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專題四七選五(二)

【題型把握】

該題型的閱讀材料長度為3()0詞左右,文中有五處空白,文后有七個(gè)選項(xiàng),要求考生從

短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出五個(gè)能填入文章空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。該題型要求考生從整體上把握

文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和前后文聯(lián)系,理解句子之間、段落之間的關(guān)系,對(duì)諸如連貫性、一致性等

語段特征有較強(qiáng)的意識(shí)和熟練的把握,并具備運(yùn)用語法知識(shí)分析和理解長難句的能力。

【考綱解讀及命題趨勢】

近年來,高考“7選5”的選文以說明文居多,主要考查標(biāo)題概括、主題句和過渡句等。

今后,對(duì)主題句及過渡句的考查將仍是“7選5”的考查重點(diǎn)。

【解題技巧】

步驟1通讀整篇文章

快速瀏覽文章,把握段落文脈,尋找主題句,理出文章中心,掌握文章結(jié)構(gòu)及文章大意。

注意文章的開始與結(jié)束段落,尤其是文章首段及末段的首尾句,因?yàn)椤伴_門見山”與“結(jié)尾

總結(jié)”為常見的寫作方式。首段的首尾句很可能是全文的主題所在,并可能簡要指出了文章

的寫作思路,有時(shí)甚至?xí)蕴峋V的形式呈現(xiàn)。

步驟2詳讀段落

在短時(shí)間內(nèi),找出每段的關(guān)鍵詞,注意關(guān)鍵詞之間的關(guān)系。將所有句子按意義分出層次,再

分析各層次之間的關(guān)系,明確各段的主題句或主旨大意。

步驟3定位選項(xiàng)

明確各選項(xiàng)的含義,抓住其關(guān)鍵詞,根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)與具體內(nèi)容,將選項(xiàng)填入文中。填寫

時(shí)尤其要注意各選項(xiàng)與前后句之間的銜接手段及句中的銜接標(biāo)志詞。

步驟4通讀復(fù)檢

將所選答案代入文中,再次通讀全文,重點(diǎn)檢查邏輯關(guān)系。

【知識(shí)清單】

一.命題方式

1、體裁以說明文為主,間或考查記敘文或議論文。主要圍繞人與自然、人與社會(huì)、人與自

我三大主題。

2、傾向于不帶標(biāo)題或段落小標(biāo)題,但文章大都結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。

3、設(shè)空位置以段中為主,從功能上來說主要考查:

⑴主旨概括句(文章整體內(nèi)容)

⑵過渡性句子(文章結(jié)構(gòu))

⑶注釋性句子(上下文邏輯關(guān)系)

二.選項(xiàng)特征

文中的五處空白一般分布于各個(gè)段落的段首、段中或段尾。其選項(xiàng)一般分為四類:主題

概括句、過渡句(反映文章結(jié)溝)、細(xì)節(jié)理解句(反映上下文邏輯關(guān)系)、結(jié)論句。多余的兩個(gè)選

項(xiàng)也往往從這四個(gè)方面設(shè)置,例如主題概括句或過于寬泛或以偏概全或偏離主題,過渡句不

能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu),細(xì)節(jié)理解句與上下文脫節(jié)等。

三,常用解題方法

策略1分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)

分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)及把握全文脈絡(luò)是解題的關(guān)鍵。語篇通常由段落構(gòu)成,所以分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)包括兩個(gè)層次:

一是分析段落之間的層次,也就是語篇層次;二是分析每個(gè)段落內(nèi)部的層次,即句際層次,尤其是選項(xiàng)與

前后句之間的邏輯關(guān)系,這是確定答案的主要依據(jù)。

策略2辨別語境線索

語境線索主要指反映上下文關(guān)系的銜接手段,如篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、原文復(fù)現(xiàn)、邏輯關(guān)系、連接、指稱、同構(gòu)

等,

原文復(fù)現(xiàn)是指詞或短語的重復(fù)出現(xiàn),但這里不僅是指詞或知語的簡單重現(xiàn),還指某一詞或短語可能以

不同詞性、數(shù)、格、時(shí)態(tài)等形式出現(xiàn),ill!read,reading,reader,readers,還可能是以同義詞、近義詞甚至反

義詞等形式出現(xiàn)。

邏輯關(guān)系是指上下文之間內(nèi)在的、必然的聯(lián)系,包括時(shí)間先后關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系等。

連接是指用連接詞或連接語表明上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系,如and,however。

指稱是指用代詞替代前文已出現(xiàn)的人物、事件、物品等,如he,she,they。

同構(gòu)是指上下文使用了相同或類似的句式。

策略3注意一些關(guān)鍵詞

(1)注意代詞。代詞是用來指代名詞或句子的。做題時(shí),一定要注意句中出現(xiàn)的人稱代詞或指示代詞,

通過代詞在句中所作的成分推斷出它指代的成分的類型,進(jìn)而從選項(xiàng)中找到答案。

(2)注意疑問詞。如果選項(xiàng)中或設(shè)空處前出現(xiàn)疑問詞,一定要把這句話仔細(xì)讀幾遍,因?yàn)獒槍?duì)不同疑問

詞的回答方式是不一樣的。比如對(duì)why的回答,要用because等表示原因的詞;對(duì)when的回答,要用表

示時(shí)間的狀語;對(duì)where的回答,要用表示地點(diǎn)的狀語;對(duì)how的回答,要用表示方式或程度的狀語等。

(3)注意連接詞或短語。

①因果關(guān)系:so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等;

②并列關(guān)系:first,second,third;firstly,secondly,thirdly;first,next,then;inthefirstplace,inthesecond

place;foronething,foranother等;

③轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:but,however,nevertheless,nonetheless,instead,though,yet,onthecontrary,bycontrast,

conversely,otherwise等;

④遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:also,further,furthermore,moreover,inaddition,what'smore,notonly...butalso...等。

【專項(xiàng)練習(xí)】

A

Catbehaviorscanvaryenormouslyfromonecattoanother.Theyarecertainlyinterestingcreatureswith

manycuteandsometimesstrangehabitsthatoftenhaveuswondering.1

Whydocatslikehighplaces?Wildcatswerehunters,andfrequentinghighplacesmeanttheyhad

somewheresafetoviewtheirlerritcry,watchfordanger,andattackprey.2Ourdomesticatedcatsalso

enjoywatching(heworldfromabove,whichprovidesthemwithasafe,calmplaceawayfromtheaciiviiyina

house.

3Bothwildanddomesticcatsaredrawntohidingandsleepingincontainedareas.Athome,itis

oftenthehumblecardboardbox.Catsarepredators,andaboxoffersaperfectplacetohidewhilewaitingforprey

andalsotopouncefrom,asonlyoneentranceexists.

Whydoesmycatgive"gifts''?Catsarcwellknownfbrleavingusgiftsthatwemaynotwant,suchaslizards

ormice.4Showingofftheircatchtoyoumeansyouarcapartoftheirfamilyandtheywanttoshowyou

theirhuntingskills.5Besuretoofferyourcatavarietyoftoystohelpthemsatisfythesenaturalhunting

instincts.

【選項(xiàng)】

A.Whydocatssitinboxes?

B.Catsarepredatorsandwillhunlifallowedoutdoors.

C.Whydocatslikeplayingwithboxes?

D.ThisappearstoheembeddedintotheirDNA.

E.Don'texpressanger,astheywillnotunderstand.

知,講的是關(guān)于捕獵方面的話題,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)B項(xiàng)“貓是食肉動(dòng)物,如果被允許到戶外,它們就會(huì)捕獵。”也

是講的關(guān)于捕獵方面的事情,下文是對(duì)該空格處內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充解釋,上下文語意連貫。故選B項(xiàng);

5.根據(jù)上文“Catsarewellknownforleavingusgiftsthatwemaynotwant,suchaslizardsormice.5'(眾所周知,

貓會(huì)給我們留下我們可能不想要的禮物,比如蜥蜴或老鼠。)和“Showingofftheircatchtoyoumeansyouare

apartof(heirfamilyandtheywanttoshowyoutheirhuntingskills."(向你炫耀它們的獵物意味著你是它們家

庭的一員,它們想向你展示它們的狩獵技能。)講的是貓給我們帶來不喜歡的東西,但這只是貓想向你展

示它們的狩獵技能。以及卜文“Besuretoofferyourcatavarietyoftoystohelpthemsatisfythesenatural

huntinginstincts."(一定要給你的貓?zhí)峁└鞣N各樣的玩具,幫助它們滿足這些自然的狩獵本能。)講的是盡

量滿足貓的狩獵本能,可知貓沒錯(cuò),故可推斷空格處內(nèi)容為不要對(duì)貓表達(dá)出我們的不滿。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)E項(xiàng)“不

要表達(dá)憤怒,因?yàn)樗鼈儾粫?huì)理解符合此推斷,上下文語意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。

B

Friendshipisaverybeautifulbondinwhichnooneisbigorsrr.all,nooneisrichorpoor,andnooneisugly

orbeautiful.6Infriendship,therearenotermsandconditions.Thereisnoagefactorinfriendship.Each

personhashisorherownmind,ownviews,andownperspectiveonlife.Youcanlearnalotfromeveryoneof

yourfriends.

7Itisbesttohaveonegoodfriendwhoacceptsyouasyouare,whobridgesgapsandnsverletsyou

fall.AstheancientGreekpoetEuripidesputit,“Friendsshowtheirloveintimesoftrouble,notinhappiness?'

Behappyandcheerfulaboutyourfriends'success.Alwaysstandbyyourfriends.8Givewhatever

youwantfromyourfriends,likehonesty,love,supportandunderstanding,andneverboasttoyourfriendswhen

youaremoresuccessful.

9.youwillbefriendless.Everybodyhaslaws.Andforagoodfindship.weneedpatience,because

patienceisthekeytoeverything.Abeautifulfriendshipislikeachildhoodfriendship,freeofjealousyandfullof

love.Childrenareunawareofbadfeelings,whereangercansuddenlyarise.Thisisthequalitythatmakeschildren

pureandspecial.10Thatiswhytheyarelovedbyeveryone.

【選項(xiàng)】

A.Whenyoumeetanoldfriendinaparty

B.Ifyouarelookingforafriendwhoisfaultless

C.Askyournewfriendsquestionsaboutthemselves.

D.Friendshipmeansunderstanding,bondingandhelpfulness.

E.Onegoodfriendisbetterthanthousandsofordinaryfriends.

F.Neverbeselfish,andalwaystrytogivemoreandexpectless.

G.Foragoodfriendship,oneneedstruelove,andchildrenarefulloflove.

【答案】

6.D

7.E

8.F

9.B

10.G

【詳解】

本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是作者對(duì)友誼的見解和看法;

6.根據(jù)1:文“Friendshipisaverybeautifulbondinwhichnooneisbigorsmall,nooneisrichorpoor,andno

oneisuglyorbeautiful.(友誼是?種非常美麗的紐帶,其中沒有人是大是小,沒有人是富人或貧窮,沒有人

是H陋或美麗的)“可知,友誼沒有大小,貧賤,丑美之分;下文中的“Infriendship,therearenotennsand

conditions.(在友誼中。沒有條款和條件)”可知,友誼沒有條款和條件,所以該空應(yīng)該為承上啟下,D選項(xiàng)

“Friendshipmeansunderstanding,bondingandhelpfulness.(友誼意味著理解、聯(lián)系和樂于助人)”切合題意。故

選D項(xiàng);

7.下文“Itisbesttohaveonegoocfriendwhoacceptsyouasyouare,whobridgesgapsandneverletsyou

最好有一個(gè)好朋友,他接受你的本來面目,彌合差距,永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)讓你跌倒)”中的onegoodfriend與E

選項(xiàng)“Onegoodfriendisbetterthanthousandsofordinaryfhends.(一個(gè)好朋友勝過萬千個(gè)普通朋友)”中的one

goodfriend所指內(nèi)容相同。故選E項(xiàng);

8.根據(jù)上文“Behappyandchccrf.ilaboutyourfriends'success.Alwaysstandbyyourfriends.(為朋友的成功感

到奇興和快樂。永遠(yuǎn)支持你的朋友)”可知,此處講述的是要始終站在朋友這邊支持自己的朋友,下文“Give

whateveryouwantfromyourfriends,likehonesty,love,supportandunderstanding,andneverboasttoyour

friendswhenyouaremoresuccessful.(從朋友那里得到你想要的任何東西,比如誠實(shí)、愛、支持和理解,當(dāng)

你更成功時(shí),永遠(yuǎn)不要向你的朋友吹噓)”講述的是要給予朋友誠實(shí),愛,支持和理解,所以該處選擇的內(nèi)

容是對(duì)待朋友的態(tài)度,F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Neverbeselfish,andalwaystrytogivemoreandexpectless.(永遠(yuǎn)不要自私,總

是努力付出更多,期望更少)”切合題意。故選F項(xiàng);

9.分析該空的特點(diǎn),空后為逗號(hào),且空后為句子,所以根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,該空應(yīng)該為帶有連詞的句子

結(jié)構(gòu),或者是非謂語結(jié)構(gòu),B選項(xiàng)“Ifyouarclookingfbrafriendwhoisfaultless(如果你正在尋找一個(gè)完美無

缺的朋友)”與A選項(xiàng)"Whenyoumeetanoldfriendinaparty(當(dāng)你在聚會(huì)上遇到老朋友時(shí)戶符合句子結(jié)構(gòu)條

件,結(jié)合下文“youwillbefriendless.(你會(huì)沒有朋友)”可知,B選項(xiàng)銜接上下文。故選B項(xiàng);

10.根據(jù)上文“Thisisthequalitythatmakeschildrenpureandspecial.(正是這種品質(zhì)讓孩子變得純潔而特別)”

與下文“Thatiswhytheyarelovedbyeveryone.(這就是為什么他們受到所有人的喜愛)”可知,代詞they指代

的是children,且講述的是友誼與兒童一樣,都需要愛,G選項(xiàng)“Foragoodfriendship,oneneedstinelove,and

childrenarefulloflove.(為了一段美好的友誼,一個(gè)人需要真愛,而孩子充滿了愛)”將上下文循接,符合上

下文內(nèi)容。故選G項(xiàng)。

c

Areyoufrequentlydepressedbythefeelingthatlifeisleavingyoubehindparticularlywhenyoulookover

socialmediasitesandarefacedwithalltheexcitingthingsyourfriendsareupto11

FOMO,orFearofMissingOutreferstotheperceptionthatotherpeople'slivesarcsuperiortoourown.It

appearsasadeepsenseofenvy,andconstantexposuretoitcanhaveaweakeningeffectonoursclfcstccm(自尊).

Whilefeelingsofenvyandlackofconfidenceseemtobehumannature,socialmediaseemstohaveadded

fueltothefire.12Socialmedia,withitsbuiltinappeal,allowsustoshareonlythebestpresentationsofour

life,whileleavingoutthemoreboringaspects.Althoughthiscouldbecharacterizedasdishonest,itisthe

atmospheresocialmediaseemstodemand.Sohowdoweavoidbeingtrappedintoourowninsecuritiesbysocial

media?

Consideryourownsocialmediaposts.13Wei1,sohaveothers.Andwhatthey'velefthiddenisthe

factthatboredom,lonelinessandunpleasantchoresareanunavoidablepartofeveryone'slife,andyou'renotthe

onlyonefeelingleftout.

14Youmaynotbearegularatfancypartiesoraclimberofdizzyingpeaks,butyouhaveyourhealth,

aplacetoliveandrealfriendswhoappreciateyourpresenceintheirlives.

Leantoshakeitoff.Wearcallfloodeddailywithphotosofothirpeople'sperfections,butreally,whatdoes

itmatterj5Andevenifyouarcmoreeasilyaffectedthanothersbysocialmediaenvy,allyouneedtodoisto

lookaroundyouandacknowledgetliatyouaredoingprettywellafterall.

【選項(xiàng)】

A.Ifso,youarenotalone.

B.Valueyourfriendsinreallife.

C.Leanitoappreciatethepositives.

D.Whydoesithavesuchastimulatingeffect?

E.TheyareprobablynomorerealthanthefunniestrealityTVshow.

F.Thefeelingthatweareleftouthaslongtermdamagingpsychologicalconsequences.

G.Haveyoueverchosenphotosthatleadotherstotherosiestconclusionsaboutyourlife?

【答案】

11.A

12.D

13.G

14.C

15.E

【詳解】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何避免社交媒體中的嫉妒感;

11.根據(jù)前句"Areyoufrequentlydepressedbythefeelingthatlifeisleavingyoubehindparticularlywhenyou

lookoversocialmediasitesandarefacedwithalltheexcitingthingsyourfriendsareupto?(你是否經(jīng)常感到生

活離你而去,尤其是當(dāng)你瀏覽社交媒體網(wǎng)站時(shí),面對(duì)著朋友們正在做的所有令人興奮的事情?「及下一段

“FOMO,orFearofMissingOutreferstotheperceptionthatotherpeople'slivesaresuperiortoourown.It

appearsasadeepsenseofenvy,andconstantexposuretoitcanhaveaweakeningeffectonoursclfcstccm(自

尊j.(FOMO指的是別人的生活比我們自己的生活更優(yōu)越的看法。它表現(xiàn)為一種強(qiáng)烈的嫉妒感,持續(xù)暴露在

這種情緒下會(huì)削弱我們的自尊。)“可知,空處為承上啟下句,即強(qiáng)烈的嫉妒感是很多人都有的感覺,引出

下文對(duì)FOMO的介紹。所以選擇項(xiàng)A“Ifso,youarenotalone.(如果是這樣,你并不孤單。)”符合上下文語境。

故選A;

12.根據(jù)前句“Whilefeelingsofenvyandlackofconfidenceseemtobehumannature,socialmediaseemsto

haveaddedfuel(o(hefire.(嫉妒和缺乏自信似乎是人類的天性,而社交媒體似乎在火上澆油。廠和后文

“Socialmedia,withitsbuiltinappeal,allowsustoshareonly(hebestpresentationsofourlife,whileleavingout

themoreboringaspects.Although(hiscouldbecharacterizedasdishonest,itistheatmospheresocialmedia

seemstodemand.(社交媒體,以其固有的吸引力,讓我們只分享我們生活中最好的一面,而忽略了更無聊

的方面。雖然這可以被定性為不誠實(shí),但這似乎是社交媒體所需要的氛圍。戶可知,空處提向社交媒體為

什么會(huì)有火上澆油的刺激作用,以引出下文對(duì)其原因的介紹。所以選擇項(xiàng)D-Whydocsithavesucha

stimulatingeffect?(為什么它有這樣的刺激作用?)“符合上下文語境。故選D;

13.根據(jù)前句“Consideryourownsocialmediaposts.(考慮嚇你自己的社交媒體帖子。)“和后文"Well,so

haveothers.Andwhatthey,velefthiddenisthefactthatboredom,lonelinessandunpleasantchoresarcan

unavoidablepartofeveryone'slife,andyou'renottheonlyonefeelingleftout.(其他人也是如此。而他們所隱

藏的事實(shí)是,無聊、孤獨(dú)和不愉快的家務(wù)是每個(gè)人生活中不可避免的一部分,你不是唯一一個(gè)被忽略的人。)”

可知,呈現(xiàn)在社交媒體上一般都是經(jīng)過選擇過的,代表生活美好方面的。所以選擇項(xiàng)G-Haveyoueverchosen

photosthatleadothersto(herosiestconclusionsaboutyourlife?(你有沒有選擇過一些照片,讓別人對(duì)你的生

活得出最美好的結(jié)論?)”符合上下文語境。故選G:

14.空處為本段主題句,根據(jù)后文“Youmaynotbearegularatfancypartiesoraclimberofdizzyingpeaks,but

youhaveyourhealth,aplacetoliveandrealfriendswhoappreciateyourpresenceintheirlives.(你可能不是高

檔派對(duì)的???,也不是攀登令人眼花繚亂的高峰的人,但你有健康的身體,有居住的地方,有真正的朋友,

他們會(huì)欣賞你在他們生活中的存在。戶可知,本段主要介紹要學(xué)會(huì)欣賞積極的事物。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“Learnto

appreciatethepositives.(學(xué)會(huì)欣賞積極的事物。)“符合上下文語境。故選C;

15.根據(jù)前句“Weareallfloodeddailywithphotosofotherpeoplesperfections,butreally,whatdoesitmatter?

(我們每天都被別人完美的照片淹沒,但說真的,這有什么關(guān)系呢?)“可知,我們不能社交媒體上的完美照

片i勺影響,因?yàn)樗鼈儾灰欢ㄊ钦鎸?shí)的。所以選擇項(xiàng)E**Theyareprobablynomorerealthanthefunniestreality

TVshow.(它們可能并不比最有趣的電視真人秀更真實(shí)。戶符合上下文語境。故選E。

D

Inlife,therearelotsofskillsweneed(olearntonavigatetheworld.Wegotoschooltolearnhowtoread,

write,anddomath,etc.Buttherearesomeskillsyoudon'lgettaughtinschoolthatcanhelpyougrowandendup

payingoffnotjustintheshortterm,butthroughoutyourwholelife.16.

WorkingOutConsistently

Thehardestpartaboutworkingoutisn'tliftingweightsorrunninglongdistances.17.Learninghow

tomaketimeinyourlife,atallstagesofyourlife,togotothegym.hitthepavement,orrolloutyouryogamatis

oneofthegreatestbattlesyoumayfacewithinyourself.Ifyoucanmasterexercisingconsistently,thepayoffwill

behuge.

Meditation(冥想)

18.Manypeoplepracticemeditationduringtheirentirelivestoimprovetheirmeditationskills.But

scienceshows(hatevenmeditatingfbrjustafewminutesadaycanhavevastimprovementsonyourlifeand

brain.Meditationcanhelpyoufocusonthepresentmoment,buildstressmanagementskills,increasecreativity

andpatience,andreducenegativeemotions.Meditationalsohassomemajorlongtermbenefits.

19

Thewayyoumunicatewiththeworlddetermineshowtheworldinteractswithyou.Ifyoucanorally

municateyourneeds,thoughts,andgoalswithothersinaneffectiveway,youhaveasuperpowerthatwillhelp

yougetveryfarinbusiness,relationships,andlife.Beingabletomunicatewiththewrittenwordsalsogoesalong

way—frombeingabletocraftanemailaskingyourbossforaraise,towritingoutabusinessproposal.Being

abletomunicatethroughwritinghasenormousbenefitsforyourlifeinthelongterm.

WakingUpEarly

20.Forothers,ittakessomegettingusedto.However,wakingupearlyisoneofthoseskills(hatcan

helpyoumakegooduseofyourday,getmorehours,andworkonthethingsthatmattermosttoyou.Many

higheamingCEOshaveearlymorningroutinessuchasJeffBezos,ElonMusk,andsoon.Themos【important

aspectofwakingupearlyisthatitforcesyoutoplanyourdayconsciously,insteadofjustlettingotherpeopletell

youwhenyouwakeup.Whenyoutakecontrolofyourschedule,youcanmakeroomforthethingsthatreally

matterandimproveyourlife.

【選項(xiàng)】

A.MeditationMattersALot

B.Verbal&WritteninunicationSkills

C.Thehardestpartisactuallymakingitaroutine

D.Forsome,wakingupearlyisasnaturalasbreathing

E.Sittinginsilenceforanyamountoftimecanbedifficult

F.Somesuccessfulpeopleattachgreatimportancetogettingupearly

G.Herearesomedifficultskillsthat,oncelearned,willpayoffforever

【答案】

16.G

17.C

18.E

19.B

20.D

【詳解】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何提高你的技能;

16.根據(jù)前文“Inlife,therearelotsofskillsweneedtolearntonavigatetheworld.Wego(oschooltolearnhow

toread,write,anddomath,etc.Buttherearesomeskillsyoudon'tgettaughtinschoolthatcanhelpyougrow

andenduppayingoffnotjustintheshortterm,butthroughoutyourwholelife.(在生活中,我們需要學(xué)習(xí)很多技

能來駕馭這個(gè)世界。我們?nèi)W(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)如何讀、寫和做數(shù)學(xué)等等。但是,有些技能是你在學(xué)校里沒有學(xué)到的,

它們可以幫助你成長,最終不僅在短期內(nèi),而且在你的一生中都能得到回報(bào))”可知,此處是承上啟下句,

既總結(jié)這一段的內(nèi)容,又引出卜文所講的幾項(xiàng)技能。所以選擇項(xiàng)G"Hcrcarcsomedifficultskillsthat,once

learned,willpayoffforever(這里有?些困難的技能,?旦學(xué)會(huì),就會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)受益)”符合上下文語更。故選G:

17.根據(jù)前句"Thehardestpartaboutworkingoutisn'tliftingweightsorrunninglongdistances]健身最難的部

分不是舉重或長跑)”可知,鍛煉最難的部分不是舉重或跑很遠(yuǎn)的路程,而是將之形成日常習(xí)慣。所以選擇

項(xiàng)C“Thchardestpartisactuallymakingitaroutine(最難的部分是把它變成例行公事)“符合上下文語境。故選

C;

18.根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Meditation(冥想「可知,此段講冥想。根據(jù)空后一句"Manypeoplepracticemeditationduring

Iheirentirelives(oimprovetheirmeditationskills4許多人一生都在練習(xí)冥想,以提高他們的冥想技能)“可知,

冥想并不容易。所以選擇項(xiàng)E“Siltinginsilenceforanyamountoftimecanbedifficult(安靜地坐上一段時(shí)間都

是很困難的)“符合上下文語境。故選E;

19.這里為本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)本段中的"Ifyoucanorallymunicatcyourneeds,thoughts,andgoalswithothersin

aneffectiveway,youhaveasuperpowerthatwillhelpyougetveryfarinbusiness,relationships,andlife.Being

abletomunicatewiththewrittenwordsalsogoesalongway—frombeingabletocraftanemailaskingyour

bossforaraise,towritingoutabusinessproposal.(如果你能用口頭有效地與他人交流你的需求、想法和目標(biāo),

你就擁有了一種超能力,這將幫助你在商業(yè)、人際關(guān)系和生活中走得更遠(yuǎn)。能夠用書面文字正行交流也有

很長的路要走——從能夠起草一封向老板要求加薪的電子郵件,到寫出一份商業(yè)計(jì)劃書)“可知,本段主要

介紹提高自己的口頭和書面溝通能力。所以選擇項(xiàng)BkkVerbal&WrittenmunicationSkills(口頭和書面溝通能

力產(chǎn)符合上下文語境。故選B;

20.根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“WakingUpEarly(早起)”和后句“Forothers,ittakessomegettingusedto.(對(duì)其他人來說,這

需要一些時(shí)間來適應(yīng)),,可知,早起習(xí)慣對(duì)各人不一樣V所以選擇項(xiàng)D“Forsome,wakingupearlyisasnatural

asbreathing(對(duì)一些人來說,早起就像呼吸一樣自然)”符合上下文語境。選擇項(xiàng)中Forothers與D項(xiàng)中的For

some構(gòu)成呼應(yīng)。故選D0

E

Networkingisaboutbeinggenerouswithourprofessionalknowledgeandhelpingeachothersucceedinour

careersandwelepeopleintoyourspace.21?

First,findwaystogivebackandsupportthoseinyournetwork.Thatincludessharingyourexperiencewith

yournewcolleaguesorvolunteeringyourtimetoacolleague'sdifficultproject.Ifyouareseenasagiver,then

othersmightbemorelikelytoturn:oyouforopportunitiesorintroduceyoutoothersintheirnetwork.22,

Ifyou'rejuststarlingout,forexample,youmightshareagreatappwithyour(earnorofferto(akemeetingnotes.

23.Ifyounoticesomeonehas(hesamehouseplantasyoudo,ormentionsamovieyoulove,go

aheadandpointitout.That'safbmiofnetworking,loo.moninterestscanofferanopeningforastrongerbond

withyourcolleagues.

Ihmkaboutyourgoalsandcreateaplanofactionbeforeanetv/orkingevent.Yougotoconferencesandjob

fairsinthehopesthatyou'llcawaywithrealandmeaningfulconnections.However,networkingisn'tabout

talkingtothemostpeopleorcollectingthemostbusinesscards.24.Forexample,arcyoulookingfor

inspiration?Thenreachouttopeopleyouadmireinyourfieldandbrainstormnewideaswiththem.

Rememberthatnetworkingcanhappenanywhere.25.Ifyoualwayskeepyourdoorsopen,youUlbe

surprisedhowoftenluckandopponunityfindyou.

【選項(xiàng)】

A.Shareyourhobbieswithyourcolleagues

B.Meetingonetimeisn'tgoingtoleadtoanything

C.It'saboutfocusingyourenergyontherightpeople

D.Sowhatcanyoudotobuildandstrengthenyournetworking

E.Thisstrategyappliesnomatterwhatstageyouareinyourcareer

F.Thenhowtorecognizeopportunitieswhentheyarerightinfrontofyou

G.Trytolookoutsideyourregularprofessionalcirclesforlikemindedpeople

【答案】

21.D

22.E

23.A

24.C

25.G

【詳解】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾個(gè)建立、強(qiáng)化及擴(kuò)大職業(yè)關(guān)系網(wǎng)的方法;

21.根據(jù)前文“Networkingisaboutbeinggenerouswithourprofessionalknowledgeandhelpingeachother

succeedinourcareersandwelepeopleintoyourspace.(人際交往就是慷慨地傳授我們的專業(yè)知識(shí),幫助彼此

在事業(yè)上取得成功,歡迎他人進(jìn)入你的空間)”可知,本文主要講述人際交往有關(guān)的話題,空處位于首段段

尾,需起到引起卜文的作用,所以D項(xiàng)“Sowhatcanyoudotobuildandstrengthenyournetworking(那么,你

能做些什么來建立和加強(qiáng)你的人際網(wǎng)絡(luò)呢)”符合文意,能引出下文,開始講述如何建立和加強(qiáng)你的人際網(wǎng)

絡(luò),故選D項(xiàng);

22.根據(jù)前文“Firsl,findwaystogivebackandsupportthoseinyournetwork.Thatincludessharingyour

experiencewithyournewcolleaguesorvolunteeringyourtimetoacolleague'sdifficultprojecl.(首先,想辦法問

饋和支持你社交圈里的人。這包括與新同事分享你的經(jīng)驗(yàn),或者自愿為同事的困難項(xiàng)目貢獻(xiàn)你的時(shí)間)”可

知,本段是在講述在工作中如何建立和加強(qiáng)人際關(guān)系,在根據(jù)后文的例子“Ifyoifrejuststarlingoul,for

example,youmightshareagreatappwithyourteamoroffertolakemeetingnoies.(例如,如果你剛剛起步,你

可以和你的團(tuán)隊(duì)分享一個(gè)很棒的應(yīng)用程序,或者主動(dòng)做會(huì)議筆記)”可知,E項(xiàng)“Thisstrategyapp.iesnomatter

whatstageyouareinyourcareer(無論你處于職業(yè)生涯的哪個(gè)階段,這個(gè)策略都適用)“起到承上啟下的作用。

故選E項(xiàng);

23.分析設(shè)空可知,空處位于本段段首,應(yīng)該點(diǎn)明本段主題,根據(jù)后文“Ifyounoticesomeonehasthesame

houseplantasyoudo,ormentionsamovieyoulove,goaheadandpointitout.That'saformofnetworking,

(oo.moninterestscanofferanopeningforastrongerbondwithyourcolleagues.(如果你注意到有人和你有一

樣的室內(nèi)植物,或者提到了一部你喜歡的電影,大膽地指出來。這也是一種社交方式。共同的興趣可以為

你和同事建立更緊密的關(guān)系提供一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì))“可知,本段主要講述了和同事分享共同的愛好,所以A項(xiàng)“Share

yourhobbieswithyourcolleagues(和你的同事分享你的愛好)”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng);

24.根據(jù)前句的例子“However,networkingisn'tabouttalkingtothemostpeopleorcollectingthemostbusiness

cards.(然而,建立人脈并不僅僅是和最多的人交談或收集最多的名片)“可知,空處承接上文說明建立人脈

的重點(diǎn)是什么??仗帒?yīng)是C項(xiàng)“Msaboutfocusingyourenergyoniherightpeople(而是把你的精力集中在對(duì)的

人身上)”符合文意且和上句構(gòu)成邏輯關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng);

25.分析設(shè)空,謂語首句之后,應(yīng)該是對(duì)首句的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明,根據(jù)首句“Rememberthatnetworkingcan

happenanywhere.(記住,社交可以發(fā)生在任何地方)“可知,G項(xiàng)'Trytolookoutsideyourregularprofessional

circlesforlikemindedpeople(試著在你的正常工作圈了?之外尋找志同道合的人)”是對(duì)前句的進(jìn),步說明,故

選G項(xiàng)。

【高考真題】

A

[全國甲2022]

ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOut

Culturaldiningetiquette(禮節(jié))mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.1Knowingsome

tipswillhelpensure(hatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareinthe

world.

ChopslickRules

Thswayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourpanions.Whenyouputthemdownbetween

bites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwith(heedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.2

HandsorUtensils(餐具)

InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it'sconsideredveiyrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyouto

catwithautensilineachhand.3insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouch

anyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.

MakingRequests

4.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon'tliketheir

seasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoadd(oyourfood.

Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,but(heyareimportantinvarious

countries.5>themorefonableyou'llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.

A.Themorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetime

B.Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry

C.Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetocatwithutensils

D.Don'tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurant

E.It'sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplate

F.Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem

G.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal

【答案】

1.D;

2.F:

3.C;

4.G;

5.B

【詳解】本文主要介紹了在不同文化背景下,外出就餐的禮儀和需要注意的細(xì)節(jié)。

I.根據(jù)設(shè)空處前一句可知,與文化有關(guān)的就餐禮儀中有一些重要的規(guī)矩可能會(huì)讓你吃驚;再根據(jù)設(shè)空處

后的Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfomily可知,/解一些

技巧將幫助你與朋友或家人愉快地吃飯。由此可知,D項(xiàng)“不要被人發(fā)現(xiàn)你在餐廳(就餐時(shí))犯了令人尷尬的

錯(cuò)誤”承上啟下,符合語境V

2.根據(jù)設(shè)空處所在段落的小標(biāo)題ChopslickRules可知,本段主要介紹筷子的使用規(guī)則。根據(jù)設(shè)空處前的

Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthe

tableinfrontofyou.可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)該繼續(xù)介紹如何擺放筷子。故F項(xiàng)“永遠(yuǎn)不要把它們(筷子)豎直地插在

你的食物上,也不要在使用筷子E寸將它們交叉”承接上文內(nèi)容,符合語境。

3.根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的insteadprcfcningtousetheirhands并結(jié)合本段的小標(biāo)題HandsorUtensils可知,此處表

示在某些文化中,人們更喜歡用手而不是用餐具。故C項(xiàng)“墨西哥人認(rèn)為用餐具吃飯是不得體的”符合語境。

故選C項(xiàng)。

4.根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題可知,本段談?wù)摼筒蜁r(shí)提出請(qǐng)求的相關(guān)內(nèi)容;再根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的thiswouldbeaserious

mistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon'tlike(heirseasoningskills可知,此處表示空處提到的這種錯(cuò)誤

的行為會(huì)讓廚師覺得你在質(zhì)疑他的調(diào)味技巧。G項(xiàng)“吃飯時(shí)要鹽和胡椒粉似乎是一個(gè)簡單的請(qǐng)求”中的a

simplerequest呼應(yīng)本段小標(biāo)題,askforsaltandpepper也與后文中的askforextracheese相呼應(yīng),符合語境。

故選G項(xiàng)。

5.根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的逗號(hào),以及設(shè)空處后一句中的Ihemore可以將答案鎖定在A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)之中。再根據(jù)本

文的主要內(nèi)容與文化相關(guān)可以推斷出,此處應(yīng)表示“你在任何一個(gè)國家待的時(shí)間越長,你就會(huì)對(duì)這個(gè)國家

的異域文化習(xí)俗感到越舒服故選B項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)“你在生活中交的朋友越多”與本文的話題不相符。

B

[全國乙2022]

Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain(保持)long-distance

friendships.

?Setaregulardate

Long-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(聯(lián)系)andsharewithoneanother.

Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.1

?Moreisn'talwaysmerrier

Makesureyouhavemunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhat

methodworksbestfbryouboth.2Therearealternativestoconstantwrittenmunication,suchasleaving

voicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.

-Practiseempathy(共情)

3.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitive(oalltheadditionallimedemandsplacedon(he

friendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympatheticto(hefact(hatyourfriendmay

feelabandoned.

?4

Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymight

makeday-to-daymunicalionpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythat

keepstrackoffriends'birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.

?Don'trelyontechnologyalone

5,butlong-distancefriendships-evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Try(o

seekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facelimetogetherwheneverpossible.

A.Rememberimportantdates

B.pcnsatcbywritingletters

C.Itisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeper

D.Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit

E.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofmunication

F.It

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