2025年高三年級(jí)10月考試英語(yǔ)試卷考試時(shí)間：2025年10月17日8:0010:00時(shí)長(zhǎng)：120分鐘試卷滿(mǎn)分：150分注意事項(xiàng)：1答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。寫(xiě)在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫(xiě)在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡上交。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howdoesthewomansound?A.Confused. B.Disappointed. C.Anxious.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Erin,issomethingbotheringyou?W:Well,I'mbehindonmyassignmentsandIhavetwotestsnextweekwhichI'vebarelystudiedfor.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemantellthewomanabout?A.Atravelingroute. B.Astoragefacility. C.Abuildingentrance.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:MynameisTaeMinandI’llbetakingyouaroundthemuseumtoday.Arethereanyquestionsbeforewegetstarted?W:Ihaveone,istheresomewhereIcouldleavethisbag?It’squiteheavy.M:Yes,wehavelockersneartheentrance.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatistheman’sproblem?A.Heisovercharged. B.Hemissedthecheckout. C.Heforgotaboutaservice.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:I'dliketocheckout.Here'smyroomkey.W:Thankyoujustamoment.Okay,Mrbrown,here'sthebillforyourstay.M:Oh,thisischargingmefortwonights,butIarrivedyesterdaymorningandIdidn'trequestanyadditionalservices.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoweknowaboutthepumpkinmilkytea?A.Itisnotfreshenough. B.Itisunavailablenow. C.Ithasbeensoldout.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’mabouttoheadtoforestcafetobuydrinksforourteam.Wouldyoulikesomethingtoo?W:Yes,Ilovetheseasonaldrinksoldthere.Thepumpkinmilkytea.M:Ithinkthatonehasbeendiscontinued.Itwasbeingofferedinthefallonly.Thecafeisadvertisingwinterdrinksnow.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ajobhunting. B.Ajobchange. C.Ajobinterview.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Sandy,themoveyourequestedcamethrough.You'llbeabletostartworkingattheLambertofficeonAugustfirst.W:Wow.It'sagoodthingthatI'vealreadystartedgatheringdocumentationonmyworkprocessestogivetomyreplacement.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.WhatismentionedaboutBrysonRoad?A.Ithasasubwaystop. B.Itisoftenjammedwithtraffic. C.Itispartiallyunderconstruction.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Takeadifferentreturnroute.B.Walktwoblocks.C.Putoffhertrip.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme.DoyouknowifbusNo.7goestoBrysonroad?M:Yes,itdoes.AreyoutryingtogettoValmont’sshoppingplaza?W:Actually,yes,it’sonBrysonroad,right?M:That’sright,thisbuswillstopinfrontofthemall,butthere’ssomerepairingworkunderwayonthesouthsideofBrysonroad.BusNo.7ingbackthisdirectionisbeingreroutedawayfromtheroad.It’sconfusing.W:So,oh,Isee.M:Foryourreturntrip,I’dremendtakingbusnumber22instead.Itstopsabouttwoblocksfromhere.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Reschedulinganappointment.B.Confirmingtheshootingdetails.C.pletingthesetdesign.9.WhydoesMs.Marshallfeelitagoodthing?A.Sheisn’tpletelyreadyyet.B.Sheprefersadifferentlocation.C.Shehastotravelonbusiness.10.Whenwillthephotoshootbe?A.OnThursday. B.OnFriday. C.OnSaturday.【答案】8.A9.A10.C【解析】【原文】M:Ms.Marshall,theartdirector,hasjustcalledandshesaidshehastorearrangethephotoshoottolaterthisweekbecauseshe’sbeencalledawaytoParisonurgentbusiness.W:Actually,Jonathan,that’skindofagoodthing.Istillhaven’tfinishedthefinalsetdesignfortheshoot,andthisgivesmethetimeIneedtoprepare.M:Good,butshewantedmetoaskyouwhentorearrange.She’llbebackonThursdaymorningandwouldbeabletostartlaterthatday.Orthere’sFridaymorningSaturday,too.W:Hmm,thelastoptionsoundsgood.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Whathappenedtotheman’sfriend?A.Hehadacaraccident. B.Hehurthisarm. C.Hepassedoutinthestreet.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Dealwithanotheremergency. B.Gototheemergencyroom. C.Rushtothescene.13.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Anemergencydoctor. B.Anambulancedriver. C.Atelephoneoperator.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【解析】【原文】W:Nineoneone.Whatisyouremergency?M:Ineedanambulance.W:Quick,what’syouremergency?M:Myfriendfelloffhisbikeintothestreet.W:Whatisyourlocation?M:I’mattheentrancetoevergreenstatecollege.W:We’resendingsomeonenow.TheyshouldbethereinaboutfiveminutesM:Okay.Thankyou.W:Isyourfriendawake?M:Yes,Ithinkhe’llbeokaybutitlookslikehemighthaveafewbrokenbones.Heissufferingfromthepaininhisarm.W:OK,justleavehimwhereheis.Trynottomovehim.I’mgoingtogetofftheline.NowIhaveanothercallingin.M:OKThankyouforyourhelp.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.WhataspectofJack’sgardensurprisedtheman?A.Thevarietyofvegetables. B.Theecofriendlymethods. C.Thehugesizeofthegarden.15.HowdidJacklearnabouturbangardeningatfirst?A.Byvisitingafarm. B.Byjoiningalocalmeeting. C.Byresearchingonline.16.WhatdidthewomandotohelpJackwithhisgarden?A.Setupsolarpanelsforlighting.B.Establisharainwaterrecyclingsystem.C.Givehimkitchenwasteforsoilnutrition17.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemaintenancework?A.Manageable B.Stressful. C.Easy.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.A【解析】【原文】M:IwentroundthebackofJack’srestaurantyesterdayandwasamazedtoseehisgarden.Wow.He’sgotawiderangeofvegetablesgrowingthere.Ijustthoughthe’dhaveafewpots.It’slikeanextensivelittlefarm.W:Oh,yousawit.He’sevengotsomeSolarpanelsouttheretoo.It’samazingwhatonecandowithasmallspace.M:Icouldn’tbelieveit.Hehadcarrots,cabbageandevensomebeans.Howdidhegetstartedwithallthat?W:HeattendedamunitypresentationonurbangardeningandthenIshowedhimsomebasicsIlearntonline,likeusingtherightsoilandhowtomaximizesunlightexposure.M:It’simpressivehementionedsomethingaboutusingkitchenwastefromtherestaurantforsoilnutrition.Doesthatreallywork?W:Absolutely.It’sagreatwaytorecycleandenrichthesoil.Weevensetupasmallrainwatercollectionsystemforwatering.M:That’sprettyenvironmentallyfriendly.Itseemslikealotofwork,though.Istheremuchmaintenanceinvolved?W:Itneedsregularcare,butit’snottoodemanding.Also,seeinghisgardenexpandandgrowhasbeenreallyrewarding.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】18.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofgoodsleep. B.Thewaysofimprovingsleep. C.Theinfluenceofsleepenvironment.19.Howmanysubjectswereinvolvedinthestudy?A.20. B.40. C.60.20.WhatdoesDr.Zeeadvisepeopletodo?A.Sleepinthedark. B.Measurebloodsugarlevels. C.Reducetheuseofsleepmedicine.【答案】18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】W:Well,everyoneknowsthatgoodsleepisimportantforourhealth.Noteveryoneknowshowimportantitistosleepindarkness.Anewreportsayssleepingwiththelightoncouldbebadforourhealth.Researcherssaidaround40%ofpeoplesleepwithsomesortofartificiallight.Theysaidevenlightfromatelevisionoranalarmclockcouldaffectourhealth.Sleepingwithoutanylightismoredifficultforpeoplewholiveincitieswherethereisalotofoutdoorlightatnight.TheresearchersarefromtheNorthwesternUniversityFeinbergschoolofmedicineinChicago,USA.Theleadresearcher,DrPhyllisZee,isanexpertinsleepmedicine.Herteamconductedastudyofthebloodsugarlevelsof20peopleafternightsofsleep.Thepeoplewhosleptwithalightonhadhigherbloodsugarlevelsthenextmorningparedtothosewhosleptintotaldarkness.DrZeesaidthisisbecauselightstimulatesbrainactivity,whichraisesbloodsugarlevels.Shesaidtherearethreethingswecandotoreducetheriskofillness.Turnoffthelights,usealightblockingcurtainandwearaneyemask.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AChildren’sLiteratureTourAboutthistourAwalkingtourforbooklovingchildrenandtheirparents.Oxfordisacityfullofbooksandstorytelling.FromAlicewhofelldownarabbitholeintoWonderlandtochildrendiscoveringNarniaatthebackofawardrobe;andfromVikingstomodernyoungstersfindingadventureonrooftopsorinjungles,Oxfordhasstoriestosuitalltasteseandexplorethiscityofstoriesandstorytellersonthisfunliterarytour.Seetherealplacesthatinspiredyourfavouriteauthorsandcharacters,anddiscovernewbooksyou’dliketoread.“5stars!Thisisanexcellenttourforchildrenwholikebooks,introducingthemtosomeofOxford’smostwellknownhistoricbuildingsfromaperspectivethattheycanrelateto.”TripAdvisorreviewTourinformationThiswalkingtourisdeliveredinEnglish.Remendedforchildrenaged7andup.Allchildrenunder18mustbeacpaniedbyanadult.MeetyourtourguideonthefrontstepsoftheWestonLibraryYourticketincludesentrytotheDivinitySchoolafterthetour.Pleasenote:thetourdoesnotincludeaccesstotheBodleianLibrary.MoreinformationonVisitingthelibraries.ThetourinvolveswalkingaroundOxfordcitycentre.Ifsomeoneinyourpartyhasaccessibilityrequirements,pleasevisitAccessibilityformore.Dogsarenotallowedonourwalkingtours.VisitorswithassistancedogsshouldvisitAccessibilityformore.CheckourPlanyourvisitpageforupingclosuresthatmightaffecttoursScheduleddatesSaturday23August,13.0015.00Saturday27September,13.0015.00PricesChild(5+)￡7Child(under5)FreeAdult￡15Family＊￡45＊Max5people:upto3childrenunder16andupto2adults21.WhoisprobablyAliceinparagraph1?A.Amodernyoungsterlovingbooks. B.Aparentwhomentedlastweek.C.Afictionalcharacterfromanovel. D.AnauthorwholivesinOxfordnow.22.Whichlinkwillawheelchairuserclickformoreinformation?A.TripAdvisorreview B.Accessibility C.Visitingthelibraries D.Planyourvisit23.Howmuchwillafamily(2adults,2kids,aged4and10)onabudgetpayforthetour?A.￡30. B.￡37. C.￡44. D.￡45.【答案】21.C22.B23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了牛津兒童文學(xué)徒步之旅的活動(dòng)特色、適合人群、行程安排、時(shí)間、價(jià)格等關(guān)鍵信息，旨在吸引親子群體參與?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Aboutthistour部分中的“Oxfordisacityfullofbooksandstorytelling.FromAlicewhofelldownarabbitholeintoWonderlandtochildrendiscoveringNarniaatthebackofawardrobe;andfromVikingstomodernyoungstersfindingadventureonrooftopsorinjungles,Oxfordhasstoriestosuitalltastes(牛津是一座滿(mǎn)溢書(shū)香與故事的城市。從墜入兔子洞、進(jìn)入仙境的愛(ài)麗絲，到在衣櫥深處發(fā)現(xiàn)納尼亞王國(guó)的孩子們；從維京人的傳說(shuō)，到在屋頂或叢林中開(kāi)啟冒險(xiǎn)的現(xiàn)代少年——牛津的故事總能滿(mǎn)足不同人的喜好。)”可知，掉進(jìn)兔子洞進(jìn)入仙境的愛(ài)麗絲應(yīng)該是故事書(shū)中的虛構(gòu)人物。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Tourinformation部分中的“ThetourinvolveswalkingaroundOxfordcitycentre.Ifsomeoneinyourpartyhasaccessibilityrequirements,pleasevisitAccessibilityformore.(旅程需在牛津市中心區(qū)域步行。若同行人員有無(wú)障礙通行需求，請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn)“無(wú)障礙服務(wù)”頁(yè)面了解更多信息。)”可知，“accessibilityrequirements”包含輪椅使用者的無(wú)障礙通行需求，此類(lèi)人群需點(diǎn)擊“Accessibility”鏈接獲取更多信息。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Prices部分中的內(nèi)容可知，成人票為￡15，五歲以下兒童免票，五歲以上兒童￡7，家庭票￡45，但是家庭套餐“Max5people:upto3childrenunder16andupto2adults(最多5人：包含不超過(guò)3名16歲以下兒童及不超過(guò)2名成人)”不可超過(guò)5人。如果單獨(dú)購(gòu)票，2名成年人票價(jià)為15*2=30英鎊；四歲兒童免票；10歲兒童7英鎊，總計(jì)為37英鎊，比家庭票實(shí)惠。故選B。BEachmorning,thesoftsoundofslicingfillstheairataprocessingworkshopinZhangshu,Jiangxiprovince.YuanXiaoping,69,standsbyhisworkbench,skillfullyslicingwhitepeonyrootintopieces.Thetechniquemayseemeffortless,butitistheresultofmorethan50yearsofdisciplinedpractice.Yuanisanationallyrecognizedinheritor(繼承人)oftheZhangshutraditionalChinesemedicineprocessingtechnique,aformofcraftsmanshipnamedasnationalintangibleculturalheritagein2018.Forover1,800years,Zhangshu,China’smedicinecapital,hasperfectedtheartoftraditionalherbprocessing,transformingrawplantsintoprecisemedicine.Thiscraftreliesonfoursignaturetools:sharpknivesforpaperthinslicing,copperpotsforcontrolledheating,mineralrichlocalwater,andsecretmethodspassedfrommastertoapprentice.BornintoafamilywithatraditioninChinesemedicine,YuanbeganworkingasanapprenticeattheoldTiangitangpharmacyattheageof16.HelaterstudiedundermastercraftsmanYuShouxiang,whowasrenownedforhisexpertiseinmedicinal(藥用的)cutting.Yuandevoteddecadestomasteringcoreskillsofthecraft,includingsomespecializedmethods.Forhim,theheartofthecraftliesintwoskills:cuttingandprocessing.“Everystepdemandsprecision,butit’stheknifeworkthattrulystandsout:eachslicecuttoperfectthickness,almostlikeart.“Yuansaid.“Processingisnotjustaboutpreparingherbs.Itdemandsreverenceforthenaturalpropertiesofmedicinalherbsandtheapplicationofprecisemethodstounlocktheirmedicalvalue.”Despitemodernproductiontechnologies,Yuanbelievesmanyessentialstepsremaindependentonexperience.“Machinescancut,buttheycan’treadthecolor,smellortextureofherbs,”Yuansaid.“Sometechniquesaresimpleinappearance,buttheyrequireyearsofrepetitiontodowell.”24.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthetechnique?A.Itfeaturessimplicity B.Itisdismissedasimpractical.C.Itremainsunchanged. D.Itrequireseffortandaccuracy.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reverence”(Para.4)mean?A.Awe. B.Love. C.Talent. D.Blame.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYuan?A.Disciplinedandenergetic. B.mittedandhighlyskilled.C.Hardworkingandfriendly. D.Forwardthinkinganddevoted.27.WhatdoesYuan’sstorymainlyshow?A.Lookbeforeyouleap. B.Honestyisthebestpolicy.C.Practicemakesperfect. D.Strikewhiletheironishot.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了國(guó)家級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)樟樹(shù)中藥炮制技藝傳承人袁小平的工作日常、學(xué)藝經(jīng)歷及對(duì)技藝的理解，并介紹了樟樹(shù)中藥炮制技藝的特點(diǎn)與價(jià)值?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thetechniquemayseemeffortless,butitistheresultofmorethan50yearsofdisciplinedpractice.(這套動(dòng)作看似輕松自如，卻是他50多年刻苦練習(xí)的成果。)”和第四段““Everystepdemandsprecision,butit’stheknifeworkthattrulystandsout:eachslicecuttoperfectthickness,almostlikeart.“Yuansaid.(“每一步都講究精準(zhǔn)，但切片手藝最見(jiàn)真章——每一片都要切到厚度完美，幾乎像藝術(shù)品一樣。”袁小平說(shuō))”可知，樟樹(shù)中藥炮制技藝需要從業(yè)者付出長(zhǎng)期刻苦的努力，且每一步都要求精準(zhǔn)。故選D?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)單詞所在語(yǔ)境“Processingisnotjustaboutpreparingherbs.Itdemandsreverenceforthenaturalpropertiesofmedicinalherbsandtheapplicationofprecisemethodstounlocktheirmedicalvalue.(炮制不只是簡(jiǎn)單處理藥材。它需要……藥材的天然特性，還要用精準(zhǔn)的方法激發(fā)其藥用價(jià)值。)”可知，炮制藥材不僅是處理藥材，還需要對(duì)藥材的天然特性持有某種態(tài)度，才能通過(guò)精準(zhǔn)方法激發(fā)其藥用價(jià)值。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，這種態(tài)度應(yīng)是尊重、敬畏之情。選項(xiàng)A“Awe”意為“敬畏”，與此相符。故選A。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thetechniquemayseemeffortless,butitistheresultofmorethan50yearsofdisciplinedpractice.(這套動(dòng)作看似輕松自如，卻是他50多年刻苦練習(xí)的成果。)”以及第三段“Yuandevoteddecadestomasteringcoreskillsofthecraft,includingsomespecializedmethods.Forhim,theheartofthecraftliesintwoskills:cuttingandprocessing.(數(shù)十年來(lái)，袁小平潛心鉆研這項(xiàng)技藝的核心技法，其中還包括一些特殊炮制方法。在他看來(lái)，這項(xiàng)技藝的核心在于兩大工序：切片與炮制。)”可知，袁小平50多年刻苦練習(xí)技藝、數(shù)十年鉆研核心技法，體現(xiàn)他對(duì)中藥炮制技藝的專(zhuān)注投入；而他能嫻熟切片、掌握獨(dú)門(mén)技法，則體現(xiàn)了他技藝精湛。故選B。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thetechniquemayseemeffortless,butitistheresultofmorethan50yearsofdisciplinedpractice.(這套動(dòng)作看似輕松自如，卻是他50多年刻苦練習(xí)的成果。)”和第五段袁小平所說(shuō)的話(huà)““Sometechniquesaresimpleinappearance,buttheyrequireyearsofrepetitiontodowell.(有些技法看起來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單，卻需要多年反復(fù)練習(xí)才能做好。)”可知，袁小平的技藝并非天生，而是靠50多年刻苦練習(xí)、多年反復(fù)打磨才達(dá)成，體現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)期練習(xí)造就精湛技藝。故選C。CInlate2005,fivemonthsafteracaraccident,a23yearoldwomanlayunresponsiveinahospitalbed.Shehadaseverebraininjuryandshowednosignofawareness.Butwhenresearchersscanningherbrainaskedhertoimagineplayingtennis,somethingstrikinghappened:brainareaslinkedtomovementlituponherscan.Theexperiment,conductedbyneuroscientistAdrianOwenandhiscolleagues,suggestedthatthewomanunderstoodtheinstructionsanddecidedtocooperate—despiteappearingtobeunresponsive.Owen,nowatWesternUniversityinLondon,Canada,andhiscolleagueshadintroducedanewwaytotestforconsciousness(意識(shí)).Whereassomeprevioustestsreliedonobservinggeneralbrainactivities,thisstrategyzeroedinonanactivitydirectlylinkedtoaresearcher’sverbalmand.Thestrategyhassincebeenappliedtohundredsofunresponsivepeople,revealingthatmanymaintainaninnerlifeandareawareoftheworldaroundthem,atleasttosomeextent.A2024studyfoundthatoneinfourpeoplewhowerephysicallyunresponsivehadbrainactivitythatsuggestedtheycouldunderstandandfollowmandstoimaginespecificactivities,suchasplayingtennisorwalkingthroughafamiliarspace.Thetestsrelyonadvancedneuroimagingtechniques,sotheyaremostlylimitedtoresearchsettingsbecauseoftheirhighcostsandtheneededexpertise.Butsince2018,medicalguidelineshavestartedtoremendusingthesetestsinclinicalpractice.Althoughscientistsagreethere’salotofroomforimprovement,manyseethedevelopmentofconsciousnessteststhatrelyonfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI)asoneofthefield’smostsignificantadvancements.“Itwasunthinkable40yearsagothatwewouldhaveanumberofcandidatesforpracticalwaystotestconsciousnessinunresponsivepeople,”saysneuroscientistChristofKoch,apraiseworthyinvestigatorattheAllenInstituteforBrainScienceinSeattle,Washington.“That’sbigprogress.”28.Whatmadethenewwayspecial?A.Itcuredanunresponsivewoman. B.Itfocusedonauniquebrainactivity.C.Itcountedondirectobservation. D.Itchallengedprevioustests’results.29.Whatisthelimitationofthetests?A.Immaturetechniques. B.Alackofexperimentsubjects.C.plexprocedures. D.Aneedformoneyandexpertise.30WhatisKoch’sattitudetowardsthetests?A.Approving. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Indifferent.31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Animportantadvanceinmedicalinstruments. B.Ahugechangeinimprovingexperimenttools.C.Anewwaytodetectconsciousnessinhumans. D.Abigbreakthroughinintelligenceassessment.【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了神經(jīng)科學(xué)家通過(guò)腦掃描技術(shù)檢測(cè)無(wú)反應(yīng)患者意識(shí)的實(shí)驗(yàn)，闡述該技術(shù)的原理、應(yīng)用成果、當(dāng)前局限及在意識(shí)研究領(lǐng)域的重要意義?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Whereassomeprevioustestsreliedonobservinggeneralbrainactivities,thisstrategyzeroedinonanactivitydirectlylinkedtoaresearcher’sverbalmand.(以往的一些檢測(cè)方法依賴(lài)觀察整體腦部活動(dòng)，而這種新方法則聚焦于與研究人員口頭指令直接相關(guān)的腦部活動(dòng)。)”可知，以往檢測(cè)方法依賴(lài)觀察整體腦部活動(dòng)，而這種新方法聚焦于與研究人員口頭指令直接相關(guān)的特定腦部活動(dòng)，這是它的特別之處。故選B。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thetestsrelyonadvancedneuroimagingtechniques,sotheyaremostlylimitedtoresearchsettingsbecauseoftheirhighcostsandtheneededexpertise.(這類(lèi)檢測(cè)依賴(lài)先進(jìn)的神經(jīng)成像技術(shù)，由于成本高昂且需要專(zhuān)業(yè)操作，目前大多局限于研究場(chǎng)景。)”可知，這類(lèi)檢測(cè)因依賴(lài)先進(jìn)神經(jīng)成像技術(shù)，受限于高昂成本和對(duì)專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)的需求，這是其主要局限。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段““Itwasunthinkable40yearsagothatwewouldhaveanumberofcandidatesforpracticalwaystotestconsciousnessinunresponsivepeople,”saysneuroscientistChristofKoch,apraiseworthyinvestigatorattheAllenInstituteforBrainScienceinSeattle,Washington.“That’sbigprogress.”(“40年前，沒(méi)人能想到我們會(huì)有多種切實(shí)可行的方法，用于檢測(cè)無(wú)反應(yīng)患者的意識(shí)，”華盛頓州西雅圖市艾倫腦科學(xué)研究所的知名研究員、神經(jīng)科學(xué)家ChristofKoch表示，“這是巨大的進(jìn)步?！?”可知，Koch認(rèn)為40年前無(wú)法想象能有切實(shí)方法檢測(cè)無(wú)反應(yīng)患者意識(shí)，并稱(chēng)這是巨大的進(jìn)步，明顯表達(dá)了認(rèn)可態(tài)度。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Owen,nowatWesternUniversityinLondon,Canada,andhiscolleagueshadintroducedanewwaytotestforconsciousness(意識(shí)).(Owen目前任職于加拿大倫敦市的西安大略大學(xué)，他和同事共同提出了一種檢測(cè)意識(shí)的新方法。)”、第三段“Thestrategyhassincebeenappliedtohundredsofunresponsivepeople,revealingthatmanymaintainaninnerlifeandareawareoftheworldaroundthem,atleasttosomeextent.(此后，該方法已應(yīng)用于數(shù)百名無(wú)反應(yīng)患者，結(jié)果顯示，許多患者仍保有內(nèi)在意識(shí)，且至少在一定程度上能感知周?chē)澜纭?”以及第四段“Althoughscientistsagreethere’salotofroomforimprovement,manyseethedevelopmentofconsciousnessteststhatrelyonfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI)asoneofthefield’smostsignificantadvancements.(盡管科學(xué)家們一致認(rèn)為該領(lǐng)域仍有很大改進(jìn)空間，但許多人將依托功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）的意識(shí)檢測(cè)技術(shù)發(fā)展，視為該領(lǐng)域最重要的進(jìn)展之一。)”可知，全文圍繞神經(jīng)科學(xué)家提出的檢測(cè)人類(lèi)意識(shí)的新方法展開(kāi)，介紹了其起源、應(yīng)用、局限及領(lǐng)域內(nèi)評(píng)價(jià)，主題為該新檢測(cè)方法。故選C。DGiveagroupofscientiststhesamedataandthesameresearchquestion,andtheyshouldeupwithsimilaranswersintheory.Buttheydon’t,accordingtoapaperpublishedinBMCBiology,whichfindsthat246ecologistsanalyzingthesamedatasetsreachedwidelyvaryingconclusions,withsomefindingeffectsintotallyoppositedirections.Ph.D.aperisthelatestinalineof“manyanalyst”projectsthatexaminehowresultscanvarybecauseofscientists’decisionsduringdataanalysis—andthefirsttostudytheeffectsinecology.Tofindouthowmuchthosedecisionsaffecttheresults,ElliotGould,aPh.D.studentattheUniversityofMelbourne,andtheircolleaguesrecruited246ecologists,workingin174teams,toanswertwodifferentresearchquestions,eachbasedonasingledataset.Thefindingsmatchupwiththeresultsofpreviousmanyanalyststudies,andshow“thepowerfulroleofsubjectiveresearcherchoicesinscientificprojects,”saysEricUhlmann,anorganizationalpsychologist.Gouldsays:Researchershavetodecidewhichvariablestocontrolfor,forexample,andhowtodealwithmissingdata.“Andthosedifferentchoicesthatwemakecankindofmultiply.”It’simpossibletoknowwhethertheproblemaffectsanentirefieldfromjustoneortwoexamples,saysE?tv?sLorándUniversitymetascientistBalazsAczel.Tofindout,heisrunningaprojecttohavemultipleanalystseachtackleaquestionfrom100randomlychosensocialsciencepapers.Butsimilarfindingshavepoppedupinarangeoffields—includingneuroscienceandeconomics—andsuggest“wearefacingaveryseriousissue,”hesays.AnneScheel,ametascientistatUtrechtUniversity,saysthemanyanalystfindingsdon’tmeanfieldslikeecologyandpsychologycan’tensurereliableresults.Suchfieldstendtoaskbroadquestionsthatleavealotofchoicesuptoresearchers.“Thehardersciencesseemtohavemoresuccessingtoagreementondifficultquestions,”shesays.“Ithinkthathassomethingtodowithhowpreciselythingsaredefined.”32.WhatdidtheBMCBiologypaperfocuson?A.Thecollectionofdatainecology. B.Thecauseofcontradictoryresults.C.Theeffectofchoicesonconclusions. D.Theparisonofdifferentmethods.33.Whatcontributestothevaryingconclusionsaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Researchpreference. B.Uniformdata. C.Teamdivision. D.Traininggaps.34.WhathasledBalazsAczeltosay“wearefacingaveryseriousissue”?A.Theuncertaintyofecologicalstudies. B.Thechallengeinchoosingquestions.C.Therestrictioninresearchapproaches. D.Theevidencefrommultipledisciplines.35.WhatisAnneScheel’ssuggestiononensuringreliableresults?A.Broadeningscale. B.Deepeningresearch. C.Increasingdifficulty. D.Improvingprecision【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹《BMC生物學(xué)》論文發(fā)現(xiàn)科學(xué)家分析相同數(shù)據(jù)卻得出不同結(jié)論及學(xué)者對(duì)此的觀點(diǎn)。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ecology..isthelatestinalineof“manyanalyst”projectsthatexaminehowresultscanvarybecauseofscientists’decisionsduringdataanalysis—andthefirsttostudytheeffectsinecology..(這篇論文是一系列“多分析師”項(xiàng)目中的最新一篇，這些項(xiàng)目研究科學(xué)家在數(shù)據(jù)分析過(guò)程中的決策如何導(dǎo)致結(jié)果不同——也是首個(gè)在生態(tài)學(xué)領(lǐng)域研究這種影響的項(xiàng)目)”可知，該論文聚焦“科學(xué)家的選擇對(duì)結(jié)論產(chǎn)生的影響”。故選C項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thefindingsmatchupwiththeresultsofpreviousmanyanalyststudies,andshow“thepowerfulroleofsubjectiveresearcherchoicesinscientificprojects,”saysEricUhlmann,anorganizationalpsychologist.Gouldsays:Researchershavetodecidewhichvariablestocontrolfor,forexample,andhowtodealwithmissingdata.“Andthosedifferentchoicesthatwemakecankindofmultiply.”(組織心理學(xué)家埃里克·烏爾曼表示，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)與之前的多分析師研究結(jié)果一致，表明“研究者的主觀選擇在科學(xué)項(xiàng)目中具有重要作用”。古爾德說(shuō)：例如，研究者必須決定控制哪些變量，以及如何處理缺失的數(shù)據(jù)?！岸覀冏龀龅倪@些不同選擇，其影響可能會(huì)不斷放大。”)”可知，研究者的主觀選擇偏好導(dǎo)致結(jié)論不同。故選A項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Butsimilarfindingshavepoppedupinarangeoffields—includingneuroscienceandeconomics—andsuggest“wearefacingaveryseriousissue,”hesays.(但他表示，類(lèi)似的發(fā)現(xiàn)在一系列領(lǐng)域——包括神經(jīng)科學(xué)和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)——都出現(xiàn)了，這表明“我們正面臨一個(gè)非常嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題”)”可知，多學(xué)科出現(xiàn)類(lèi)似現(xiàn)象的證據(jù)，讓巴拉茲·阿采爾認(rèn)為問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的““Thehardersciencesseemtohavemoresuccessingtoagreementondifficultquestions,”shesays.“Ithinkthathassomethingtodowithhowpreciselythingsaredefined.”(“硬科學(xué)在難題上達(dá)成共識(shí)的成功率似乎更高，”她說(shuō)。“我認(rèn)為這與事物定義的精確程度有關(guān)。”)”可知，安妮·謝爾認(rèn)為“精確性”有助于達(dá)成共識(shí)，因此建議通過(guò)提高精確性確保結(jié)果可靠。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ShayLokoregularlyoffersadviceonjobhuntingandnailinginterviews.InaTikTokvideo,sheadvised:“OnethingIcouldtelleveryoneaboutinterviewsthattheyneedtounderstandisthis.____36____Inorderforyoutoturnyournextinterviewintoaconversation,herearemyrulesthatIwantyoutofollow.”Breakthemould.Onekeytipsheemphasisesistobreakthemould(模式)atthestartofyourinterview.Sheadvised.“Youmightbetheirfifthinterviewoftheday.Theyarebored.Whentheysay,‘Hey,howareyou?’,youdon’tsay,‘I’mgood,thanks’,yousaysomethingdifferent.Youbringsomeenergy.”____37____Don’tsaveallyourquestionsfortheend.Ifyou’regoingforajobinterview,it’slikelyyou’llhavesomequestionsreadytoasktheinterviewer.However,Shayadvisedagainstleavingtheseuntiltheendoftheinterview.____38____Sheexplainedthatdoingthisallowsyoutoturntheinterviewintoabackandforthdialogue,transformingitintoaconversation.Askquestionsyouandtheygenuinelycareabout.Shayadvised:“Thisisnowreferringtothequestionsattheveryend.____39____People’sfavouritethingtodoistalkaboutthemselves.”Shesuggeststhataskingyourintervieweraboutthemselvescandemonstrateyourinterestinlearningaboutthem,justastheyareinterestedinlearningmoreaboutyou.____40____Oneusermented:“Yourpersonalitywillalwayshelpyoulandajob”whichreceived400likes,makingitthetopment.Anotheruseraddedthatherinterviewturnedintoachatandthenlater,ajoboffer.Shay’svideoalsopromptedafloodofothermentsfromthosewhopraisedhertips,including“l(fā)ovethisadvice”and“greattips!”A.Interviewsareconversations.B.RememberthatbothofyousharethesamebackgroundC.Shayunderstandsthatpeopleoftenforgetoneessentialthing.D.Askthepersonthat’sinterviewingyouabouttheirbackgroundE.Shayemphasisedthatthegoalistobememorableandlikeable.F.Thecareercoach’svideohasreceivednumerousviewsandmentsG.Shesuggestedmakingsureyouweavequesti