太極英語(yǔ)Unit11PieshenchuiandShuangtuizhang1.ExplainthemeaningofPieshenchuiandShuangtuizhang.2.IllustratethetwoformsinEnglish.3.LearnabouttheChineseknot.LearningObjectives1.解釋“撇身捶”和“雙推掌”的意思。2.用英語(yǔ)講解這兩個(gè)招式。3.了解中國(guó)結(jié)。Directions:Readthefollowingdialogueandmakeyourowninpairs.PieshenchuiorBishenquan1A:Robin,thanksforyourwonderfulillustrationofChinesehappinessknot.ButI’mnotsosatisfiedwithmyTaiChi.B:What’swrong,Jessica?A:Totellthetruth,Ihaveonequestioninmind.B:Gladtohearitexactly.A:ThereisBishenquaninOldFrame12,andhereisPieshenchuiinthis26-form.Inmyopinion,thereisnodifferencebetweenthem.撇身捶和庇身拳甲：羅賓，謝謝你對(duì)中國(guó)幸福結(jié)的精彩闡釋?？墒俏覍?duì)我的太極拳不太滿意。乙：怎么啦，杰西卡？甲：老實(shí)說(shuō)，我心里有個(gè)問(wèn)題。乙：愿聞其詳。甲：老架一路里有個(gè)庇身拳，而這套26式里有個(gè)撇身捶。依我看，兩者之間沒(méi)什么區(qū)別啊。B:Whatacarefulstudent!A:Thanks.Sincethey’rethesame,whydotheynotsharethesamename?B:Youareagoodspeculative3student.Manylearners,includingforeignTaiChifans,havethesamedoubt.乙：真是個(gè)細(xì)心的學(xué)生?。〖祝褐x謝夸獎(jiǎng)。既然都一樣，何必用兩個(gè)名字呢？乙：你是個(gè)喜歡思考的好學(xué)生。許多學(xué)習(xí)者，包括外國(guó)的太極拳粉絲，都有同樣的疑惑。A:Yes.WhenIintroducetheformtomycountrymen,whichnameshouldIadopt?B:Isee.Yourquestionisactuallyamatteroftranslation.IthinkbothofthemareOK.甲：是的。我給同胞介紹這一招時(shí)，該采用哪一個(gè)名字呢？乙：我明白了。你的問(wèn)題實(shí)質(zhì)上是個(gè)翻譯的問(wèn)題。我認(rèn)為兩個(gè)都挺好。A:So,istherenodifference?B:Personally,Chen’sTaiChiisabalancedmartialartbetweenmartialefficacy4andhealthcare;however,thecoordinationbetweenthetwoaspectsisrootedinmartialapplication.Youknow,theoldroutinepaysmoreattentiontothetransformation5betweenattackanddefence,andtherefore,Bishenquanmeanstoprotectthedefender’sbodyfromanykindofattack.甲：那么，沒(méi)有不同之處嗎？乙：就我個(gè)人而言，陳氏太極拳是一種介于武學(xué)功效和保健之間的平衡武術(shù)；但兩者之間的協(xié)調(diào)扎根于武術(shù)應(yīng)用。老架一路更注重攻防之間的轉(zhuǎn)化，因此，庇身拳的意思就是保護(hù)防守方的身體免遭任何攻擊。A:Then,whatdoesPieshenchuimean?B:Pieshenchuimeanstotwistyourbody,ortoturnitleftandright,soastomakemusclesexercisedtoafullextent.Thesimplifiedsetishealth-oriented6;thenameofPieshenchuijustembodiesitshealth-buildingpurpose.A:ItseemsthattheChinesepayattentiontonamingtoalargedegree.Couldyougiveanotherexample?甲：那么，撇身捶的意思呢？乙：撇身捶就是要你擰動(dòng)身體，或者左右轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，從而讓肌肉得到充分鍛煉。這套簡(jiǎn)化套路是以保健為出發(fā)點(diǎn)的；撇身捶這個(gè)名字正好體現(xiàn)了其保健的目的。甲：看來(lái)，中國(guó)人很關(guān)注命名啊。你能再舉個(gè)例子嗎？B:TaketheChineseknotforexample.YouadopteditsanothernameandcalleditChinesehappinessknot;itshowsthatyoupreferitsimpliedmeaning7.A:Yes,Idothinkthat.B:Chineseknotsarefar-reaching8inimplication.TheChinesehappinessknotisjustoneofthem.Butitbringsnotroubletoourcommunication.乙：以中國(guó)結(jié)為例吧。你采用了它另外一種名字，稱(chēng)其為“中國(guó)幸福結(jié)”；這說(shuō)明你更青睞它的深層含義。甲：是的。我確實(shí)那么認(rèn)為。乙：中國(guó)結(jié)意蘊(yùn)深遠(yuǎn)。中國(guó)幸福結(jié)只是其中之一而已。但是，這并不會(huì)給我們的交流帶來(lái)麻煩。A:Iagree.B:Bytheway,IpreferBishenquantoPieshenchui.Thoughitisboxing-oriented,itspurposeliesindefenceorself-protectionratherthanattack.甲：我有同感。乙：順便說(shuō)一下，較之于撇身捶，我更贊成采用庇身拳這個(gè)名字。盡管這一招是以技擊為導(dǎo)向的，其目的卻在于防御或者自保，而不是攻擊。A:Youmakemeabitperplexed9.WhichnameonearthshallIuse?B:Generally,it’suptotheoccasionwhereTaiChiisintroduced.Inthesimplifiedset,Pieshenchuiisbetter;whileinRoutine1ofChen’sTaiChi,Bishenquanismorepreferable.A:CanIsaythatit’sakindofrespectforitscreators?甲：你讓我有些迷茫。究竟用哪一個(gè)名字呢？乙：一般說(shuō)來(lái)，這要看介紹太極拳的場(chǎng)合。介紹這套簡(jiǎn)化套路的時(shí)候，撇身捶較好；而在陳氏太極拳老架一路中，庇身拳更受青睞。甲：我能說(shuō)這是對(duì)其創(chuàng)建者的一種尊敬嗎？B:Toalargedegree,itcanbethat.Whatmattersmoreisthatitsnamingtakeslessimportancethanitsperformance10;goodperformancebringsyouahealthybodyandmind.A:Isee.AllroadsleadtoRome11.Althoughtheyhavedifferentnames,theyplaythesamerole.B:Goodcomparison.乙：很大程度上，是那么回事。更重要的是命名并沒(méi)有其演練重要；良好的演練會(huì)給你帶來(lái)身心健康。甲：明白了。條條大路通羅馬。雖然名字不一樣，但是它們卻發(fā)揮著一樣的作用。乙：比喻得好。ReadTable7anddoTasksA,B,CandD.TaskA:Pairwork—basicunderstanding1.WhatisthefunctionofPieshenchui(Body-twistingPunch)?2.HowmanyactionsarethereinPieshenchui?Whatarethey?3.WhatistheuseofShuangtuizhang(PushingPalms)?4.HowmanyactionsarethereinShuangtuizhang?Whatarethey?TaskB:Groupwork—Brainstorming1.WhyisitcalledPieshenchui?2.WhenPieshenchuiisfinished,howmanyshiftsshouldtherebe?3.WhyisitcalledShuangtuizhang?4.Initssecondaction,howtoadjustbreathwhenpushingthepalmsforward?Table7:PieshenchuiandShuangtuizhangAction1:Takealeftopeningstepandseparatethepalmshorizontallytoeachsideintofists;shifttheweightleftwardandtwistthebodyandtwinethearms,positioningtherightfistbeforetherightshoulderandtheleftfistbesidetheleftwaist(Fig.11-1-1).Thenshifttheweightrightwardandtwistthebodyandtwinethearms,positioningtheleftfistbeforetheleftshoulderandtherightfistbesidetherightwaist(Fig.11-1-2).ChineseEnglish動(dòng)作一：開(kāi)左步，雙掌平分變?nèi)蛔笠浦匦?，擰身旋臂，右拳至右肩前，左拳至左腰旁（圖例11-1-1）。右移重心，擰身旋臂，左拳至左肩前，右拳至右腰旁（圖例11-1-2）Action2:Shifttheweighttotheleft;atthesametime,lifttherightkneeandturnoverthefists,raisingtherightfistandpressingtheleftfist;thentakearightspadestep,withtherightfistbeforethechestandtheleftbehindthewaist(Fig.11-2).Notes:1)Beforethespadestep,liftthelegtohiplevel.2)Inthefinalposture,therightfistisastallasthechestgenerally,andatmostnothigherthantheeyes;theleftfististowaistlevel,andtheeyeslookrightwardhorizontally.ChineseEnglish動(dòng)作二：重心左移，同時(shí)提右膝，雙拳翻轉(zhuǎn)，右拳上領(lǐng)，左拳下按；然后右鏟步，右拳置于胸前，左拳轉(zhuǎn)至腰后（圖例11-2）。注：1）鏟步前，提腿至胯平。2）定勢(shì)時(shí)，右拳一般與胸平，至多不高于眼，左拳與腰平，雙眼向右平視。ChineseAction3:Shifttheweightandleanthetorsorightward,arc1therightelbowovertherightkneeandaccordingly2swingtheleftarmrightward,thefistheartfacingupward(Fig.11-3-1).Shifttheweightleftward,leadingtherightfistupwardinfrontofthechestandpressingtheleftfistdownwardtothewaist(Fig.11-3-2).Shifttheweightrightwardintoabowstance,twistingthewaistandtwiningthearms,withtherightfistturningoverandmovingtothetoprightandtheleftfisttwiningtotheleftwaist.Lookatthebottomleft(Fig.11-3-3).English動(dòng)作三：右移重心，身體右傾，右肘劃弧繞過(guò)右膝上方，左臂順勢(shì)右擺，拳心朝上（圖例11-3-1）。左移重心，右拳上領(lǐng)至胸前，左拳下按到腰間（圖例11-3-2）。右移重心成弓步，擰腰旋臂，右拳上翻至右上方，左拳纏至左腰際，目視左下方（圖例11-3-3）。Fig.10-1JingangDaoduiAction1ChineseNotes：1)Everytimetoshiftthecenterofgravity,rotatethetorsoandspiral3thearmssoastoexperiencethetwiningenergy.2)Inthefinalposture,therightfist,leftelbow,leftkneeandleftfootareinaslantline.Theeyesarelookingdownwardtotheleft.3)Duringtheweightshift,relaxthehips,twistthewaistandtwinethearms,maintainingthemstepbystep;leaduptheenergyandrunitjointbyjoint.English注：1）每次移重心，都要轉(zhuǎn)身旋臂以體驗(yàn)纏絲勁。2）定勢(shì)時(shí)，右拳、左肘、左膝、左腳成一斜線，目視左下方。3）重心移動(dòng)時(shí)，松胯、擰腰、旋臂，循序而進(jìn)，頂勁領(lǐng)起，要做到節(jié)節(jié)貫穿。ChineseChinese12.Shuangtuizhang(PushingPalms)Action1:Pengbothhandsrightwardandthenstrokedownwardforaleftwardweightshift;whenthelefthandstrokestotheabdomen,spreaditoutleftward(Fig.12-1-1).Immediately,shifttheweighttotheleftandswingtheleftfootoutward;thenturnthebodyleftwardandsteprightforward,thearmsspreadingouttothelefttoshoulderlevel(Fig.12-1-2).English12.雙推掌動(dòng)作一：雙手右掤，下捋，左移重心；左手捋至腹前向左展開(kāi)（圖例12-1-1）。隨即重心左移，左腳外擺，向左轉(zhuǎn)體，上右步，雙臂隨之向左展開(kāi)至與肩同高（圖例12-1-2）。ChineseNotes：1)Strokedownwardandshiftleftwardintoabowstance.2)Beforeshiftingtotheleftleg,drawintherightfootsoastogetenoughsupportorbalance.3)Whilethehandsstrokedownward,thebody’sQi(internalenergy)sinksnaturally,reachingtheoutsidepalmedges.Themovementrange4goesfromsmalltolarge,coordinatedandshouldbecompletedinonebreath.English注：1）下捋，左移后成弓步。2）重心左移前，要內(nèi)扣右腳以獲得足夠支撐或平衡。3）雙手下捋時(shí)，周身氣往下沉，達(dá)手掌外緣。動(dòng)作幅度由小到大，協(xié)調(diào)連貫，一氣呵成。ChineseAction2:Shifttheweightrightwardandstrokethehandshorizontally,withbothpalmsstandingbeforethechest.Shifttotherightintoaleftemptystance,andpushthepalmsforward,lookingahead(Fig.12-2).Notes:Whenshiftingtheweighttotheright,drawinthechestandrelaxthelowerback,sinktheshouldersanddroptheelbows,allowingtheQitosettledown5throughouttheentirebody.English動(dòng)作二：右移重心，雙手平捋，立掌合于胸前。重心右移成左虛步，雙掌前推，目視前方（圖例12-2）。注：重心右移時(shí)，含胸塌腰，沉肩墜肘，周身氣往下沉。TaskC:Groupwork—explorethefollowingquestions1.HowtotwistorturnthearmsindirectioninPieshenchui?2.Howtoopentherightstepwhileshiftingtheweightrightward?3.Whentherightfistandtheleftelbow,kneeandfootareinaslantline,wheretoputtheleftfist?4.InShuangtuizhang,howtoswingoutsidetheleftfootwhenshiftingthecenterofgravityleftward?TaskD:Classwork1.It’ssuggestedtodividetheclassintotwogroups.OnegroupdoesPieshenchui(Body-twistingPunch)andtheothermakesShuangtuizhang(PushingPalms).Whenastudentisperformingtheform,otherstudentsshouldtrytomakeuseofbriefEnglishtodescribetheinvolvedactions.2.Pickoutoneortwogroupstomaketheperformanceinpublicasthemodel.Theteacherissuggestedtocorrectthestudents’Englishdescriptions.Bearitinmindthatanyencouragementiswelcome.Step1:Workinagroupofthreeorfour.Readthepassageandcompletethefollowingquestionswiththegivenexpressions.1.What/oneofthemostdistinctivesymbols/Chineseculture?2.Whenbiddingforthe2008Olympics/what/introduced/togetherwithHanclothing?3.Inwhichbook/there/lines/aboutthehistory/theChineseknot?4.How/Chineseknot/developed?5.When/theChineseknot/gain/reputation?6.What/Chineseknots/madeof?7.What/mostuniquething/abouttheChineseknot?Why?8.Why/Chineseknot/presentedasagift/aforeignguest?9....(morequestionsareencouraged)ChineseKnots

TheChineseknotcanbeoneofthemostdistinctive1traditionalhandicrafts.ItissymbolicofboththelonghistoryanddeepculturalconnotationsofChina.Itcanbeseenfromitswideuseduringtheprocessofbidding2forthe2008Olympics,whenitwasintroducedasanationalcraftwork,togetherwithothergarments,suchasTangSuitandcheongsam3.SincethentheChineseknothascapturedtheheartoftheworld.ChineseEnglish中國(guó)結(jié)中國(guó)結(jié)是中國(guó)最有特色的傳統(tǒng)手工藝品之一，象征著中國(guó)悠久的歷史和深厚的文化內(nèi)涵。2008年申奧過(guò)程中，中國(guó)結(jié)與唐裝、旗袍等服裝一同作為國(guó)家級(jí)工藝品亮相，其廣泛應(yīng)用便是明證。從那時(shí)起，中國(guó)結(jié)便贏得了世界人民的喜愛(ài)。

Theknotscanbetracedbacktoveryancienttimeswhenpeoplehadnowritingcharactersandmarkeddifferentthingswithdifferentstringknots.InAnnotationsofZhouyi4,itsaysthat“Knottingcordsasrecords:Whenhandlingmajormatters,largeknotsweretied;Whendealingwithminormatters,smallknotsweremade.”Itsuggeststhattheknotsplayedthesameroleaslawsintheeyesofancientpeople,similartoacontractorappointmenttoday.ChineseEnglish結(jié)的歷史可以追溯到很遙遠(yuǎn)的古代，當(dāng)時(shí)人們沒(méi)有書(shū)寫(xiě)文字，便利用不同的繩結(jié)標(biāo)注記錄不同之事。《周易注》中寫(xiě)道：“結(jié)繩為約，事大，大結(jié)其繩，事小，小結(jié)其繩?！边@表明在古人眼中，繩結(jié)的作用堪比律法，類(lèi)似于如今的合同或約定。

Withtheelapse5oftime,theyevolvedintodecorationsintheZhouDynasty(1046BC~256BC),anddevelopedwellintheTangDynastyandSongDynasty(618AD~1279AD),andbecameverypopularintheMingDynastyandQingDynasty(1368AD~1911AD).ButtheinternationalreputationofChineseknotbeganaftertheestablishmentoftheRepublicofChina,especiallyduringthebiddingfortheBeijingOlympics2008.ChineseEnglish隨著歲月流逝，繩結(jié)在周朝（公元前1046~公元前256年）演化為裝飾物品，在唐宋兩代（公元618~1279年）得到了良好發(fā)展，在明清（公元1368~1911年）時(shí)期大為流行。但是中國(guó)結(jié)的國(guó)際聲譽(yù)是在中華民國(guó)成立后才開(kāi)始確立的，尤其是在2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)申辦期間。

Chineseknotsareskillfullymadebyhand,ofasinglestringorbeltbutwithvariousformsandpatterns.Itisclaimedthereareupto1000varieties.Thedistinctiveformsimplydifferentconnotations,whichwitnessthebeautyandwisdomoftheChinesepeople.Accordingtotheirstructuresandimplications,theyareoftengivenahighlyculturalname,suchasHealth,Longevity,Happiness,Fortune6,DoubleFish,Dragon-Phenix,Butterfly,andothers.Allofthesenames,sometimesaccompaniedbyafewChinesecharacters7,areallsuggestiveofthetraditionalvaluescherishedbytheChinesepeople.ChineseEnglish中國(guó)結(jié)由手工精制而成，或?yàn)閱为?dú)一繩，或?yàn)閱为?dú)一帶，但卻樣式各異，花樣繁多。據(jù)稱(chēng)有上千種樣子。獨(dú)特的造型蘊(yùn)含著不同的寓意，彰顯著中國(guó)人民的審美與智慧。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)和寓意，它們通常被賦予極具文化內(nèi)涵的名字，如“健康結(jié)”“長(zhǎng)壽結(jié)”“幸福結(jié)”“財(cái)運(yùn)結(jié)”“雙魚(yú)結(jié)”“龍鳳結(jié)”“蝴蝶結(jié)”等。所有這些名字，有時(shí)上邊還伴有幾個(gè)漢字，都表明中國(guó)人民珍視的傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀念。

Perhaps,themostuniquethingaboutitisthattheChineseknotisanexpressionofharmony,thecorevalueofChineseculture,forvariousknotsaremadefromthesamestring.Withoutthesinglestring,therewillbenovarietyshowinghowcolorfulandwonderfullifeandtheworldare;withoutthevariety,therewillbenochancestoshowthepowerofasinglestring.Oneintomany8andmanyintoonearetwonaturalways