中考英語閱讀理解滿分答題技巧英語中考和高考中，閱讀題都占了很大的分值，但是目前在給高一學(xué)生講閱讀時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)他們主要存在兩個(gè)問題，一是詞匯量掌握根本不夠，甚至無法達(dá)到中考水平；二是做題時(shí)沒有技巧，拿到閱讀題，悶頭就從第一句開始讀，往往導(dǎo)致做題時(shí)間不夠，無法在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)完成。為了便于理解，這篇文章著眼于中考英語傳統(tǒng)閱讀的閱讀技巧。下面是陜西省英語中考試卷的構(gòu)成，各地的題目類型可能會(huì)有差異，但是都包含閱讀題。以下是陜西省英語中考試卷構(gòu)成（120分，120分鐘）考試部分題類題數(shù)分值時(shí)間分配聽力部分聽選答案10段短對(duì)話、兩段材料（對(duì)話+獨(dú)白），共15題20分20-25分鐘聽填信息聽力材料挖空，共5題10分筆試部分完型填空兩篇連續(xù)性故事，共20題15分10-15分鐘閱讀理解五選五、三篇傳統(tǒng)型閱讀，共15題20分30-35分鐘完成句子根據(jù)漢語意思補(bǔ)全對(duì)話，共5題10分5-8分鐘短文填空用所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空，共10題10分8-12分鐘任務(wù)型閱讀共5題5分7-10分鐘補(bǔ)全對(duì)話根據(jù)對(duì)話情景補(bǔ)全對(duì)話，共5題10分5-8分鐘書面表達(dá)（命題作文）1題15分20-25分鐘一、閱讀理解做題策略1.閱讀標(biāo)題、小標(biāo)題、首尾段、中間段首句；2.讀題，確定并勾畫題中關(guān)鍵詞；3.帶著問題回原文找關(guān)鍵詞，核對(duì)答案。4.需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是：閱讀題一定要先讀題，帶著題目去文章中找答案?。。〈送?，給文章標(biāo)好段落，同時(shí)在讀文章時(shí)，在原文中將重點(diǎn)詞句勾畫，以便于做完后檢查。二、傳統(tǒng)類閱讀題四類常見題型及解題方法（一）細(xì)節(jié)理解題1.題型概述細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要考查考生對(duì)閱讀材料中某一特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的主要事實(shí)的理解能力。主要分為兩種情況：直接細(xì)節(jié)類：答案可以直接從原文中找出來；隱含細(xì)節(jié)類：無法直接從原文中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的詞或短語，但可根據(jù)文章的隱含意義（如原因、前提或結(jié)果等）仔細(xì)推敲，得出答案。2.解題方法劃——關(guān)鍵詞（一般情況下，答案是按順序來的，第二題答案一般在第一題之后的段落，以此類推）；定——答題區(qū)間；找選項(xiàng)：a.完全對(duì)應(yīng)；b.同義替換。3.例題剖析：原文：TheschoolbusdriverlearnedaboutDawn'ssituationandinvitedDawntomoveinwithherfamily.Soon,DawnhadajobatBurnsHighSchool.Sheworkedfrom6a.m.to7:40a.m.beforethefirstschoolbellrang.Shesweptfloorsandpickeduptrashagainintheafternoons,beforediving(跳水)intoherstudiesintheevenings.問題：WhohelpedDawnwhenshefoundherselfhomeless?選項(xiàng)：A.Herteachers.B.Herneighbors.C.Aschoolbusdriver.D.ATigerMom.解析：讀題發(fā)現(xiàn)考察主角處于“homeless”狀態(tài)時(shí)“whohelpedher”，回到原文下劃線部分（即第一句）：“當(dāng)校車司機(jī)了解到她的處境時(shí)，邀請(qǐng)她搬去了自己的家”，因此答案選擇D。原文：Oneday,whilewalkingdownacountryroad,Doynesawalittlegirlbreakinguprocks.Shesoonlearnedthat7-year-oldHimasoldtherockstosupportherfamily.Withdeepsadness,shedecidedtopayHima'stuition(學(xué)費(fèi))forschool.Encouragedbythechangesinthechild,Doynethought,"Ifwecanhelponechild,whynot10?"問題：WhydidHimabreakuptherocks?選項(xiàng)：Todophysicalexercise. B.Tobuildanewschool.C.Togetmoneyforherfamily. D.Torepairthecountryroad.原文（2025陜西中考題）：Treesalsohaveotherbenefits,likeprovidingfreshairandmakingcitieslooknicer.Buttheirabilitytosaveenergyandcutsewercostsmakesthemvaluableforcities'budgets.Plantingmoretreesisn'tjustgoodfortheenvironment—it'ssmartforsavingmoneytoo!問題：Howcantreeshelpcitiessavemoneyaccordingtothepassage?選項(xiàng)：A.Byprovidingfreshairforpeople.B.Byreducingenergyuseandsewercleaningcosts.C.Bymakingcitiesmorebeautiful.D.Bygivingshadetobuildingsinsummer.（二）推理判斷題1.題型概述此類試題要求考生對(duì)文章內(nèi)容及作者的思路做出合理的判斷和推理，推出蘊(yùn)含在文章中卻沒有明說的事實(shí)及暗示的含義。2.解題方法針對(duì)特定細(xì)節(jié)信息進(jìn)行推理：此類試題要求考生根據(jù)語篇中具體的內(nèi)容和信息點(diǎn)，推斷出文章中具體的細(xì)節(jié)。解答此類試題時(shí)，一般可根據(jù)短文所提供的某些關(guān)鍵詞或短語去分析、推理和判斷。3.常見設(shè)問方式Wecaninfer/conclude/learnfromthepassagethat...Thepassage/author/paragraphimplies.....4.例題原文：Adoctorenteredthehospitalhurriedlyafterbeingcalledinforanimportantsurgery(外科手術(shù)).Hefoundtheboy'sfatherinthehallwaitingworriedly.Thedoctorkepthimwaitingforalongtime,sothefathershoutedatthedoctor,"Doyouhaveanysenseofduty?"問題：Thefathershoutedatthedoctorbecausehethought______.選項(xiàng)：A.hehadwaitedtoolongB.noonecaredforhissonC.thedoctorwascoldtohimD.thesurgerytookalongtime（三）詞義猜測(cè)題1.題型概述考生需要根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)生詞或短語意思，猜測(cè)的詞匯大都為生難詞匯，有時(shí)為熟詞生意。2.常見設(shè)問Whatdoestheunderlinedword"XXX"mean?Thewordrefersto/probablymeans..3.解題方法通過定義或釋義關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義：定義或解釋形式多樣，常由thatis(tosay)、inotherwords、mean、beconsideredtobe、referto、becalled、beknownas等詞匯或破折號(hào)來表示。通過舉例猜測(cè)詞義：恰當(dāng)?shù)呐e例能夠?yàn)椴聹y(cè)生詞提供重要的線索?？筛鶕?jù)suchas、forexample、like等詞的前后，或者破折號(hào)前后的內(nèi)容來猜測(cè)劃線詞的意思。通過同義詞或近義詞猜測(cè)詞義：在文章中，有時(shí)為了表達(dá)同一事物的不同種類，會(huì)使用同義詞或近義詞?？衫猛x詞或近義詞的關(guān)系，由熟悉的詞語推測(cè)不熟悉詞語的含義（如由and或or連接的同義詞詞組，如happyandjoyful）。通過上下文語境猜測(cè)詞義：根據(jù)上下文語境暗示，運(yùn)用邏輯推理來猜測(cè)生詞詞義。4.例題原文：Thepenisveryutilitarian.Wecannotsignabillorwritealetterorbuyahousewithoutourpen.Anagreementisworthlesstillournameiswrittenwithapen.Thewritersencouragetheworldwithit.Thestudentstaketheirexaminationswithitaswell.問題：Theunderlinedword"utilitarian"inthepassagemeans"______".選項(xiàng)：A.cheap B.boring C.special D.useful原文：ButAdamsbelievedthatpeopleinhospitalneedmorethanmedicine.Hesawunhappyandlonelypeople,andhetriedtohelpthemaspatients,butaspeople,too.Hespentalotoftimewithchildreninthehospital,andoftenputaspecialrednoseonhisfacetolooklikeaclownandtomakethechildrenlaugh.問題：Whatdoestheunderlinedword"clown"inthispassageprobablymean?選項(xiàng)：A.木偶B.小丑C.外星人D.蜘蛛俠（四）主旨大意題1.題型概述要求考生在閱讀和理解的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行歸納、概括或評(píng)價(jià)。不能只憑文中的只言片語就斷章取義，在涉及文章的主題（mainidea）、結(jié)論（conclusion）、結(jié)局（end）等有關(guān)問題時(shí)，需要在細(xì)讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)的語言知識(shí)、背景知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)等進(jìn)行邏輯推理和判斷，從而挖掘出文章中隱含的信息。2.常見設(shè)問方式Whatdoesthetext/passage(mainly)tellus?Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?3.解題關(guān)鍵重點(diǎn)關(guān)注首段和尾段，如果首段為例子或者問題，答案則可能在第二段。4.例題原文：Somefriendsinviteyouoverandserveyouadeliciousdinner.Someonelendsyouhiscarwhilethere'ssomethingwrongwithyours.Youaresick,andafriendbringsyouamealandcaresforyou.Howdoyoushowyourgratitude(感謝)?Sometimessimplysayingthankyouisenough.Atothertimes,itisthoughtfultosaythankyouinamoredifferentway.Besuretotellthatpersonwhatyouaregratefulforandwhyyouaregrateful.Herearesomecommonwaystosaythankyou.Youcanwriteathank-younote.Peopleareverybusythesedays.Ahandwrittennoteshowsyoutookthetimetotellsomeoneyouaregratefultohimorher.Oryoucancallandthanktheperson.Youwouldbesurprisedhowthiscanmakesomeone'sday.Anotherideaistosendathank-youe-mail.Thisisnotquiteaspersonal,butitstillshowsyourgratitude.Therearemanyotherwaystosaythankyou.Tosaythankyouinacreativewayyoucan:Selectsomeflowersfromashop.Writeathank-younote!Givethepersonabasketoffreshfruitorahomemadetreat.Inviteafriendtoamovie,meal,snackorcoffee.Giveagiftcardforabookstore