（英語）高二英語閱讀理解(人生百味)技巧(很有用)及練習(xí)題一、高中英語閱讀理解人生百味類1．閱讀理解

Expertsnotethatanunhealthylifestylecanputyouatgreatriskofheartdiseaseandstroke.Sodoctorsurgeustoeathealthyfoods,getexercise,stopsmokingandlimitouralcoholintake.Butthereissomethingelseyoucando.Anditisfreeandeasy.Smile!

Dr.Chockalingam,aheartdiseasespecialistinColumbia,adviseshispatientstosmile.Hesaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelpyourheart."Whenwesmile,thebrainwiringchanges.Thechemicalsthatarereleasedaremorepositive."Hesayssmilingisthefirststepinfightingphysicalandemotionalstressanditssometimesharmfuleffectsonhumanhealth.ThisisnotjustNewAgeadvice.Severalstudiessupporthisopinion.

Whenyoufeelstressedorunderpressure,yourbodyreleasesmanynaturalhormones(荷爾蒙)includingadrenalineandcortisol.Adrenalineincreasesyourheartrateandbloodpressure.Cortisolisthebody'smainstresshormone.Itincreasessugarinthebloodstream.Ifyouaretrulyindanger,thesehormonescanhelpyou.Theyarepartofwhatwecallourfight-or-flightresponse.

However,whenwearestressedforalongperiod,thesestresshormonesareever-presentinourbodies.Andthat,medicalresearcherswarn,mayleadtohealthproblems.

Researcherssaytheconnectionbetweenstressandheartdiseaseisstillunclear.However,theyclaimthatwhenpeoplearestressedforlongperiodsoftime,theymayhaveanunhealthylifestyle,whichcanleadtohealthproblems.

Dr.Chockalingamsaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelp.Hetellshispatientstosmile20timesanhour.Tosome,thatmightseemlikealotofsmiling.Orsomemightevenfeelfoolish...smilingforseeminglynoreason.Butasmiledoesnotinvolvedrugs.Itisnotinvasivelikeasurgicaloperation.Itisfreeandithasnobadsideeffects.

"Oncepeoplesmile,theyarerelaxing.Thisrelaxationdirectlylowersbloodpressure,improvessugarlevelsintheblood.Ifwearesmiling,wearebreakingthatlinkbetweenstressandhealth."Anditjustmayprovidealittleextraprotectiontoeveryone'shearthealth.（1）WhichofthefollowingagreeswithDr.Chockalingam'sopinion?A.Smilehasthesameeffectsaslaughter.B.Smilecanbeusedtotaketheplaceofmedicine.C.Smileisbetterthananyhealthylifestyletohealth.D.Smilecanmakeourbodyproducebeneficialchemicals.（2）Whatcanweknowaboutthementionedstresshormones?A.Theycanlowerourbloodpressure.B.Theywillsurelyleadtoheartdiseases.C.Theycanbenefituswhenweareindanger.D.Theywillmakeusliveanunhealthylifestyle.（3）WhydoesDr.Chockalingamthinksmilingishelpfultoourhealth?A.Itcanmakeusrelax.B.Itincreasessugarlevels.C.Ithaslittlebadsideeffects.D.Itcanhappenfornoreason.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AThoroughAnalysisoftheCausesofHeartDiseasesB.OneThingYouCanDoRightNowtoHelpYourHeartC.OneThingThatIsCloselyConnectedwithStressHormonesD.TheClearConnectionBetweenUnhealthyLifestylesandHeartDiseases【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，哥倫比亞的心臟病專家Chockalingam博士建議多保持微笑，他認(rèn)為微笑可能是幫助心臟的一種方式。同時說明了微笑有利于健康的原因和人們感到壓力時的身體反應(yīng)等情況。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whenwesmile,thebrainwiringchanges.Thechemicalsthatarereleasedaremorepositive.”當(dāng)我們微笑時，大腦的線路會發(fā)生變化。釋放出的化學(xué)物質(zhì)更積極?？芍?，Chockalingam博士認(rèn)為微笑能使我們的身體產(chǎn)生有益的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ifyouaretrulyindanger,thesehormonescanhelpyou.”如果你真的有危險，這些荷爾蒙會幫助你?？芍?，當(dāng)我們處于危險中時，壓力荷爾蒙可以幫助我們。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ifwearesmiling,wearebreakingthatlinkbetweenstressandhealth.Anditjustmayprovidealittleextraprotectiontoeveryone'shearthealth.”如果我們微笑，我們就打破了壓力和健康之間的聯(lián)系。而且它可能會為每個人的心臟健康提供一點(diǎn)額外的保護(hù)?？芍?，Chockalingam博士認(rèn)為微笑可以使我們放松，從而有利于我們的健康。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Dr.Chockalingam,aheartdiseasespecialistinColumbia,adviseshispatientstosmile.Hesaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelpyourheart.”哥倫比亞的心臟病專家Chockalingam博士建議他的病人保持微笑。他說，微笑可能是幫助心臟的一種方式。以及結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容主要介紹了微笑能夠讓我們放松進(jìn)而有利于我們的健康，所以要健康那就要多微笑，所以選B?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

AtopalmosteveryTokyovisitor'smust-seelist,Harajukuisoneofthecity'smostnamed-checkedneighborhoods.Here'saquicklookatsomeofthehighlightseveryHarajukuvisitorshouldexperience.

TakeshitaStreet

Thefirstthingyou'regoingtowanttodoisgetsuckedintothevortexofTakeshitaStreet,thebestplacetotrypurikuruphotoboothsandobservethelatestcosplaytrends-fromCothicLolitatocyberpunk.

WEGOisapopularfashionchainofferingthelatesttrendsandasectionforvintageclothes.Tutuannaiswhereyoucanfindinterestingsocksthatwilladdanampledoseofkawaiitoyouroutfit.

CatStreet

CatStreetismorerelaxingplacetostrollandshop,withstoresfocusingonhigher-endbrands.

RAGTAGisthebestplacetofindsecond-handitems.HarajukuChicagoboastsawidevarietyofvintageclothes,includingbaseballteamhappicoatsandtraditionalkimonos.

OmotesandoAvenue

AnotherfamousshoppingstreetOmotesandoAvenueisalarge,tree-linedthoroughfarethatcutsthroughHarajukuandisfilledwithhundredsofshopsandrestaurants.

SukajyanDept,atinysouvenirjacketstore,ispackedwiththeworksofKenKakinuma.TOKYUPlazaOmotesandoHarajukuiswhereyou'llfindthatfamousmirroredentrancewaythatsomanytravelersshareontheinternet.（1）Ifyouwanttobuyvintageclothing,whereshouldyougo?A.WEGO&Tutuanna.B.SukajyanDept&RAGTAG.C.WEGO&HarajukuChicago.D.RAGTAG&HarajukuChicago.（2）WhenvisitingOmotesandoAvenue,youmay

.A.buyinterestingsocks.B.takearelaxingwalk.C.trypurikuraphotobooths.D.postthemirroredentrancewayonline.（3）Whichsectionofthewebsitemaythetextbechosenfrom?A.Travel.B.Business.C.Entertainment.D.Fashion.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了東京原宿三條著名的商業(yè)街及其特色。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TakeshitaStreet部分中的”WEGOisapopularfashionchainoffering...vintageclothes”可知，WEGO銷售老式衣服；根據(jù)CatStreet部分中的“HarajukuChicagoboastsawidevarietyofvintageclothes”可知，HarajukuChicago也賣老式衣服。故選C。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)OmotesandoAvenue部分中的”TokyuPlazaOmotesandoHarajukuis...thatsomanytravelersshareontheInternet”可知，原宿表參道東急購物中心是許多游客在網(wǎng)上分享的著名的有鏡子的入口的地方?？赏浦?，在參觀表參道大街的時候，你可能做的事情是找到在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布有鏡子的入口。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的”AtopalmosteveryTokyovisitor'smust-seelist”和”everyHarajukuvisitorshouldexperience”和下文的內(nèi)容可知，本文主要為旅游者介紹東京原宿的旅游商業(yè)街?？芍疚目赡苓x自網(wǎng)站的旅游版塊。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

WhenIwasnineyearsold,Ilovedtogofishingwithmydad.Buttheonlythingthatwasn'tveryfunaboutitwasthathecouldcatchmanyfishwhileIcouldn'tcatchanything.Iusuallygotprettyupsetandkeptaskinghimwhy.Healwaysanswered,"Son,ifyouwanttocatchafish,youhavetothinklikeafish."Irememberbeingevenmoreupsetthenbecause,"I'mnotafish!"Ididn'tknowhowtothinklikeafish.Besides,Ireasoned,howcouldwhatIthinkinfluencewhatafishdoes?

AsIgotalittleolderIbegantounderstandwhatmydadreallymeant.So,Ireadsomebooksonfish.AndIevenjoinedthelocalfishingclubandstartedattendingthemonthlymeetings.Ilearnedthatafishisacold-bloodedanimalandthereforeisverysensitivetowatertemperature.Thatiswhyfishprefershallowwatertodeepwaterbecausetheformeriswarmer.Besides,waterisusuallywarmerindirectsunlightthanintheshade.Yet,fishdon'thaveanyeyelids(眼皮)andthesunhurtstheireyes.ThemoreIunderstoodfish,themoreIbecameeffectiveatfindingandcatchingthem.

WhenIgrewupandenteredthebusinessworld,Irememberhearingmyfirstbosssay,"Weallneedtothinklikesalespeople."Butitdidn'tcompletelymakesense.Mydadneveroncesaid,"Ifyouwanttocatchafishyouneedtothinklikeafisherman."Whathesaidwas,"Youneedtothinklikeafish."Yearslater,withgreateffortstopromotelong-termservicestopeoplemucholderandricherthanme,Igraduallylearnedwhatweallneedistothinkmorelikecustomers.Itisnotaneasyjob.Iwillshowyouhowinthefollowingchapters.（1）Whywastheauthorupsetinfishingtripswhenhewasnine?A.

Hecouldnotcatchafish.

B.

Hisfatherwasnotpatientwithhim.C.

Hisfatherdidnotteachhimfishing.

D.

Hecouldnotinfluenceafishashisfatherdid.（2）Whatdidtheauthor'sfatherreallymeanbysaying"tothinklikeafish"?A.

Toreadaboutfish.

B.

Tolearnfishingbyhimself.C.

Tounderstandwhatfishthink.

D.

Tostudymoreaboutfish.（3）Accordingtotheauthor,fisharemostlikelytobefound

.A.

indeepwateronsunnydays

B.

indeepwateroncloudydaysC.

inshallowwaterundersunlight

D.

inshallowwaterunderwatersidetrees（4）Afterenteringthebusinessworld,theauthorfound

.A.

iteasytothinklikeacustomer

B.

hisfather'sfishingadviceinspiringC.

hisfirstboss'ssalesideasreasonable

D.

itdifficulttosellservicestopoorpeople（5）Thispassagemostlikelycomesfrom

.A.

afishingguide

B.

abookaboutsalesC.

anovelonchildhood

D.

amillionaire'sstory【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D（4）B（5）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者小時候同父親釣魚，作者父親的關(guān)于釣魚的建議給了作者在釣魚，尤其是后來的銷售工作中的一些啟示。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“WhenIwasnineyearsold,Ilovedtogofishingwithmydad.Buttheonlythingthatwasn'tveryfunaboutitwasthathecouldcatchmanyfishwhileIcouldn'tcatchanything.Iusuallygotprettyupsetandkeptaskinghimwhy.”當(dāng)我九歲的時候，我喜歡和我爸爸一起去釣魚。但唯一不好玩的是，他能釣到很多魚，而我卻什么也抓不到。我通常很沮喪，不停地問他為什么。可知我沮喪是因?yàn)槲易ゲ坏紧~，故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。第二段講述的

是隨著我慢慢長大，我理解了父親的話，于是我買了很多關(guān)于魚的書和參加關(guān)于魚的俱樂部和會議去了解魚的特點(diǎn)及習(xí)性，可推斷作者的父親的話的含義就是要想抓到魚就應(yīng)該多研究魚，了解魚，故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thatiswhyfishprefershallowwatertodeepwaterbecausetheformeriswarmer.Besides,waterisusuallywarmerindirectsunlightthanintheshade.Yet,fishdon'thaveanyeyelids(眼皮)andthesunhurtstheireyes.”這就是為什么魚喜歡淺水而不是深水，因?yàn)榍罢弑容^溫暖。此外，在陽光直射下，水通常比在陰涼處溫暖。然而，魚沒有任何眼皮和太陽傷害他們的眼睛。根據(jù)作者對魚的研究，可知在水邊樹下的淺水中更容易找到魚，故選D。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Mydadneveroncesaid,‘Ifyouwanttocatchafishyouneedtothinklikeafisherman.’Whathesaidwas,‘Youneedtothinklikeafish.”Yearslater,withgreateffortstopromotelong-termservicestopeoplemucholderandricherthanme,Igraduallylearnedwhatweallneedistothinkmorelikecustomers.’”我爸爸從來沒有說過，“如果你想釣一條魚，你需要像漁夫一樣思考?！彼f，“你需要像魚一樣思考?！睅啄旰?，努力為比我年長和富有得多的人推廣長期服務(wù)，我逐漸了解到我們需要的是像顧客那樣去思考。由此可知，父親的話對我后來的銷售工作有著很大的影響，因此推斷作者父親釣魚的建議對作者很有啟發(fā)，故選B。（5）考查推理判斷。本文主要講述作者小時候同父親釣魚，作者父親的關(guān)于釣魚的建議給了作者在釣魚，尤其是后來的銷售工作中的一些啟示。作者寫釣魚主要也是想表達(dá)作者父親的建議對作者后來銷售工作的啟發(fā)，因此可推斷這篇文章可能來自關(guān)于銷售的書，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Wecanachieveknowledgeeitheractivelyorpassively.Weachieveitactivelybydirectexperience,bytestingandprovinganidea,orbyreasoning.

Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive.Weareusedtopassivelearning,andit'snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers.Unfortunately,passivelearninghasaseriousproblem.Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsayandrumor.

DidyoueverplaythegameRumor?Itbeginswhenonepersonwritesdownamessagebutdoesn'tshowittoanyone.Thenthepersonwhispersit,wordforword,toanotherperson.Thatperson,inturn,whispersittostillanother,andsoon,throughallthepeopleplayingthegame.Thelastpersonwritesdownthemessagewordforwordasheorshehearsit.Thenthetwowrittenstatementsarecompared.Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged.

That'swhathappensindailylife.Thesimplefactthatpeoplerepeatastoryintheirownwordschangesthestory.Then,too,mostpeoplelistentoimproveonit,stamping(打上標(biāo)記)itwiththeirownpersonalstyle.Yetthosewhohearitthinktheyknow.

Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors:Astatementofopinionbyonewritermaybere-statedasfactbyanother,whomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother;andthisprocessmaycontinue,unlessitoccurstosomeonetoquestionthefactsonwhichtheoriginalwriterbasedhisopinionortochallengetheinterpretationheplaceduponthosefacts.（1）Accordingtothepassage,whatsituationmaypassivelearningoccurin?A.

Doingamedicalexperiment

B.

SolvingamathproblemC.

Visitinganexhibition

D.

Doingscientificreasoning（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2refersto?A.

Activelearning

B.

Knowledge

C.

Communication

D.

Passivelearning（3）WhydoestheauthormentionsthegameRumor?A.

Toshowthatamessagemaybechangedwhenbeingpassedon.B.

Toshowthatamessageshouldbedeliveredindifferentways.C.

Toshowthatpeoplemayhaveproblemswiththeirsenseofhearing.D.

Toshowthatpeopletendnottobelieveinwhattheyknowasrumor.（4）Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.

Activelearningislessimportant.

B.

Passivelearningmaynotbereliable.C.

Activelearningoccursmorefrequently.

D.

Passivelearningisnotfoundamongscholars.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要主要介紹了被動獲得知識所存在的一個嚴(yán)重的問題——被告知的可能是謠言。并用現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中簡單的事說明。（1）推理判斷題。由文章第二段weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVofreadnewspaperormagazinesispassive可知被動學(xué)習(xí)是通過別人告訴獲取知識，而A做實(shí)驗(yàn)；B解決數(shù)學(xué)問題；D做科學(xué)推理都是主動學(xué)習(xí)，故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)it所在句Weareusedtopassivelearning,andit'snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers可知這我們依賴的是前句所提的被動學(xué)習(xí)，故選D。（3）推理判斷題。通過第三段最后一句Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged.可知人們傳遞信息到最后時，信息原始的意思已經(jīng)改變了。和第二段最后一句話

Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsayandrumor.它讓我們更傾向于接受我們被告知的事物，有時候甚至是傳聞或者謠言?？芍恼孪胍嬖V我們信息在傳遞的過程中發(fā)生了變化。故選A。（4）推理判斷題。A、C兩個選項(xiàng)說的是主動學(xué)習(xí)，文中沒有提到，D選項(xiàng)說被動學(xué)習(xí)在學(xué)者中不會出現(xiàn)，這和最后一段第一句

Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors不符合，而根據(jù)第二段和第三段可知人們傳遞信息到最后時，信息的原始意思已經(jīng)改變了，故得出被動學(xué)習(xí)不可靠，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及推理判斷題，需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出所需要的信息，也可以利用排除法，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，排除錯誤選項(xiàng)。5．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

DidyouknowthatAlbertEinsteincouldnotspeakuntilhewasfouryearsold,andcouldnotreaduntilhewasseven?Hisparentsandteachersworriedabouthismentalability.

Beethoven'smusicteachersaidabouthim,"Asacomposer(作曲家)heishopeless."Whatifthisyoungboyhadbelievedit?

WhenThomasEdisonwasayoungboy,histeacherssaidhewassostupidthathecouldneverlearnanything.Heoncesaid,"IrememberIusedtoneverbeabletogetalongatschool.Iwasalwaysatthefootofmyclass...MyfatherthoughtIwasstupid,andIalmostdecidedthatIwasastupidperson."WhatifyoungThomashadbelievedwhattheysaidabouthim?

Whenthesculptor(雕刻家)AugusteRodinwasyoung,hehaddifficultylearningtoreadandwrite.Today,wemaysayhehadalearningdisability.Hisfathersaidofhim,"Ihaveanidiot(白癡)forason."Hisuncleagreed."He'suneducable,"hesaid.WhatifRodinhaddoubtedhisability?

WaltDisneywasoncefiredbyanewspapereditorbecausehewasthoughttohaveno"goodideas".EnricoCarusowastoldbyonemusicteacher,"Youcan'tsing.Youhavenovoiceatall."AndaneditortoldLouisaMayAlcottthatshewasunabletowriteanythingthatwouldhavepopularappeal.

Whatifthesepeoplehadlistenedandbecomediscouraged?WherewouldourworldbewithoutthemusicofBeethoven,theartofRodinortheideasofAlbertEinsteinandWaltDisney?AsOscarLevantoncesaid,"It'snotwhatyouarebutwhatyoudon'tbecomethathurts."

Youhavegreatpotential.Whenyoubelieveinallyoucanbe,ratherthanallyoucannotbecome,youwillfindyourplaceonearth.（1）Howmanysuccessfulpeoplearementionedasexamplesinthepassage?A.

Six

B.

Seven

C.

Eight

D.

Nine.（2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisRIGHT?A.

Whenhewasyoung,ThomasEdisonalwaysgotgoodgradesatschool.B.

LevantthoughtLouisaMayAlcottcouldn'twriteanypopularworks.C.

OnlyAugusteRodin'suncleregardedhimaboyoflearningability.D.

BothEnricoCarusoandBeethovenachievedtheirdreamsinmusic.（3）What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentence"He'suneducable"?A.

Hecan'tbetaught.

B.

Heisveryclever.

C.

Heisdifferent.

D.

Heisalatesuccess.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

WorkingHardforSuccess

B.

HavingDreamsC.

BelievinginYourself

D.

Self-challenging【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，列舉了愛因斯坦、貝多芬、愛迪生等七個名人成功的故事，他們都曾得到別人較低的評價，但最終成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢想；“相信自己”是他們成功的關(guān)鍵。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。第一段列舉了愛因斯坦的故事，第二段講述了貝多芬的故事，第三段提到了愛迪生的故事，第四段講述了奧古斯特·羅丹的故事，第五段提到了沃特·迪士尼、恩里科·卡魯索、路易莎·梅·阿爾科特的故事，共列舉了七個著名人物，故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二中的“

Beethoven'smusicteachersaidabouthim,‘Asacomposer(作曲家)heishopeless.’

”；第五段中的“EnricoCarusowastoldbyonemusicteacher,‘Youcan'tsing.Youhavenovoiceatall.’”及第六段中的“WherewouldourworldbewithoutthemusicofBeethoven,theartofRodinortheideasofAlbertEinsteinandWaltDisney?

”可推知，貝多芬和恩里科·卡魯索都實(shí)現(xiàn)了他們的音樂夢想，故選D。（3）考查句義猜測。根據(jù)第四段他的父親和他的叔叔對他的評價"Ihaveanidiot(白癡)forason.""Hisuncleagreed."可知，他們都認(rèn)為他是白癡；據(jù)此可以推斷，該句意為“他是教不會的”，故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文前五段列舉了七個名人，他們的共同點(diǎn)是都曾得到別人較低的評價，后來卻成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢想；本文的最后一句為本文的主題句，據(jù)此可以判斷，C項(xiàng)“相信自己”最適合做本文標(biāo)題，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，句義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

OneeveninginFebruary2007,astudentnamedPaulaCeelybroughthercartoastoponaremoteroadinWales.Shegotouttoopenametalgatethatblockedherpath.That'swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.HerRenaultCliowasparkedacrossarailwayline.Secondslater,shewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometredowntherailwaytracks.

Ceely'snearmissmadethenewsbecausesheblameditonherGPSdevice.Shehadneverdrivertheroutebefore.Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.CeelywasrelyingonherGPS,butitmadenomentionofthecrossing."Iputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrain,"shetoldtheBBC.

Whoistoblamehere?RickStevenson,whotellsCeely'sstoryinhisbookWhenMachinesFailUs,pointsthefingeratthelimitationsoftechnology.Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.Theyarefilledwithsmallproblems.Andit'snotjustGPSdevices:Stevensontakesusonatourofdigitaldisastersinvolvingeverythingfrommobilephonestowirelesskeyboards.

Theproblemwithhisargumentinthebookisthatit'snotclearwhyheonlyfocusesondigitaltechnology,whiletheremaybeanumberofotherpossiblecauses.Amap-makermighthaveleftthecrossingoffapapermap.MaybeweshouldblameCeelyfornotpayingattention.Perhapstherailwayauthoritiesareatfaultforpoorsignalingsystem.OrmaybesomeonehasstudiedtherelativedangersandworkedoutthattherereallyissomethingspecificwrongwiththeGPSequipment.ButStevensondoesn'tsay.

It'saproblemthatrunsthroughthebook.Inasectiononcars,Stevensongivesanaccountoftheadvancedtechniquesthatcriminalsusetodefeatcomputer-basedlockingsystemsforcars.Heofferstwoindependentsetsoffiguresoncartheft;bothshowasmallriseinsomepartsofthecountry.Hesaysthatonceagainnotallnewlockshaveprovedreliable,Perhaps,butmaybeit'salsoduetotheshortageofpolicemenonthestreets.Orchangingsocialcircumstances.Orsomecombinationofthesefactors.

Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex.Itisshapedbyeconomicsandpsychologyandthecultureswelivein.Somewhereinthemixofthoseforcestheremaybeawayforawiseruseoftechnology.

Ifthereissuchaway,itshouldinvolvemorethanjustanawarenessoftheshortcomingsofourmachines.Afterall,wehavelivedwiththemforthousandsofyears.Theyhaveprobablybeenfoolingusforjusta.slong.（1）WhatdidPaulaCeelythinkwasthecauseofheraccident?A.

Shewasnotfamiliarwiththeroad.B.

Itwasdarkandrainingheavilythen.C.

Therailwayworkersfailedtogivethesignal.D.

HerGPSdevicedidn'ttellheraboutthecrossing.（2）Thephrase"nearmiss"(Paragraph2)canbestbereplacedby________.A.

closehit

B.

heavyloss

C.

narrowescape

D.

bigmistake（3）WhichofthefollowingwouldRickStevensonmostprobablyagreewith?A.

Moderntechnologyiswhatwecan'tlivewithout.B.

Digtaltechnologyoftenfallsshortofourexpectation.C.

Digitaldevicesaremorereliablethantheyusedtobe.D.

GPSerrorisnottheonlycauseforCeely'saccident.（4）Inthewriter'sopinion,Stevenson'sargumentis________.A.

one-sided

B.

reasonable

C.

puzzling

D.

well-based（5）Whatistherealconcernofthewriterofthisarticle?A.

Themajorcausesoftrafficaccidentsandcarthefts.B.

Thehumanunawarenessoftechnicalproblems.C.

Theshortcomingsofdigitaldevicesweuse.D.

Therelationshipbetweenhumansandtechnology.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）A（5）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者講述了一起交通事故，司機(jī)沒有看到火車路口導(dǎo)致了一起事故，司機(jī)卻將責(zé)任歸咎到自己的導(dǎo)航儀沒有路口提示上。引發(fā)作者對于人與科技的關(guān)系上的深思。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Ceely'snearmissmadethenewsbecausesheblameditonheGPS(導(dǎo)航儀)."可知Ceely認(rèn)為事故發(fā)生的原因是GPS沒有指出那個路口。故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第一段可知Ceely的車被卡在鐵路上并且被火車撞飛了，而她自己則死里逃生，文章用"nearmiss"來形容這個事故，由此可推斷narrowescape最符合文意，即Ceely很驚險地逃生了，故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob."可知Stevenson認(rèn)為是科技設(shè)備應(yīng)該被指責(zé)，即它們不能滿足人們的需要，故選B。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"Theproblemwithhisargumentinthebookisthatit'snotclearwhyheonlyfocusesondigitaltechnology,whiletheremaybeanumberofotherpossiblecauses."可知作者認(rèn)為Stevenson只關(guān)注到了片面的，故選A。（5）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex."可知作者在討論完Ceely這起事故后，在最后兩段將討論延伸到了人與科技的關(guān)系上，因此作者實(shí)際關(guān)心的內(nèi)容是人與科技的關(guān)系，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Weweresilentlywaitingontheplatforminthelateafternoon.Therehewas,my80-year-oldgrandfatherwithhissilveryhair.AndthereIwas,ateenagegirlinmyjeansandT-shirt.HisagedbutstillclearblueeyesweretakinginthesceneasIwonderedhowIwasgoingtogetthroughthenexttwodays.WhydidIeveragreetoaccompanymycrankygrandpaonatrainridefromNewYorktoGeorgia?

Nooneelsewantedtobethefellowtravelersincemygrandfatherrefusedtofly.Incontrast,IlovedtoflysinceIwantedtogettothedestinationasquicklyaspossible.Nomatterwhatanyonetoldmygrandfatheraboutthecomfortandsafetyofflying,herefusedtobookaflight,saying,"It'snotjustthetrip;it'stheadventureofgettingthere."

Withmyfirststepontothetrain,thejourneywasalreadydifferentfromwhatIexpected.Thetrainwasmodemandfilledwithfriendlytravelers.Wesettledintotheclubcar,wherewecouldenjoyfoodanddrinkswhilewatchingthescenerypass.Insteadoflisteningtomymusic,IbecameawillingaudienceandlearnedfamilyhistorythatIhadneverhadthetimeorpatiencetolearn.Withtearyeyes,hetoldmethatgoingtofamilyeventswashardforhimsincemygrandmotherdied.Italwaysmadehimthinkaboutthosewhowerenolongerwithus.ForthefirsttimeIfeltIunderstoodhim.Igainedanewappreciationforourtimetogether.

Inthisfast-pacedworld,weoftenmissimportantmoments.Thereisgreatsignificanceinlisteningtoelderswhoofferapieceoftheirhistoryandexperience.Imaybemoreopentoopportunitiestostaywithmygrandpa.Lifeisn'tjustaboutthedestination;it'saboutthejourney.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"cranky"inparagraph1mean?A.

Health.

B.

Strange.

C.

Selfless.

D.

Outgoing.（2）Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthejourneyatfirst?A.

Itwouldbeboring.B.

Shewouldlearnsomethingduringit.C.

Itwouldbeachancetoknowabouthergrandpa.D.

Shewouldenjoythebeautifulsceneduringit.（3）Whatmadetheauthorchangeherattitudetowardsstayingwithhergrandpa?A.

Hergrandpa'sappreciationofher.

B.

Hergrandpa'smissingherrelatives.C.

Thesadstoriesofhergrandmother.

D.

Thenewunderstandingofhergrandpa.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.

Listeningtoelderswillhelpuslearnalot.B.

Caringforeldersneedsalotofcreativity.C.

Therealwaysisbeautifulsceneryalongthejourney.D.

Travellingbytrainismorecomfortablethanbyplane.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者通過講述自己和爺爺坐火車的經(jīng)歷，說明了聆聽長者講述他們的歷史和經(jīng)歷，意義重大。（1）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第一段中的“Nooneelsewantedtobethefellowtravelersincemygrandfatherrefusedtofly.”自從我祖父拒絕坐飛機(jī)后，沒有人愿意和我們一起旅行。由此可知，WhydidIeveragreetoaccompanymycrankygrandpaonatrainridefromNewYorktoGeorgia?的意思是我為什么要答應(yīng)陪我那奇怪的爺爺從紐約坐火車去喬治亞州呢？"cranky"的意思是奇怪的，故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“HisagedbutstillclearblueeyesweretakinginthesceneasIwonderedhowIwasgoingtogetthroughthenexttwodays.”他那雙蒼老但依然清澈的藍(lán)眼睛看著眼前的情景，我不知道接下來的兩天該怎么過。由此推斷出，起初，作者認(rèn)為這次旅行非常無聊，故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。答案第三段中的“ForthefirsttimeIfeltIunderstoodhim.Igainedanewappreciationforourtimetogether.”我第一次覺得我理解了他。我對我們在一起的時間有了新的認(rèn)識。由此可知，她對她爺爺?shù)男抡J(rèn)識讓作者改變了她和爺爺在一起的態(tài)度，故選D。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thereisgreatsignificanceinlisteningtoelderswhoofferapieceoftheirhistoryandexperience.”聆聽長者講述他們的歷史和經(jīng)歷，意義重大。可知，聆聽長輩的話會幫