博湖縣奇石中學(xué)2022—2023第二學(xué)年高二英語期末考試總分:120分考試時(shí)間:120分鐘1.答卷前考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APRACTITIONERSJacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)highlightsthesuspicionthatwomenpracticingmedicinefaced.BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.In1322shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.Inspiteofthecourthearingtestimonials(證明)ofherabilityasadoctor,shewasbannedfrommedicine.JamesBarry(c.1789—1865)wasbornMargaretBulkleyinIrelandbut,dressedasaman,shewasacceptedbyEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813,thenjoinedtheBritishArmy,servingoverseas.Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.TanYunxian(1461—1554)wasaChinesephysicianwholearnedherskillsfromhergrandparents.Chinesewomenatthetimecouldnotserveapprenticeships(學(xué)徒期)withdoctors.However,Tanpassedtheofficialexam.Tantreatedwomenfromallwalksoflife.In1511,Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.RebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831—1895)workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcaretofreedslaves.1.WhatdidJacquelineandJameshaveincommon?A.Doingteachingjobs. B.Beinghiredasphysicians.C.Performingsurgery. D.Beingbannedfrommedicine.2.HowwasTanYunxiandifferentfromtheotherpractitioners?A.Shewroteabook. B.Shewentthroughtrials.C.Sheworkedasadentist. D.Shehadformaleducation.3.WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?A.JacquelineFelicedeAlmania. B.TanYunxian.C.JamesBarry. D.RebeccaLeeCrumpler.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四位從醫(yī)人員的生平與事跡?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一部分中的“BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.(她出生于佛羅倫薩的一個(gè)猶太家庭，搬到巴黎當(dāng)醫(yī)生并做外科手術(shù))”以及第二部分中的“Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813(她獲得了做外科醫(yī)生的資格)”和“Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.(Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，從事了整個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)職業(yè))”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同點(diǎn)是都有資格進(jìn)行外科手術(shù)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，再根據(jù)文章第三部分中的“Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.(Tan寫了一本書《女醫(yī)生的故事》，描述了她作為一名醫(yī)生的生活)”可推知，Tan與其他從業(yè)人員的不同之處在于她寫了一本書。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一部分中的“Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.(四年后，她成為第一位獲得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的非裔美國女性)”可知，RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一位獲得醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的非裔美國人。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】BWhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.ItisrecentlyreportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritain’sconsumerswouldliketochangeorimprovetheircookinginsomeway.TherehasbeenariseinthenumberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK’sobsession(癡迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.4.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?A.Itissimpleandplain. B.Itisrichinnutrition.C.Itlacksauthentictastes. D.Itdeservesahighreputation.5.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammeonBritishTV?A.Authoritative. B.Creative. C.Profitable. D.Influential.6.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?A.20%. B.24%. C.25%. D.33%.7.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Theartofcookinginothercountries. B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.C.TablemannersintheUK. D.Studiesofbigeaters.【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇是一篇說明文，介紹英國人在英國烹飪節(jié)目的影響下改變對(duì)烹飪的看法，并嘗試新的烹飪習(xí)慣?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?”（當(dāng)你想到英國食物時(shí)，你會(huì)想到什么？你可能想到的是炸魚薯?xiàng)l，或是一肉兩菜的周日晚餐。但是，英國食物真的如此無趣嗎？）可知，提及英國食物，大家往往只是想到炸魚薯?xiàng)l和周日烤肉，所以人們通常會(huì)覺得英國食物平平無奇。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.”（正是由于電視上的這些大廚，而不是憑借廣告宣傳活動(dòng)，英國人正在遠(yuǎn)離“一肉兩菜”和速食餐，而變得更加愿意探索新的烹飪習(xí)慣。）和“ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.”（似乎電視節(jié)目幫助改變了人們對(duì)烹飪的看法。）可知，英國的烹飪節(jié)目能夠改變英國人對(duì)烹飪的看法，嘗試從傳統(tǒng)的英式飲食走出來，嘗試新的烹飪習(xí)慣，由此推知英國的烹飪節(jié)目具有很大的影響力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.”（幾乎三分之一的人表示他們現(xiàn)在使用的配料比以前更多，將近四分之一的人表示他們現(xiàn)在購買的配料質(zhì)量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.”（隨著電視上出現(xiàn)越來越多男性廚師，男孩子喜歡烹飪不再是一件“不酷”的事了。）可知，接下來，文章應(yīng)該具體介紹電視上的男性廚師，從而與上文形成語義連貫。故選B項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)睛】CIfyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryisperhapsthefirstconflict,atBotanyBay,betweenCaptainCook’svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday,theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(聯(lián)系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.8.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howpasteventsshouldbepresented. B.Whathumanityisconcernedabout.C.Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.9.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinparagraph2?A.Hisreportwasscientific. B.Herepresentedthelocalpeople.CHeruledoverBotanyBay. D.Hisrecordwasone-sided.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation”inparagraph3referto?A.Problem. B.History. C.Voice. D.Society.11.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?A.HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorld B.AShortHistoryofAustraliaC.AHistoryoftheWorldin100Objects D.HowArtWorksTellStories【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。本文討論了僅僅依靠書面文本來講述世界歷史的局限性，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了將物品納入歷史敘事以更好地理解無文字社會(huì)的重要性?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.(如果你想講述整個(gè)世界的歷史，一段不以人類某一部分為特權(quán)的歷史，你不能僅僅通過文本來講述，因?yàn)槭澜缟现挥幸徊糠秩嗽?jīng)有過文本，而世界上大多數(shù)人，在大多數(shù)時(shí)間里，都沒有。寫作是人類較晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至許多有文字的社會(huì)也不僅用文字，而且用物件來記錄他們所關(guān)心的事情。)”可推知，第一段主要講述的是歷史應(yīng)該如何呈現(xiàn)給我們。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段首句“Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects,andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat,butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.(理想情況下，歷史應(yīng)該將文本和物品結(jié)合在一起，本書的某些章節(jié)能夠做到這一點(diǎn)，但在許多情況下，我們根本做不到。)”可推斷，作者認(rèn)為歷史應(yīng)該是文本和物品相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，但是很多情況下，我們做不到。再根據(jù)所舉例子的下文“FromtheEnglishside,wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside,wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.(在英國方面，我們有科學(xué)報(bào)告和船長對(duì)那可怕的一天的記錄。從澳大利亞方面來看，我們只有一個(gè)木制盾牌，這是一名男子在第一次經(jīng)歷槍擊后在飛行中扔下的。)”可知，作者舉這個(gè)例子是為了說明船長的記錄是片面的，只從自己的角度描述了問題。故選D?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(聯(lián)系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.(加勒比海的泰諾人、澳大利亞的土著人、貝寧的非洲人以及印加人，所有這些人都出現(xiàn)在這本書中，他們現(xiàn)在都可以通過他們制造的物品向我們講述他們過去最強(qiáng)大的成就：通過物品講述的歷史給了他們一個(gè)聲音。當(dāng)我們考慮諸如此類的有文化社會(huì)和無文化社會(huì)之間的接觸時(shí)，我們所有的第一手資料都必然是扭曲的，只有對(duì)話的一半。)”結(jié)合劃線句“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.(如果我們要找到對(duì)話的另一半，我們不僅要讀文本，還要讀物體。)”可知，我們對(duì)過去歷史的了解，只是書寫歷史的人所想要讓我們了解的歷史，如果我們想要了解歷史的另一半，我們不僅僅要讀文本也要讀對(duì)象。所以conversation指的是“歷史”。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.(如果你想講述整個(gè)世界的歷史，一段不以人類某一部分為特權(quán)的歷史，你不能僅僅通過文本來講述，因?yàn)槭澜缟现挥幸徊糠秩说臍v史曾經(jīng)被文字記錄過，而世界上大多數(shù)人，在大多數(shù)時(shí)間里，都沒有。)”結(jié)合最后一段的“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.(如果我們要找到對(duì)話的另一半，我們不僅要讀文本，還要讀物體。)”可知，本文講述僅僅依靠書面文本來講述世界歷史有局限性，想要更好的了解歷史就要將文本和物品結(jié)合在一起。從而推斷文章最有可能選自《100件物品中的世界史》。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】DLivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(風(fēng)景)canbequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation.AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.IoftenleaveearlytoseektherightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil’sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路線)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.12.HowdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?A.Byteamingupwithotherphotographers. B.Byshootinginthecountrysideorstateparks.C.Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions. D.Bycreatingsettingsinthecornfields.13.Whatisthekeytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?A.Propertimemanagement. B.Goodshootingtechniques.C.Adventurousspirit. D.Distinctivestyles.14.Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor’stripwithfriendstoDevil’sLake?A.Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.B.Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.CTheyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.D.Theyhadproblemswiththeirequipment.15.HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDevil’sLake?A.Amusing. B.Satisfying.C.Encouraging. D.Comforting.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為一名風(fēng)景攝影師，在攝影途中發(fā)生的一些所見所聞?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第二段“Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.(我傾向于和幾個(gè)朋友一起去州立公園或鄉(xiāng)村探險(xiǎn)，沿途拍照)”可知，作為一名中西部的風(fēng)景攝影師，作者應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的方式是去鄉(xiāng)村或州立公園拍攝。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.(盡管如此，回顧這些照片，它們?nèi)匀皇俏易詈玫囊恍┱掌?，盡管如果我能明智地準(zhǔn)備和管理我的時(shí)間，它們本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為，風(fēng)景攝影成功的關(guān)鍵是適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間管理。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路線)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.(然而，我們沒有標(biāo)出路線，所以我們幾乎完全錯(cuò)過了日落)”可推知，作者在與朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到達(dá)拍攝地點(diǎn)的時(shí)間比預(yù)期的要晚。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。通過文章最后一段“Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.(盡管如此，回顧這些照片，它們?nèi)匀皇俏易詈玫囊恍┱掌M管如果我能明智地準(zhǔn)備和管理我的時(shí)間，它們本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為自己在魔鬼湖拍攝的照片是令人滿意的。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.____16____,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.____17____.Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“____18____.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.____19____.Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“____20____,”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’sivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了什么是室內(nèi)植物、室內(nèi)植物帶來的好處及你能種植哪些室內(nèi)植物?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.(而且研究表明，它們可以通過改善情緒、減輕壓力和幫助增強(qiáng)記憶力來促進(jìn)人們的健康)”可知，此處與下文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成notonly…but“不僅……而且……”結(jié)構(gòu)。由此可知，B.Notonlydotheylookbeautiful(它們不僅看起來很漂亮)能夠銜接下文，符合語境。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.(這些品種中的許多都不適合在英國戶外生長，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不適合在戶外寒冷的環(huán)境中生長，即適合在溫暖的地方生長。由此可知，D.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmer(相反，它們?cè)跍嘏氖覂?nèi)生長得更好)能夠承接上文，符合語境。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)在冬天的幾個(gè)月里，房子周圍的植物真的能提升你的情緒)”可知，室內(nèi)植物對(duì)人有好處。由此可知，C.Therearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoors(在室內(nèi)種植植物有很多好處)能夠銜接下文，符合語境。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通過去除二氧化碳等有害氣體來凈化周圍的空氣。它們還能去除油漆或烹飪中的一些有害化學(xué)物質(zhì))”可知，盆栽植物能夠清除有害物質(zhì)。由此可知，E.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebest(像和平百合和魔芋之類的植物是最好的)能夠承接上文，列舉了在這方面做的最好的植物，符合語境。故選E。20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature-whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.(年輕的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它們成熟時(shí)照顧它們——這是擁有植物的樂趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding(了解每種植物的需求是非常有益的)能夠承接上文，同時(shí)引起下文，下文“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”(它可以為人們的生活帶來新的興趣和焦點(diǎn)，并有助于建立家庭與自然之間的聯(lián)系。)”具體介紹了了解每種植物的需求的好處。故選G?！军c(diǎn)睛】第二部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(個(gè)人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe____21____best.Shehadto___22___herbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosay____23____tohertwodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedto____24____wavesonherboard.Butitwas____25____totaketheleap(飛躍),however____26____itwouldbe.Evenat14,Douglasknewthat.Soshe____27____about1,200milesawayfromhome,to____28____withacoachfromChina.Shelivedwithafamilyshehadnever____29____andeverythingwasnewtoher.Asitturnedout,Douglasdid_____30_____whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshe_____31_____twoRussians.TheChinesecoach_____32_____Douglasintooneofthebestgymnastsinthe_____33_____,helpingherskyrocketfroman_____34_____memberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.By_____35_____theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.She_____36_____thecompetitionfrombeginningtoend.Shesaidshehadfelt_____37_____allalongthatshewouldwin.Notsolongago,MarthaKarolylthecoordinator(聯(lián)絡(luò)人)ofthewomen’snationalteam,didnotthinkDouglashadwhatit_____38_____tobeanOlympian.Astimewentby,shethought_____39_____thatshecouldmaketheLondonGames—andwin.“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople,”shesaid.“I’mreadyto_____40_____.”Andshineshedid.21.A.tried B.thought C.judged D.knew22.A.takeup B.packup C.cleanup D.doup23.A.goodbye B.hello C.thanks D.no24.A.cause B.observe C.ride D.strike25.A.common B.time C.fun D.tough26.A.breathtaking B.heartbreaking C.eye-catching D.head-spinning27.A.droppedout B.movedon C.pulledover D.wentoff28.A.reason B.talk C.compete D.train29.A.met B.helped C.understood D.needed30.A.approximately B.gradually C.exactly D.possibly31.A.defeated B.pleased C.respected D.assisted32.A.forced B.transformed C.persuaded D.put33.A.world B.city C.team D.state34.A.amateur B.elected C.average D.enthusiastic35.A.clarifying B.defending C.winning D.demanding36.A.followed B.organized C.watched D.led37.A.confident B.nervous C.excited D.uneasy38.A.viewed B.appeared C.mattered D.took39.A.nowandthen B.moreandmore C.farandwide D.onandon40.A.shine B.fly C.dance D.score【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.B26.B27.D28.D29.A30.C31.A32.B33.A34.C35.C36.D37.A38.D39.B40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了美國體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員GabbyDouglas為了成為個(gè)人全能項(xiàng)目的奧運(yùn)冠軍，不得不遠(yuǎn)離家鄉(xiāng)，去離家1200英里的地方，和一個(gè)來自中國的教練一起訓(xùn)練。最終在教練的訓(xùn)練下，Douglas成為世界上最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，贏得奧運(yùn)會(huì)全能冠軍，成為了第一個(gè)獲此殊榮的黑人女性。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了成為個(gè)人全能項(xiàng)目的奧運(yùn)冠軍，GabbyDouglas不得不放棄她最熟悉的一切。A.tried嘗試；B.thought思考；C.judged判斷；D.knew知道、熟悉。由上文“TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(個(gè)人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”和下文“1,200milesawayfromhome”可知，為了成為個(gè)人全能項(xiàng)目的奧運(yùn)冠軍，GabbyDouglas放棄她最熟悉的一切，來到一個(gè)陌生的地方，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亞的臥室。A.takeup從事；B.packup整理、收拾行李；C.cleanup清理；D.doup裝修。由上文“GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”和下文“herbedroominVirginia”可知，整理好她的臥室，準(zhǔn)備離開這里，故選B。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她不得不和她的兩只狗以及她喜歡在沖浪板上沖浪的海灘說再見。A.goodbye再見；B.hello你好；C.thanks感謝；D.no沒有、否定的回答。由上“GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”可知，GabbyDouglas要離開自己的家，所以與家里的狗說再見，故選A。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她不得不和她的兩只狗以及她喜歡在沖浪板上沖浪的海灘說再見。A.cause引起；B.observe觀察；C.ride騎、漂??；D.strike打擊。由下文“wavesonherboard.”可知，此處表示沖浪，ridethewaves意為“沖浪”，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，是時(shí)候邁出這一步了，無論這將是多么令人心碎。A.common平民、普通；B.time時(shí)間；C.fun樂趣；D.tough暴徒。由下文“totaketheleap(飛躍)”可知，雖然離開自己所熟悉的一切很難，但是是時(shí)候該邁出這一步了，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，是時(shí)候邁出這一步了，無論這將是多么令人心碎。A.breathtaking激動(dòng)人心的；B.heartbreaking令人心碎的、令人傷心的；C.eye-catching引人注目的；D.head-spinning頭暈的。上文提到的GabbyDouglas不得不放棄她最熟悉的一切可知，放棄自己所熟悉的一切是令人傷心，故選B。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：所以她離家1200英里，和一個(gè)來自中國的教練一起訓(xùn)練。A.droppedout退出；B.movedon繼續(xù)；C.pulledover靠邊停車；D.wentoff離開。由下文“about1,200milesawayfromhome,”可知，GabbyDouglas到了一個(gè)離家1200英里的地方，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以她離家1200英里，和一位來自中國的教練一起訓(xùn)練。A.reason推理；B.talk談話；C.compete競爭；D.train培訓(xùn)。由上文“TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(個(gè)人)all-aroundevent”和下文“withacoachfromChina”可知，為了成為個(gè)人全能項(xiàng)目的奧運(yùn)冠軍，GabbyDouglas離開家，由此可知，她來到這里是為了和一位來自中國的教練一起訓(xùn)練，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她和一個(gè)素未謀面的家庭住在一起，一切對(duì)她來說都是全新的。A.met遇到、見過；B.helped幫助；C.understood理解；D.needed需要。由下文“everythingwasnewtoher.”可知，一切對(duì)她來說都是全新的，所以此處指她和一個(gè)素未謀面的家庭住在一起，故選A。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)證明，Douglas擊敗了兩名俄羅斯選手，完全完成了她成為奧運(yùn)冠軍所需要做的一切。A.approximately大約；B.gradually逐漸地；C.exactly準(zhǔn)確地、完全；D.possibly可能地。由下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，GabbyDouglas獲得了奧運(yùn)會(huì)全能冠軍，由此可知，GabbyDouglas完全完成了她成為奧運(yùn)冠軍所需要做的一切，故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)證明，Douglas擊敗了兩名俄羅斯選手，完全完成了她成為奧運(yùn)冠軍所需要做的一切。A.defeated打??；B.pleased使高興；C.respected尊敬；D.assisted幫助。由上文“whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampion”和下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，Douglas擊敗了兩名俄羅斯選手，成為了奧運(yùn)冠軍，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這位中國教練讓Douglas成為世界上最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，幫助她從國家隊(duì)的普通隊(duì)員一躍成為體操運(yùn)動(dòng)的頂尖選手。A.forced強(qiáng)迫；B.transformed轉(zhuǎn)換、改造；C.persuaded勸說；D.put放。由下文“Douglasintooneofthebestgymnasts”可知，這位中國教練讓Douglas變成世界上最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，o固定搭配，意為“使……變成……”，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位中國教練讓Douglas成為世界上最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，幫助她從國家隊(duì)的普通隊(duì)員一躍成為體操運(yùn)動(dòng)的頂尖選手。A.world世界；B.city城市；C.team團(tuán)隊(duì)；D.state國家。由下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，Douglas贏得奧運(yùn)會(huì)全能冠軍，所以說她是世界最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這位中國教練讓Douglas成為世界上最好的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，幫助她從國家隊(duì)的普通隊(duì)員一躍成為體操運(yùn)動(dòng)的頂尖選手。A.amateur業(yè)余愛好的；B.elected當(dāng)選的；C.average平均的、普通的；D.enthusiastic熱情的。由下文“memberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport”可知，這位中國教練幫助Douglas從國家隊(duì)的普通隊(duì)員一躍成為體操運(yùn)動(dòng)的頂尖選手。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通過贏得奧運(yùn)會(huì)全能冠軍，她成為了第一個(gè)獲此殊榮的黑人女性。A.clarifying澄清；B.defending打??；C.winning贏得；D.demanding要求。由下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.”可知，Douglas贏得奧運(yùn)會(huì)全能冠軍，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她自始至終領(lǐng)先于競爭對(duì)手。A.followed跟隨；B.organized組織；C.watched觀看；D.led帶領(lǐng)、領(lǐng)先。由下文“thecompetitionfrombeginningtoend”可知，比賽過程中，Douglas一直領(lǐng)先于競爭對(duì)手，故選D?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說她一直堅(jiān)信自己會(huì)贏。A.confident自信的、堅(jiān)信的；B.nervous緊張的；C.excited興奮的；D.uneasy不安的。由下文“allalongthatshewouldwin.”可知，Douglas一直堅(jiān)信自己會(huì)贏，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子國家隊(duì)聯(lián)絡(luò)人MarthaKaroly還認(rèn)為Douglas不具備成為奧運(yùn)選手所需要的條件。A.viewed看待；B.appeared出現(xiàn)；C.mattered重要；D.took需要。由下文“tobeanOlympian”可知，此處表示MarthaKaroly還認(rèn)為Douglas不具備成為奧運(yùn)選手所需要的條件，空處表示“需要”，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查短語辨析。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，她越來越相信自己能夠在倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲勝。A.nowandthen時(shí)不時(shí)地；B.moreandmore越來越多；C.farandwide廣泛地；D.onandon不斷地。由上文“Astimewentby”和下文“thatshecouldmaketheLondonGames—andwin.”可知，隨著時(shí)間的推移，Douglas越來越相信自己能夠贏得倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)，故選B。【40題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我準(zhǔn)備好發(fā)光了”。A.shine照耀、發(fā)光；B.fly飛行；C.dance跳舞；D.score得分。由上文“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople”和“Andshineshedid.”可知，Douglas認(rèn)為自己將會(huì)激勵(lì)很多人，即自己會(huì)發(fā)光，影響到很多人，故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutong____41____royalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully____42____(build)systemofringroads.Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace____43____welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural____44____(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork,____45____somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.____46___