BuildingEngineeringandConstructionVocabulary1.項目管理projectmanagement現(xiàn)場管理sitemanagement施工管理constructionmanagement政府報批permitting&approvals監(jiān)理單位supervisoryagent質檢站qualityinspectionstation設計院designinstitute協(xié)調coordination質量監(jiān)督qualitymonitoring工期控制schedulecontrol/工期跟蹤scheduletracking安全控制safetycontrol/safetymonitoring安全培訓safetytraining安全手冊safetymanual/handbook每周例會weeklymeeting周報weeklyreport會議記要meetingminutes記要（備忘錄）MOU/memo(memorandumofunderstanding)指令instruction業(yè)主指令clientinstruction工程管理公司指令Consultant’sinstruction監(jiān)理單位指令supervisoryagent’sinstruction驗收acceptanceinspection中間驗收hold-pointinspection/milestoneinspection隱蔽工程驗收concealedworkinspection竣工驗收finalcompletioninspection會議記要格式meetingminutestemplate公司信箋companyletterhead文件歸檔archiving/archive文件簽收記錄單transmittal2.人員和單位roles&staff業(yè)主client業(yè)主工程師clientengineer/consultant管理公司projectmanagementcompany=consultant=engineer總承包公司generalcontractor項目經理施工經理constructionmanager/sitemanager政府報批員governmentpermittingliaison土建工程師civilengineer結構工程師structureengineer機電工程師M&Eengineer(mechanical&electrical)安全工程師safetyengineer質檢工程師qualityassurance/qualitycontrol(QA/QC)engineer檔案管理員documentcontrol合同經理contractmanager采購經理procurementmanager/purchasingmanager項目控制工程師projectcontrolsengineer/manager工地秘書sitesecretaryworkers分包公司sub-contractors專業(yè)分包specialistsub-contractor指定分包designatedsub-contractor/supplier供應商suppliers/vendors政府機構authorities/agentsheadquarters3.開工準備constructionpreparation進場做開工準備mobilizationpreparation場地平整siteleveling/landgrading清理腐土和植物removecultivationsoilandvegetation/sitecleaning受污染土壤contaminatedsoil受污染水pollutedwater/river/airpollution碎磚瓦礫，廢墟debris/garbage/rubbish/refuse地形地貌terrain搭建臨時設施setuptemporaryfacilities安排施工用水、用電、排污arrangeconstructionpower,water,sewage打樁機進場pilingmachinemoveinsite地質條件geologicalconditions/terrine開工會議(工程啟動會)projectkick-offmeeting永久水電permanentrwater/power開工典禮ground-breakingceremony開工典禮服務公司GBCserviceagent搭建主席臺/講臺setupastage/podium臨時棚temporaryshelter臨時停車場/道路temporaryparking/roads奠基石cornerstone(engravedwithprojectnameandground-breakingdate)鏟子shovels/spade奠基儀式inaugurationceremony出席嘉賓guests政府官員governmentofficials政府機構governmentalbureaus/agents施工許可證constructionpermit地質勘探geo-techsurvey/report紅線圖red-linemap(property-linemap)植物/花籃plants/flowerbouquet邀請函invitationcard/letter鞭炮crackers禮花firework紅地毯redcarpet發(fā)言speech發(fā)言人speaker發(fā)言稿speechscript禮物give-awaygifts著裝要求dresscode(晚宴裝blacktie，商務便裝businesscasual，便裝casual)禮儀小姐modelattendants/waitress/ritualgirls登記registration登記薄registrationbook/sing-inbook音響系統(tǒng)audiosystem麥克風microphone擴音器loudspeaker觀眾audience彩排rehearsal4.采購purchasing/procurement下定單placePO(purchasingorder)交貨期leadtime長交貨期材料longleadtimeitems催貨海關清關運送一批貨物倉庫提貨單信用證離岸價expeditingcustomsclearanceinlandtransportationshippingshipmentunloadingstorage/warehouseinventoryCIF(Cost,InsuranceandFreight)5.工地管理sitemanagement工地site/job-site現(xiàn)場管理sitemanagement場地布置sitelayout施工段segment/section分段施工segmentedconstruction施工區(qū)constructionzone生活區(qū)livingquarter/livingcompound物料倉儲區(qū)materialstorage/storageyard/logisticalcenter加工區(qū)fabricationyard現(xiàn)場辦公室siteoffices工人宿舍workers’dormitory門衛(wèi)間保安guardhouse/securityguard圍墻fence/boundaryfences進場準備mobilization/preparationforconstruction臨時水、電temporarypower&waterforconstruction臨時排污temporarysewagesystem工地標志sitesignage安全標志safetysigns/warningsigns安全生活用具safetyequipment手套gloves安全鞋safetyboots保險帶safetytie-back/harness急救箱first-aidkit擔架stretcher安全眼鏡safetyglasses/goggles工作服uniform焊工眼鏡面罩welder’smask監(jiān)工/工頭/組長superintendent/foreman安全拉桿safetybarrier安全帶子safetybanner(yellowbanner)吊車駕駛員craneoperator生產組constructioncrew施工記錄constructionrecord施工日記dailylog進度Progress進度報告Progressreport進度付款Progresspayment進度表Progressschedule進度趨勢Progresstrend/forecast工期schedule工期表schedulechart(MicrosoftProject)檢查check/inspect驗收inspection流程圖flowchart/flowdiagram施工計劃constructionplan/executionplan施工組織計劃constructionexecutionplan施工人員組織表siteorganizationchart管理人員managementstaffworkers/labor技術人員technicalstaff/engineers質量員qualityinspectorroutineoperation/dailyoperation常規(guī)施工作業(yè)conventionalprocess材料materialsequipment臨時堆放區(qū)temporarylay-downarea/storage生產設備（進口）臨時倉庫temporarystorageforimportedproductionequipment租賃的倉庫leasedwarehouse租金/月租金rental/monthlyrental樁臨時堆放區(qū)pilestorageyard評判標準完工hold-pointinspectionjudgmentstandardscomplete/completionfinalcompletion竣工驗收finalacceptanceinspection工期延誤scheduledelay超過預定工期aheadofschedule落后預定工期behindofschedule工程驗收記錄inspectionrecord隱蔽工程驗收記錄concealedworkinspectionrecord安全事故報告accidentreport入住關鍵途徑材料樣品樣品板通過拒收運行不正常move-in/occupancymaterialsampleaccepted/passeddeclined/rejectedmalfunction有缺陷的產品defective缺陷defectssubstandardproducts/sub-grade/off-gradeproduct/seconds變形deformation局布變形localdeformationdeflection卷曲變形warping/warpage翻邊turn-up/turn-overalongedge脫落/松動detachedcolordeterioration不均勻unevennesssandingwrinkling刮痕scratches裂縫crack/cracking/fracture細裂縫fissure漏水seepagewaterstain/watermarks平整度flatness光滑度smoothnesssagsandcrestsdimplesandnipples表面凹坑dent（被砸的）6.打樁及基礎工程piling&foundationwork運樁shippingofpiles樁臨時堆放區(qū)temporarylay-downyardforpiles樁的養(yǎng)護curing（所有混凝土的養(yǎng)護）澆制場地castingyard現(xiàn)場拌撓On-sitemixing開控excavation地溝ditch制作樁帽pile-cap模板formwork(steel,timber)支模板erectformwork鋼筋籠re-barcage扎鋼筋tiere-bar澆制casting澆制板，梁，柱cast/slab,beam,column澆混凝土poreconcrete緩凝劑retarder/retardingagent緩凝混凝土retardedcement按體積配料proportioningbyvolume散裝材料curing制作地梁castgroundbeams鋼結構預埋件cast-inanchorboltscompacting/compaction振動夯土機vibro-soilcompactor設備基礎productionequipmentfoundation地基處理soiltreatment/foundationtreatment壓密注漿injectiongroutingimperviouscourse/layersolecourse土工布geo-fabricgrouting地下水位undergroundwatertable預制樁打樁機piledriver/pilingmac起重機械lifting/appliance/equipment起重滑輪起重桿試樁抗撥試驗養(yǎng)護期地面以下地面以上liftingrod/suspenderpositioningpiletestingcuringtimebelowgroundlevel(±0.0abovegroundlevel7.地坪工程groundslab地板/樓板slab箍筋stirrup砼（混凝土）concrete碎石（骨料）aggregategravel大石塊cement地坪澆制groundslabcasting沙漿底層表面找平層surfacescreening表面封閉sealantwaterproofingmembraneNon-skidstrips(non-slip形容人)/cuts伸縮縫expansionjoint沉降縫settlementjoint表面硬化處理hardenedsurface地下管道預埋undergroundpipes(pre-buried)現(xiàn)場澆鑄cast-in-sites/cast-in-place/cast-in-situcollapse沉降settlement沉降觀測settlementsurvey坡道ramp/slope坡度gradeofslope/gradient管道溝8.鋼結構及磚石工程/結構工程stealstructure&masonrywork/structurework上部結構superstructure鋼結構steelstructure地腳螺栓anchorbolt/screw錨座anchorsocket螺紋screwthread預埋件cast-inanchor主立柱maincolumns柱子底座plinth次梁secondarybeams大梁girder工字鋼H-column/H-beam/I-beam/腹webplate/II雙腹double-webbed屋頂桁架rooftruss屋檐eaves飛檐cornice/upturnedeaves門、窗框架windowdoorframes壓條gasket/rubbergasket/bead金屬木板墻面板wallpanels屋面板roofpanels采光帶lightbelt/skylight/meltableskylightpanel彩鋼板steelsheet彩鋼板三明治板（中間有保溫）sandwichpanels拼接splice(splicejoint,splicedconnection,splicer)空間網架spacegird鋼絲網Barbedwire保溫層insulation(fiber表面鋼板skinsheet外層external室內exterior表面油漆處理surfacecoatingfire-proofcoatingparapetwallgable層面天溝roofgutterroofvalley落水管downspout/down暗雨水管concealedfallpipebalustrade落差fallinghead搭接lapconnection屋頂氣樓ventilationtower屋頂坡度pitchofroof緩坡屋面lowpitchedroof不上人屋面non-accessibleroof百葉窗l(fā)ouver(louverwindow)鋁合金門、窗aluminumdoors&windows氟碳烤柒鋁型材canopyawningFCP(fluorinecarbonaluminumextrusion雙層中空玻璃doubleglazing抗紫外線玻璃low-eglass緊固件fastener/fasteningbolt夾層mezzanine/mezzaninefloor人行橋cat-walk樓梯井staircasewell樓梯staircase(singleflight,doubleflight)螺旋式樓梯spiralstairs圓弧扶梯windingstairs車間workshop輔助建筑subsidiary/auxiliarybuildings裙房annex/podium局布承壓localbearing局布照明locallighting高桿照明highmastlighting9.磚石工程masonrywork水泥標號鋼筋大石塊道磚砂子混凝土鋼筋混凝土商品混凝土cementcementgrade(200300400)aggregatetimberconcretereinforcedconcrete(RC)Ready-mixed/plant–mi混凝土等級concretegrade(C20,C30,C40)混凝土坍落度試驗slumptest整體式混凝土monolithicconcrete整塊澆筑整體澆鑄砂漿砌筑混合比intermediatelayer砌塊墻人字輔砌丁磚砌合一丁一順砌合Flemishbond墻面照平抹灰plastering打磨polishing/sanding底漆primercoating門、窗框framesfordoorsandwindows/doorjamb/header地磚floortiles管線預埋管子wireduct/conduit排水系統(tǒng)drainagesystem檢修孔集水坑collectionhole/pit/sinkhole水管工程plumbingwork供水watersupply排水drainage/sewerage污水管sewer化糞池septictank過濾池filteringtank/filtrationtankreservoir排水孔drainhole/seweroutfall/sinkhole混凝土砌塊concreteblock砂漿水泥砂漿抹灰cementmortarplastering現(xiàn)澆梁/板cast-in-sitebeam/slab(=cast-in-situ)/castslab,castbeam,castcolumn污泥sludge淤泥，腐土mucksoil疏通河道dredge填塞，搗實tamping/stuff10.機電系統(tǒng)mechanical&electricalsystems設備安裝equipmentinstallation供電系統(tǒng)powersupplyanddistributionsystem變壓器transformer變電站powersub-station配電房powertransformerroom高壓電柜hi-voltageswitchgear低壓電柜low-voltageswitchgearcable(powercable)粗wire細cabletray母線槽配電板/箱distributionpanels/box信號線cable/signalcable(IT/電話/投影儀)網絡/通訊系統(tǒng)IT/telecomsystems]網絡中的結點node服務器server程控交換機programmedexchanger空調系統(tǒng)airconditioningsystem/AHU(airhandlingunit)冷凍機chiller中央空調centralizedACsystem溫度控制temperaturecontrol濕度控制humiditycontrol局布采暖localheating局布通風localventilation區(qū)域吸頂空調VRVceilingmountACunits獨立式空調free-standunit掛壁式空調wallmountunit控制板controlpad/thermostat遙控器remotecontrol冷媒管coolantpipe/coolingmedia冷凝水管condensationpipe冷凝器condenser風冷冷凝器aircooledcondenser空調出風口airoutlet散流器diffuser新風make-upair空氣壓縮機aircompressor壓縮空氣compressedair液壓電梯hydrauliclift快速滑升門fast-speedoverheaddoor紅外線感應infra-redsensor移門slidingdoor球閥ballvalve止回閥backwatervalve/non-returnvalve減壓閥reducingvalve溢流閥reliefvalve調節(jié)閥regulatingvalve加氣砼air-entrainedconcrete通風ventilation排廢氣exhaustion支撐柱bracingcolumn吊桿suspender/hanger支桿strut/tie泵殼pumpcase架板，腳手架gangboard大小頭變徑管reducer/reducing鍍鋅鐵管galvanizedironpipe銅管coppertube保護套管protectivesailing彈性縫resilientjoint花紋鋼板raffledplate基座pedestal柏油氈pitchedfelt白鐵皮galvanized陽極電鍍anodized鍍烙（克羅米）chromeplated法蘭flange環(huán)箍hoop/hoping/insulationblock墊圈彈簧墊圈washer/springwasher管套collar/sleeve90度接頭elbowconnector/bend三通Teejoint/connector壓力調節(jié)器pressureregulator預應力砼priestessesconcrete減震木墊woodencushionblock柴油diesel潤滑油lubricationoil汽油gasoline/gas絕緣子insulator11.消防系統(tǒng)fire-fightingsystem消防水管firewaterpipes消防水泵房pumproom消防栓firehydrant消火栓箱hosecabinet滅火器fireextinguisher噴淋頭sprinklerhead噴淋滅火系統(tǒng)sprinklingsystemsmokedetector壓力表備用發(fā)電機back-upgenerator緊急照明燈emergencylight疏散指示燈evacuationlight消防水池firewatertank消防驗收firemarshalinspection防火卷簾門firerollerdoor旋轉門revolvingdoorblast-resistantdoorsound-proofdoor彈簧門12.swingdoor廢水處理wastewatertreatment廢水處理站排水溝/管wastewatertreatmentdrainageditch/pipestation排水井drainagewell地漏drainer/drainhole沉淀池sedimentationtank管道溝沉積物sediment13.室內裝修interiordecoration/fit-out朝向orientation空房vacantroom概念設計schematicdesign平面布置floorlayout風水geomancy空間利用率spaceefficiency/floorefficiency門廊（室外）porch走廊過道passage/walkway背景墻logowall接待大廳lobby接待臺receptiondesk辦公區(qū)office=open坐位間過道aisle/walkway走廊hallway/corridor小辦公室privateoffice/manager’soffice會議室meetingroom/conferenceroom公共洗手間commonwashingroom茶水間pantry/tearoom/coffeeroom辦公隔斷單元cubical/workstation辦公桌隔斷workstationcubicalpartitionpartitionwall/drywall/gypsumboard/frames/ribs輕剛龍骨lightgaugesteeljoist承重墻玻璃隔斷護墻板墻裙文件柜文印間食物準備間清洗間更衣間掛衣柜擱板掛衣桿衣架壁櫥茶水柜展示柜展示架單人沙發(fā)長沙發(fā)沙發(fā)床休閑椅壁爐露天大平臺清潔工人房娛樂設施健身房地磚?；卮u墻磚latticewindowfilecabinetprintingandfaxingroomfoodpreparationroomwashingroomwardrobe/built-inwardrobeshelvesclosetcanteen/kitchencounter/islandcountercupboard/wall-hungcupboard/wall-mountedcupboarddisplayshelvesfurniturearmchairsofa/couchdavenport/divanbedfireplaceterracerecreationfacilitygym/fitnesscenterfloortilePVCfloortilevitrifiedfloortileceramictileanti-sliptileanti-slipanti-abrasion/anti-frictionceramictile防靜電架空地板anti-staticraisedfloor地毯carpet/carpettile(塊毯)/wall-to-wall(全鋪)地毯底襯under-layer/lining承重墻bearingwalls/partitions非承重墻non-bearingwallhollowcorewall螺紋接連nipplejoint六角螺栓invertedarch懸掛腳手架hangingscaffold硬木板條地板hardwoodstripfloor樓板樓層floor樓梯staircasesingleflight雙距doubleflight旋轉樓梯windingstair樓梯間staircase樓梯井elevatorshaft垃圾滑道井扶手tread側踏步休息平臺入口出口entrance/exit吊頂(600x600)suspensionceiling/suspendedceilingceilingjoist/subjoint/suspender/double-nead/T-jointT形龍骨石膏板gypsumboard石膏板吊頂gypsumboardsuspensionceiling造型吊頂featuredsuspensionceiling裝飾板ornamentalboard裝飾柱ornamentalcolumn鑲邊挑檐overhangingeavessuspender/hanger(斜inclined硬stiff軟flexible)照明燈具lightingfixtureceilingmount/ceiling-hung/ceilinghanging工礦燈workshoplightfluorescentlamp泛光燈floodlight(外墻、廣告牌)incandescentlight低壓鹵鎢燈low-voltagetungstenhalogenlampneontube乳白燈泡天花嵌入式射燈recessedspotlightinceiling高壓汞燈射燈可調節(jié)方向射燈directionalspotlight燈帶lighttroughconcealedlighttrough水晶吊燈掛壁燈torchswitch聲控開關soundcontrolswitch/acousticcontrolswitch雙向開關插座socket/outlet接線板可調節(jié)亮度開關dimmer/dimmerswitch線槽/管地插座powersocket/poweroutletIT/telephonesocketduct/conduitfloorembeddedsocket防觸電式電源插座groundfaultinterruptoutlet雙電源插座dualvoltageoutlet復式插座duplexoutlet(2pin/3pincombina轉換插頭adaptorconcealedwiringTVantennaoutlet/cableTVoutlet保險絲箱平開窗windowsill/elbowboardrollershutterwindowcasement/sashside-hungwindow/doorwindowopening/windowcasingsinglesashedwindow/casement雙窗doublesashedwindow/casementweathertightwindow防眩眩玻璃glarecontrolglass防潮水泥墊層moisture-proof/damp-proofcementbedding貓眼slidingdoor/panel旋轉門revolvingdoorsound-proofdoorblast-resistantdoorweathertightwindowskylight/skylightbelt老虎窗dormerwindowslidetrack滑軌條supporthanger平頭flushbuttscrew平頭釘平面框架planeframetimberdoor/woodendoor木貼面門timberveneervaporbarrierhardware/ironmongery配件accessoriesdoorcloser鉸鏈、合頁把手/鎖榫頭榫頭/榫眼plugtenon(tail)/eye(socket)燕尾榫dovetail人字榫recessed/flushmount外緊固式插銷助推助拉鉸鏈inject/ejecthinge移門slidingdoor移門軌道（上，下）rail,track窗戶滑軌guidebead地彈簧floorspring窗鉤windowcatch踢腳線skirting/skirt凸陽臺馬桶隔間衛(wèi)生潔具手紙器擦手紙盒cantileverbalconytoiletsanitarywareroll-tissuedispenserpapertoweldispenser洗手盆及龍頭washingbasinandfaucet/washingbow拖把洗槽mopwashingsink沖淋房showerroomtoilet、watercloset(WC)蹲便器手動sensorcontrolled/automatic拉手杠肥皂盒液體肥皂器liquidsoapdispenser毛巾架毛巾桿鋼性吊桿rigidhanger/stiffhanger可伸縮涼衣繩retractablewashingline浴缸龍頭沖淋房showerchamber沖淋頭沖淋器showertower洗手盆washingbasindepositofscale/scale(硬皮的)/gunk(粘軟的)垃圾桶存水trap壁掛歷式取暖器wallradiator木材timber木飾面板woodveneer木紋理grain三聚氰胺貼面刨花板MFC(melaminefacedchipboard)不銹鋼stainlesssteel(sss)纖維板鋼化玻璃temperedglass/annealedglass噴砂玻璃frostedglass/sandblastedglass透明玻璃clearglass有色玻璃tintedglass有機玻璃plexiglass水磨石terrazzo人造大理石imitationmarble花崗巖granite表面紋理texture粗面磚texturetile/roughsurface大石礫gravel大石塊boulder光澤gloss/glossiness水磨石terrazzo框飾finishcasing復合板laminatedwoodboard安全玻璃laminatedglass丙烯酸底涂acrylicprimer乳膠涂料latexpaint/emulsionpaint(室外墻面厚)環(huán)氧涂料epoxycoating(地面)自流坪self-levelingepoxycoating底漆primer/undercoating瓷釉漆enamelpaint丙烯涂料acrylicpaint溝縫caulking勾縫Pointing/pointingjoint勾縫料Pointingstuff勾縫刀Pointingtrowel油灰縫Puttingjoint澆筑縫Jointbetweencastporing抹灰plastering(墻面砂漿抹灰)抹灰面plasterfinishing復合地板laminatedtimberfloor擱柵（龍骨）joist消音板acousticpanels窗臺板elbowboardofwindow/windowsill窗簾blinds/curtain/drapery/shade電動窗簾motorizeddrapery空心抹灰hollowplastering(不好)刮平抹平striking填縫sealcrakes/joints大理石貼面marblefacing企口拼接matchjoint企口地板matchedfloor盆景miniaturegarden微裂縫micro-fissuring假窗mockwindow護角條cornerbead開槽磚notchedtile懸挑板overhangingslab架空線overheadlinepipe切口，凹口notch層理lamination裝玻璃工作glazing花邊lacework踢腳板kickpanel/kickingpanel/skirting螺旋彈簧helicalspring拼花地板overlayflooring/matchedfloor鋪設管道layingpipes找平/刮平leveling找平層levelingcourse鎖緊力，咬合力lockingforce修邊incisedengraving焊腳照明帶lightband/troughlightgaugesheet石灰漿灰土墊層lime-soilcushion外墻面facade玻璃幕墻curtainwall鋁型材aluminumextrusion氟碳烤柒fluorinecarbonpaint(FCP)硅膠siliconglue/silica橡皮墊圈、壓條rubbergasket上下推開關窗sashwindow中空玻璃double-glazing安全玻璃（夾膠玻璃）laminatedglass外掛包裹干掛濕掛龍骨架定位卡mosquitoscreendryfixingwetfixingjoistframe分割線/分隔溝divisionjoint重疊overlap墻面抹灰壓角條plasterstop拼縫條splicingplate錯位拼接staggeredjoint/alternatejoint嵌入（固定）built-in埋入的（小件）embedded(socketbox)(anchorholts)groove切口槽邊緣切口reveal(alongedge)企口flange/raisededge槽條channel木線條moldedstrip一般的/architrave帶造型嵌縫的小條子calkingstrip耐磨涂料highresistancepaint防霉涂料mildewresistantpaint防潮涂料damp-proofcoating防腐涂料corrosion-proofcoating防水涂層waterproofcoating節(jié)能材料energy-savingproducts/materials防腐材料preservingmaterial環(huán)保材料environmentfriendlyproducts(greenproducts)拉毛抹灰stucco混水油漆opaquetimberfinish(painting)清漆varnish/lacquerpaint防潮漆damp-proofpaint防銹漆anti-rustpaint瓦棱板（波浪板）corrugatedglass/panel半亞光涂料semi-glosslatexpaint噴砂玻璃opaque/sand-blasted/frozenglass砂紙sand-paper金屬板吊頂metalpanelceiling鋁合金aluminumalloy刨花板shavings鋁塑板Alucbond(alumandplasticlaminatedboard)人造大理石artificialmarble木貼面夾板plywoodwithwoodveneer木材紋理櫻桃木cherrywood橡木櫸木beechwood黑胡桃木darkwood樹脂polyurethane(PU)表面質感surfacetexture耐用性durabilitydooraccesscontrolsystem刷卡器卡combination紅外線感應探頭infra-redmotionsensor/detector監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)surveillancesystem后現(xiàn)代傳統(tǒng)經典新潮流行前衛(wèi)落后潮流中國元素新古典主義粗壙步行街裝飾品pseudo-classicmodern/contemporarypost-modernreconstructionconservativetraditionalclassicalfashionable/trendycutting-edgeout-of-fashionedChinaelements/flavorsreliefsculptureneo-classicalsimpleandelegantornament14.施工工具tools/施工設備constructionmachinery打樁機piledriver打夯機rammer挖土機excavator推土機bulldozer(履帶式crawler)鉆孔機boringmachines砼攪拌車concreteagitatingtruck鏟車dumper翻斗卡車dumpertrack小翻斗車skipcar漏斗funnel/silo裝料斗hopper塔吊crane履帶式起重機caterpillarcrane起重半徑錘夯hammertamping起重設備hoistingequipment起重葫蘆手拉葫蘆卷揚機cablehoist/cablecrane/winchinghoist/winch龍門吊gantrycrane龍門架portalframeoverheadtravelingcrane腳手架scaffolding/scaffold混凝土攪拌車/機concretemixer/concretetruck卡車truck混凝土振搗機concretevibrator壓縮空氣機aircompressor氧氣瓶oxygencylinderweldingmachine亞弧焊機arcweldingmachine火焰切割flamecutting千斤頂jackweldingrod鎢絲條tungsten超載overload錘子hammer鉆槍、沖擊鉆/電鉆impactdrill/powerdrill板手wrench鑿子chisel風鉆pneumaticdrill螺栓、螺帽boltsandnuts自攻螺絲self-tappingscrew螺絲刀screwdriver平頭鉚釘flushheadrivet鋼筋彎折機angle-bender/barbender老虎鉗pincer/clamp夾子clamp烙焊lapwelding榫接mortisejoint木工carpenter刮刀chaser超聲波探傷ultrasonicdetection15.室外工程yardwork/externalwork伸縮縫expansionjoint圍墻fence/boundaryfence臨時板圍墻hoarding（施工用）格柵圍墻grillfence樹籬笆hedge一磚墻onebrickwall紅外線探頭infra-redmotionsensor道路照明燈roadlight停車場parking/parkinglot臨時警戒圍欄hurdle架空管道hangedpipe防滑條non-slipstrip人/nonskidstrips車踏步前緣nosing卸貨平臺loading/unloadingdock升降機dockleveler滑升門overheaddoor轉彎半徑turningradius減小彎度reducesharpness柏油碎石路tarmacroad柏油路tarroad碎石拼的路面crazypaving毛石墻毛石護坡化學品倉庫chemicalstorage高壓電房powerstation/transformerroomstake/chimneyautomaticslidingdoor手動移門manualslidingdoor伸縮門articulatedslidingdoor帶遙控withremotecontrol雨水管、落管downspout/downpipe旗桿側石人行道sidewalk溢水溝spillway路邊窨井underdrain/undergroundsewersinkhole混凝土路面concretepavement路面標志trafficcontrollines/marks道路分隔線lanedivisionlines斑馬線zebracrossing檢修孔man-hole種花種草種植土施肥landscapingturftopsoilfertilizing跟土護樹桿修剪常青樹灌木叢香樟樹梧桐樹楓樹柳樹棕呂黃楊樹銀杏樹竹子綠化帶樹籬笆灌溉系統(tǒng)草地燈sowingweedingseedinggerminationstakeandtietrimevergreenshrubstreesshrubsshrubberycamphortreephoenixtreemapletreewillowpoplartreePalmtreecypresswhitepoplartreegingkotreewaterfountainirrigationsystem16.生產工藝設備productionequipment定型機stenterjet汽蒸機steamerwashingmachine蒸化定型機fixingmachine平網印花機逆流漂洗機ropewashingmachine烘干機dryer打卷機裝配assemble拆開disassemble設備調試testingandcommissioning試運行travelingcrane振動vibration/shakingvibrationabsorber/vibrationisolator顆粒粉末碎片塊chunkscoaring堿減量weightreduction堿性的alkaline配色間后整理(開幅定型)finishingfixingshrinkage耐磨損chromeacid-resistance/acid-resistingheat-resistingabrasionresistinginflammablecombustibleair-tight/weathertightdyestuff布匹軟化水再生水yarnweavingfabricsoftenedwaterreclaimedwater熱能回收再利用reclaimthesurplusheat循環(huán)利用洗滌劑小蘇打導熱油燒堿冰醋酸硫化硫酸鈉催化劑稀釋劑均染劑絮凝劑增稠劑低度酸輔助劑保濕劑滲透劑柔軟劑分散劑尿素混合結露揮發(fā)余熱管道閥門漏斗貨架框架泵排氣管道hydrolysisacidulationdetergentheat-exchangeoilcausticsodaglacialaceticacidsodiumhyposulfideethyleneethanepolyethylenepolyvinylchloridecatalyst/catalyticagentthinnerequalizingagentthickenerauxiliarieswettingagentpenetratingagentsoftenerdispersantagentcondensationevaporationfreezerpipingvalvesiloframepumpexhaustduct天然氣熱供站potablewater/tapwatersteamthermalplant\排風口exhaustoutletpad/cushion軟的墊塊flange集裝箱卡車containertruck集裝箱container(40ft,20ft)地下電纜地下埋管forklift手推托盤叉車palletcart枕木woodensleeper墊塊footer/baseplate/pad傳送帶conveyerbelt彎度sharpness封住sealoff17.工程檢測testing&survey測量儀器surveyinstrument測繪surveyingandmapping經緯儀theodolite/transit經緯儀測量transitsurvey光學經緯儀opticaltransit水平儀levelgauge/level大地基準點geodesicdatum大地測量基線geodesicbaseline大地測量坐標geodesiccoordinates基準點無損檢驗恢復non-destructivedetection放樣，放線，定樁staking/settingout/settingout放線setting-out基礎放線settingoutoffoundation定線樁settingoutstake/rod/pin標樁線stake-line測量標桿三角架tripods測角儀angletester/angulometer測距離distancefinding/ranging測量點error/deviation允許誤差allowabledeviation/tolerance/permittolerancecalibration校正、對正直線alignment歐洲規(guī)范最小值最大值平均誤差強度極限偏移數據記錄坐標坐標網格對稱對稱軸平行水平/垂直傾斜的斜的斜旋桿斜拉繩倒了核磁共振儀屏蔽門集中質量崩坡，坍方elevationstandardcode/codesChinesecodesEuropeancodesparametersminimummaximumadditiondeductiontesting/testingreportlimitofstrengthdeflectioncoordinatecoordinategridsymmetricsymmetricaxisperpendicularhorizontal/verticaltiltedinclinedsuspenderinclinedcablesloped/slopedroofNMR(nuclear-magneticreactor)shieldingdoor18.商務及合同commercial&contract超支over-run盈余under-run估價costestimate降低成本lowercost/cutcost優(yōu)化設計optimizedesign降低等級/標準lowergrade/standard投標bidding/tendering短名單short-list總包generalcontracting分包sub-letting機密confidential合同條款contractclauses變更variation/changes變更指令changeorder固定總價fixedlumpsumpri暫定價provisionalsum談判negotiation讓步compromise合同更改revision/revisedversion保險insurance第三方責任險thirdpartyliability工程一切險builder’sall-risk履約保函performancebond付款保函paymentbond現(xiàn)金抵押cashcollateral付款payment滯納金/質保金retentionmoney(5%)進度付款progresspayment質保期warrantee工期延后scheduleextension分歧/爭端dispute/disagreement文件相互矛盾contradictory文件不一致適用法律補充/增補達成一致discrepancyapplicablelawsappendixaddendumreachanagreement合同文本contractdocument法人代表legalrepresentative付款請求paymentapplication/requestcheck合同印章companyseal/stamp法人章sealoflegalrepresentative財務章financialstamp銀行帳號章bankaccountnumberstamp銀行轉賬banktransfer合同中止suspensionofcontract合同終止terminationofcontract不可抗力forcemajeure索賠通知變更索賠variationclaimfinalclosing/liquidation違約breachthecontract/violet仲裁arbitration律師lawyer/attorneycourt稅收taxes公司開支overhead開銷/開支expenses加費利未付款outstandingpayment帳面結余accountbalance工程量摘列take-off19.圖紙及設計designanddrawings平面布置圖layoutplan總平面圖masterlayoutplan透視圖perspective