinakettleboiling；youknowthatthesteamandboilingwatertrytogetout.Theveryhotmeltedrockinsidetheearthalsotriestogetout.Usuallyitcannotbecausetheoutsideoftheearthistoothickandstrong.Butinsomeplacestheoutsideoftheearthisthinandweak.Sometimesacrack(asmallopening)appears.Thehotmeltedrock，whichwecall“l(fā)ava”，pushesupthroughthecrackandburststhrough.Steamandgasshootupintotheairandthehotmeltedlavapoursout.Bigpiecesofrockmaybethrownhighintotheair.Afterawhilethevolcanobeesquietagain.Themeltedlavabeeshard.Laterthesamethinghappensagainandagain.Eachtimemorehotlavapoursoutontopofthecoldlavaandthenbeeshard.Inthiswayakindofmountainisbuiltup，withaholedownthemiddle.Perhapsthevolcanowillthenbequietandnomorelavawillburstout.Perhapsitwillstartagainhundredsofyearslater.VesuviusisthenameofaveryfamousvolcanoinItaly.Itfirstcametolifemany，manyyearsago.Itwasquietforhundredsofyears.Thenintheyear79ADitsuddenlyburst.Agreatcloudofsmokeshotupintotheskywithgreatburningrocks，whichfellallaround.Hotlavapoureddownitssides.About3,000peoplewerekilled.eq\x(Notes)1.meltvt.使融化；使熔化；n.熔化；熔化物2.crackvi.破裂；爆裂；n.裂縫；聲變；劈啪聲3.shootup射出；暴漲；發(fā)芽；迅速成長(zhǎng)4.Vesuviusn.維蘇威火山(意大利西南部)eq\x(Task)根據(jù)短文，判斷正(T)誤(F)1.Thehotmeltedrockinsidetheearthcannotgetout.(F)2.Theoutsideoftheearthisalwaysthickandstrong.(F)3.Vesuviussuddenlyburstintheyear79AD.(T)PeriodOneWarmingUp，Pre-reading&ReadingⅠ.單詞檢測(cè)1.diagramn.圖解；圖表；示意圖2.volcanon.火山3.eruptvi.(指火山)爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生eruptionn.火山爆發(fā)；(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等)爆發(fā)4.hurricanen.颶風(fēng)；風(fēng)暴5.questionnairen.問卷；調(diào)查表6.alongsideadv.在旁邊；沿著邊；prep.在……旁邊；沿著……的邊7.equipmentn.設(shè)備；裝備equipvt.裝備，配備8.appointvt.任命；委派appointmentn.約會(huì)，約定；任命，委任9.evaluatevt.評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)；估計(jì)evaluationn.評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)；估計(jì)10.waven.波浪；波濤；vi.揮手；波動(dòng)；起伏11.fountainvi.&vt.泉水般地涌出或噴出；n.噴泉；源泉12.absoluteadj.絕對(duì)的；完全的absolutelyadv.絕對(duì)地；完全地13.suitn.一套外衣；套裝；vt.適合；使適宜suitableadj.合適的，適當(dāng)?shù)?4.potentialadj.潛在的；可能的；n.潛在性；可能性；潛能15.actualadj.實(shí)在的；實(shí)際的Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)檢測(cè)parewith和……比起來2.outoftheway不擋道；不礙事；偏遠(yuǎn)的；把……移開3.burntotheground全部焚毀4.makeone’sway前往5.beenthusiasticabout...對(duì)……懷著熱情Ⅰ.課文判斷正(T)誤(F)1.Thewriterhasthegreatestjobintheworld，butsometimeshewasbored.(F)2.MountKilaueaisthemostactivevolcanoinHawaii.(F)3.ManypeoplelivenearthetopofMountKilauea，wheretherocksfall.(F)4.Aftereruptionthewriterandtheothertwoscientistswenttothemountainonfoot.(F)5.Theeruptionwasthewriter’sfirstexperienceandhewouldneverforgetit.(T)Ⅱ.課文閱讀理解1.Thewriterdoesn’tmindtheoccasionaldangerofhisjobbecause.A.hetravelstounusualplacesandmeetsinterestingpeoplefromallovertheworldB.helikesthedifferentwaysofworkingC.heisexcitedaboutdangersandfeelsaliveD.hethinkshisjobthemostimportant答案C2.Whatdoesthewritermeanbyusing“l(fā)ucky”inthesentence“ThedayafterthiseruptionIwasluckyenoughtohaveamuchcloserlookatit.”？A.Hefeltmuchsaferonthetopwhiletheothertwoscientistsclimbeddownintothecrater.B.Itwashisfirstsightofaneruption.C.Itwasthefirsttimeforhimtowatchthecrater.D.BothBandC.答案D3.Whatdidtheauthordoafterhewasappointedasavolcanologist?A.HecollectedinformationaboutMountKilaueaonthespot.B.Heanalyzedthedataandpredictedwherethelavawouldflow.C.Hepersuadedpeopletomovetheirhomesoutofthepathofthelava.D.Hesavedpeoplewhowerecoveredwithlava.答案B4.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsofaneruptionisNOTtrue?A.ItcausesgreatdamagenearthetopofMountKilauea.B.Theplaceswherethelavaflowsareusuallyseriouslydamaged.C.Itcanbeseenfromadistance，eveninahousegarden.D.Thelavacanfountainhundredsofmetres.答案AⅢ.難句分析1.Sometimesworkingoutdoors，sometimesinanoffice，sometimesusingscientificequipmentandsometimesmeetinglocalpeopleandtourists，Iamneverbored.句式分析：四個(gè)“sometimes＋v.-ing形式”構(gòu)成并列的排比結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)，其中第二個(gè)sometimes后省略了working。自主翻譯：(我們)有時(shí)在室外工作，有時(shí)在辦公室里，有時(shí)工作中要用科學(xué)儀器，有時(shí)要見當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈陀慰停覐膩聿桓械絽挓?.Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation，Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.句式分析：Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation是現(xiàn)在分詞的主動(dòng)完成式，在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。自主翻譯：收集和評(píng)估了這些信息之后，我就幫助其他科學(xué)家一起預(yù)測(cè)下次火山熔巖將往何處流去，流速是多少。1.equipment[語(yǔ)境感悟](1)(教材P34...sometimes.usingscientificequipment...……有時(shí)要用科學(xué)儀器……(2)Youngpeopleshouldbeequippedwithadvancedtechnology.年輕人應(yīng)以先進(jìn)的科技武裝自己。(3)Theboysequippedthemselveswithfoodandwaterandthensetoff.男孩們帶上食物和水，就出發(fā)了。[歸納拓展]1equipmentn.[U]設(shè)備；裝備apieceofequipment一件設(shè)備2equipvt.equipped；equipped裝備，配備equipAwithB用B裝備Asb.forsb.for使某人裝備/具有……sb.tosb.todosth.使某人能夠做某事[即時(shí)跟蹤]單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Divershadtobuydivingequipment(equip).(2)Wewantoursontohaveagoodeducationthatwillequiphimforlaterlife.(3)Thecentreiswellequippedforcampingandfishing.(4)OurclassroomisequippedwithaTVsetandataperecorder.(5)Hisworkexperienceequippedhimtodeal(deal)withallkindsofpeople.2.appoint[語(yǔ)境感悟](1)(教材P34)IwasappointedasavolcanologistworkingfortheHawaiianVolcanoObservatory(HVO)twentyyearsago.作為一名火山學(xué)家，二十年前我被派到夏威夷火山觀測(cè)站工作。(2)Idecidetoappointyouas/tobeavicemanagerofthepany.我決定任命你為公司副經(jīng)理。(3)AnnieSalmon，disabled，isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurseappointedtoguardher.(2014·浙江)殘疾人安妮·薩蒙在學(xué)校的那段日子一直由委派保護(hù)她的一個(gè)護(hù)士陪同。[歸納拓展]1appointvt.任命；委派sb.as/tosb.as/tobe...任命某人為……appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事2appointmentn.約會(huì)；約定；委任make/haveanappointmentwithsb.與某人約會(huì)3appointedadj.約定了的；規(guī)定了的[即時(shí)跟蹤]用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空(1)Ifyouwanttomeethim，youhavetomakeanappointment(appoint).(2)Hewasappointedtolook(look)intothematter.(3)Everyonearrivedatthegateattheappointed(appoint)time.3.evaluate[語(yǔ)境感悟](1)(教材P34)Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation，Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.收集和評(píng)估了這些信息之后，我就幫助其他科學(xué)家一起預(yù)測(cè)下次火山熔巖將往何處流去，流速是多少。(2)Canyouevaluateherchancesofsuccess?你能估計(jì)一下她成功的幾率嗎？(3)Ican’tmakeanevaluationofyourabilitywithoutseeingyourwork.不看你的工作我不能對(duì)你的能力作出評(píng)價(jià)。[歸納拓展]1evaluatevt.評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)；估計(jì)evaluatesb.on/by...根據(jù)……評(píng)價(jià)某人2evaluationn.評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)；估計(jì)makeanevaluationof評(píng)估；估計(jì)……[即時(shí)跟蹤]單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)LastMonday，Iwasaskedtogivethenewstudentsatesttoevaluate(evaluate)theirEnglishlevel.(2)Theymadeanintensiveevaluation(evaluate)ofthehealthcareprogram.(3)Don’tevaluateapersononthebasisofappearance.(4)Don’tevaluatepeoplebytheirclothes.4.suit[語(yǔ)境感悟](1)(教材P34)Wehadwhiteprotectivesuitsthatcoveredourwholebody，helmets，bigbootsandspecialgloves.我們都穿著白色的防護(hù)服遮住全身，戴上了頭盔和特制的手套，還穿了一雙大靴子。(2)Thebluedressdoesn’tsuither.這件藍(lán)色連衣裙她穿起來不合適。(3)Theshoesaresuitabletotravel.這鞋適合旅行(穿)。[歸納拓展]1suitn.一套外衣；套裝；vt.適合；使適宜suitsth.tosb./sth.使某物適合于某人/某物2suitableadj.適合的besuitableforsb./sth.適合于某人/某物besuitabletodosth.適合做某事[易混辨析]suit/fit/match(1)suit指衣服等的顏色、款式、花樣等適合。(2)fit多指衣服等尺寸、大小合身。(3)match意為“使相稱，使相配，使匹配”，指事物在大小、色調(diào)、性質(zhì)等方面的搭配。[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)用suit，fit或match的正確形式填空①Hershoesmatchherdress；theylookverywelltogether.②—Howabouteighto’clockoutsidethecinema?—Thatsuitsmefine.③Hetriedtosuithisperformancetotheaudience.④Itriedthedressonbutitdidn’tfitme.Itwastoosmall.(2)單句改錯(cuò)Inmyopinion，heisquitesuitforthisjob.suit→suitable/fit1.burntotheground[語(yǔ)境感悟](1)(教材P34)Unfortunately，wecannotmovetheirhomesoutoftheway，andmanyhouseshavebeencoveredwithlavaorburnedtotheground.遺憾的是，我們不可能把他們的家搬離巖漿流過的地方，因此，許多房屋被熔巖淹沒，或者全部燒毀。(2)Rumorhasitthatthefactorywasburneddown.謠傳那家工廠被大火燒毀了。(3)Bytheageof25shewaspletelyburntoutandretiredfromthesport.她到25歲時(shí)就已體力不支，退出了體壇。[歸納拓展]burntotheground全部燒毀burndown把……燒毀；漸漸燒完burnoneself/sb.out耗盡體力；累垮beburningtodosth.熱切盼望做某事[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①You’llburnyourselfoutifyouworksohard.②Shefeltcolderasthefireburneddown.③Thehousewasburnttotheground.(2)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Heiseagertotellushisgreatsuccess.→Heisburningtotellushisgreatsuccess.2.makeone’sway[語(yǔ)境感悟](1)(教材P35)Itwasnoteasytowalkinthesesuits，butweslowlymadeourwaytotheedgeofthecraterandlookeddownintothered，boilingcentre.穿著這些衣服走起路來實(shí)在不容易，但我們還是緩緩?fù)鹕娇诘倪吘壸呷?，并且向下看到了紅紅的、沸騰的中央。(2)Withoutexperienceonit，wehavetofeelourway.由于在這方面沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我們必須摸索著前進(jìn)。(3)Aswegotintoaforest，welostourway.進(jìn)入森林后我們迷路了。(4)Riversfindtheirwaytothesea.條條江河入海流。[歸納拓展]makeone’sway去；前往；獲得成功feelone’sway摸索著前行pushone’sway擠過loseone’sway迷路findone’sway找到路，設(shè)法到達(dá)windone’sway蜿蜒前進(jìn)[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)用way相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空①Inspiteofthesnowstormthedoctormadehiswaytothepatient’shome.②Ifeltmywayinthedarkness，searchingfortheswitch.③Eventually，herealizedhehadlosthiswayinthevastforest.④TheGreatWallwindsitswayacrossNorthChinalikeahugedragon.⑤Thoughthehallwascrowdedwithfans，hepushedhiswayin.(2)單句改錯(cuò)Thesnowbeingsothick，howdidyoumakewaytothetopofthehill？make后加your1.beabouttodo...when...[語(yǔ)境感悟](1)(教材P34)Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.我剛要再睡，突然我的臥室亮如白晝。(2)Wewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokein.當(dāng)時(shí)我們正在開會(huì)，突然有人闖了進(jìn)來。(3)Ihadjustgonetobedwhenthetelephonerang.我剛剛上床睡覺，突然電話鈴響了。[歸納拓展]beabouttodo...when...正要、即將要做……突然……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……突然……bedoing...when...正在做……突然……h(huán)adjustdone...when...剛剛做了……突然……[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)完成句子①湯姆剛要開口，但杰克先說了起來。TomwasabouttobeginwhenJackspokefirst.②一只獅子正在舒舒服服地睡覺，突然一只老鼠從它臉上跑了過去。Alionwassleepinghappilywhenamouseranoveritsface.③他剛一躺下來，電話就響了。Hehadjustlaindownwhenthephonerang.④他正要去河里游泳，突然導(dǎo)游制止了他。Hewasonthepointofgoingswimmingintheriverwhentheguidestoppedhim.(2)單句改錯(cuò)Wehadjustbeguntoworkwhilethemachinebrokedown.while→when2.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)[語(yǔ)境感悟](1)(教材P35)Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy，butthisbeingmyfirstexperience，Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.另外兩個(gè)人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的巖漿，但我是第一次經(jīng)歷這樣的事，所以留在山頂上觀察他們。(2)Thelittlegirlenteredtheroom，herfaceredwithcold.小女孩走進(jìn)房間，臉凍紅了。(3)Toyinhand，theboystoppedcrying.手里拿著玩具，小男孩不哭了。(4)Muchtimespentsittingatadesk，officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.(2015·江蘇)大部分時(shí)間坐在辦公桌旁，辦公室職員通常被健康問題所困擾。[歸納拓展](1)教材原句中的thisbeingmyfirstexperience為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，它是由名詞或代詞加上分詞等構(gòu)成的一種獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，用于修飾整個(gè)句子。(2)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的基本構(gòu)成形式：名詞/代詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/不定式/形容詞/副詞/名詞/介詞短語(yǔ)等。此外，“with＋復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)也可看作是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的一種形式。[即時(shí)跟蹤](1)用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空①Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool，theirlessonsfinished(finish)fortheday.②—Wow！Itsnowedlastnight.Whataniceworld!—You’reright.Butit’smoredifficulttofindmymissingkeyswithsnowcovering(cover)theground.(2)一句多譯在小男孩的帶領(lǐng)下，我們到達(dá)了那個(gè)村莊。①Wewenttothevillagewiththeboyleadingtheway.②Wewenttothevillage，theboyleadingtheway.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Thegovernmenthasaninterestinimportingscientificequipment(equip).2.Havingwritten(write)twobooks，hewassatisfiedwithhimself.3.Don’tleavethegasonoryoumightburnthehousedown.4.Wewereswimminginthelakewhensuddenlythestormstarted.5.Hisdinnereaten(eat)alone，Philipwalkedstraightintothelibrary.Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(makeone’sway，beburnedtotheground，beamazedat，beenthusiasticabout，takenoticeof)1.DuringtheterroristattackonSeptember11ththeWorldTradeCentrewasburnedtotheground.2.Shortashewas，thelittleboymanagedtomakehiswaythroughthecrowd.3.Heisenthusiasticaboutpopmu