Unit2StayHealthy單詞講練1.ourselves/?a???selvz/詞性：反身代詞（復數(shù)第一人稱）核心用法：強調動作作用于主語自身；只能作賓語或同位語，不能作主語。常見搭配：byourselves獨自；靠我們自己enjoyourselves玩得開心teachourselves自學lookafterourselves照顧自己變形：無詞形變化；對應單數(shù)形式：myself；其他復數(shù)反身代詞：themselves/yourselves中考考點：①反身代詞與主語的人稱一致；②固定搭配的辨析；③不能作主語的易錯點。例句：Wefinishedthegroupprojectbyourselveswithouttheteacher’shelp.練習題（用ourselves正確形式填空）Weenjoyed______atthesummercamplastweek.It’snecessaryfor______tolearnbasiclifeskills.Don’trelyonothers;wecansolvetheproblemby______.2.sore/s??(r)/詞性：形容詞；名詞（痛處）核心用法：作形容詞時，專指身體部位的疼痛、酸痛，常修飾具體部位；作名詞時指“身體的痛處”。常見搭配：sorethroat喉嚨痛soreback背痛soremuscles肌肉酸痛asoreonthearm手臂上的痛處變形：副詞形式：sorely（嚴重地；極度地）；無比較級特殊變化中考考點：與身體部位的固定搭配；與painful的詞義辨析（sore側重局部酸痛，painful側重強烈疼痛）。例句：Afterplayingtennisfortwohours,myarmsaresore.練習題（用sore正確形式填空）Mybrotherhasa______throat,sohecan’ttalkloudly.Theoldman’slegsare______afterwalkingalongway.Sheplainedaboutthe______inhershoulderandwenttoseeadoctor.3.throat/θr??t/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：throats）核心用法：指“喉嚨；咽喉”，人體重要部位名詞。常見搭配：haveasorethroat喉嚨痛clearone’sthroat清嗓子afroginthethroat喉嚨發(fā)緊（說不出話）變形：throat→throats（復數(shù)）中考考點：固定搭配在情景交際中的運用；與sore的搭配是中考高頻考點。例句：Drinkingwarmhoneywaterisgoodforyourthroatwhenyouhaveacold.練習題（用throat正確形式填空）Thesingerhasaclear______andsingsverywell.Manystudentsgotsore______becauseofthemorningreading.Hecoveredhis______andcoughedbadlyinclass.4.stomachache/?st?m?ke?k/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：stomachaches）核心用法：指“胃痛；腹痛”，屬于復合詞（stomach+ache）。常見搭配：haveastomachache胃痛haveabadstomachache胃痛得厲害getastomachache胃痛變形：stomachache→stomachaches（復數(shù)）；注意：stomach的復數(shù)是stomachs中考考點：“havea+疾病名詞”的固定結構；與stomach的詞性區(qū)分。例句：Tomhadaterriblestomachachebecauseheatetoomuchicecream.練習題（用stomachache正確形式填空）Lilydidn’tgotoschoolbecauseshehadabad______.Ifyoudon’teatontime,youmayget______easily.Thedoctoraskedhimabouthis______andgavehimsomemedicine.5.headache/?hede?k/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：headaches）核心用法：指“頭痛”，復合詞（head+ache）；可用于比喻義“令人頭痛的事”。常見搭配：haveaheadache頭痛haveasplittingheadache劇烈頭痛arealheadache一件令人頭痛的事變形：headache→headaches（復數(shù)）中考考點：①“havea+疾病名詞”結構；②比喻義的理解（閱讀題?？迹?。例句：Stayinguplatetoplaygamesgavehimabadheadache.練習題（用headache正確形式填空）Mymotherhasa______,sosheneedstoliedownandrest.Thesemathproblemsareareal______forme.Toomuchscreentimemaycause______forteenagers.6.toothache/?tu?θe?k/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：toothaches）核心用法：指“牙痛”，復合詞（tooth+ache）。常見搭配：haveatoothache牙痛gotothedentistforatoothache因為牙痛去看牙醫(yī)變形：toothache→toothaches（復數(shù)）；注意：tooth的復數(shù)是teeth（中考高頻變形考點）中考考點：①不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)變形（tooth→teeth）；②與dentist的搭配運用。例句：Ihadabadtoothacheyesterday,soIwenttoseethedentist.練習題（用toothache正確形式填空）Thelittlegirlcriedbecauseofaterrible______.Eatingtoomuchcandywillleadto______.Hesufferedfrom______andcouldn’tsleepwelllastnight.7.backache/?b?kke?k/詞性：可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：backaches）核心用法：指“背痛；腰痛”，復合詞（back+ache）。常見搭配：haveabackache背痛getabackachefromsittingtoolong久坐導致背痛變形：backache→backaches（復數(shù)）中考考點：ache類疾病名詞的用法；與back的搭配辨析。例句：Myfatheroftenhasabackachebecauseheworksintheofficeallday.練習題（用backache正確形式填空）Theteachergota______afterstandingforthreehours.Doingexerciseregularlycanhelpprevent______.Sheplainedabouther______andaskedforleave.8.press/pres/詞性：動詞；名詞核心用法：作動詞：按；壓；擠壓；強調“用力按壓”的動作作名詞：壓力；新聞界；出版社常見搭配：pressthebutton按按鈕presshard用力按pressone’shand握手underpressure承受壓力變形：動詞形式：press→presses（三單）→pressed（過去式/過去分詞）→pressing（現(xiàn)在分詞）名詞形式：pressure（壓力，不可數(shù)名詞）中考考點：①動詞短語的運用；②詞性轉換（press→pressure）；③underpressure的固定搭配。例句：Pleasepressthisredbuttontostartthemachine.練習題（用press正確形式填空）______thedoorbellandwaitforsomeonetoopenthedoor.He______hislipstogetherandsaidnothing.The______ofstudymakesmanystudentsfeelstressed.9.nosebleed/?n??zbli?d/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：nosebleeds）核心用法：指“鼻出血；流鼻血”，復合詞（nose+bleed）。常見搭配：haveanosebleed流鼻血stopanosebleed止住鼻血getanosebleed流鼻血變形：nosebleed→nosebleeds（復數(shù)）；動詞形式：bleed（流血）中考考點：在急救類情景中的詞匯運用；與bleed的詞性轉換。例句：Theboyhadanosebleedwhenhefelloffhisbike.練習題（用nosebleed正確形式填空）Ifyouhavea______,youshouldtiltyourheadforwardslightly.Thelittlegirlgot______becauseshepickedhernosetoohard.Thedoctortoldhimhowtodealwithsudden______.10.dentist/?dent?st/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：dentists）核心用法：指“牙醫(yī)”，職業(yè)類名詞；gotothedentist是固定表達，不用冠詞。常見搭配：gotothedentist去看牙醫(yī)seeadentist看牙醫(yī)adentist’soffice牙醫(yī)診所變形：dentist→dentists（復數(shù)）；形容詞形式：dental（牙科的）中考考點：①職業(yè)類名詞的用法；②gotothedentist的固定搭配（無冠詞）；③與toothache的關聯(lián)運用。例句：Youshouldgotothedentisttwiceayeartocheckyourteeth.練習題（用dentist正確形式填空）Myuncleisa______whoworksinabighospital.Ifyouhaveatoothache,you’dbetterseea______atonce.Therearethree______inthisdentalclinic.11.fever/?fi?v?(r)/詞性：可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：fevers）核心用法：指“發(fā)燒；發(fā)熱”；haveafever是固定搭配。常見搭配：haveafever發(fā)燒haveahighfever發(fā)高燒runafever發(fā)燒takeone’stemperatureforfever量體溫查發(fā)燒變形：fever→fevers（復數(shù)）；形容詞形式：feverish（發(fā)燒的；狂熱的）中考考點：①“havea+疾病名詞”結構；②與takeone’stemperature的搭配運用。例句：Shehasahighfever,soshehastostayinbed.練習題（用fever正確形式填空）Thenursesaidthatthelittleboyhada______of39℃.Ifyouhavea______,youshoulddrinkplentyofwater.Somechildrenareeasytoget______inspring.12.stomach/?st?m?k/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：stomachs）核心用法：指“胃；腹部”；注意復數(shù)變形不是stomaches。常見搭配：upsetstomach胃部不適haveanemptystomach空腹fullstomach飽腹變形：stomach→stomachs（復數(shù)，詞尾ch發(fā)/k/音，直接加s）；相關名詞：stomachache中考考點：不規(guī)則復數(shù)變形（stomach→stomachs）；與stomachache的詞性區(qū)分。例句：Eatingtooquicklyisbadforyourstomach.練習題（用stomach正確形式填空）Thedoctoraskedhimtopresshis______gently.Thesechildrenhaveweak______,sotheyneedtoeatlightfood.Theoldman’s______hasbeenunfortablefordays.13.avoid/??v??d/詞性：動詞（及物動詞）核心用法：避免；避開；后接名詞、代詞或動名詞，不能接不定式（中考核心易錯點）。常見搭配：avoiddoingsth避免做某事avoiddanger避開危險avoidmeetingsb避免見某人變形：avoid→avoids（三單）→avoided（過去式/過去分詞）→avoiding（現(xiàn)在分詞）中考考點：后接動名詞的用法（avoiddoing）；與prevent的詞義辨析。例句：Youshouldavoideatingjunkfoodtokeephealthy.練習題（用avoid正確形式填空）Weshould______goingoutaloneatnight.She______talkingtohimbecauseshewasangry.Thebestwayto______gettingsickistowashhandsoften.14.gas/ɡ?s/詞性：不可數(shù)名詞；可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：gases，指不同種類的氣體）核心用法：不可數(shù)：腸胃脹氣；天然氣；汽油（口語）可數(shù)：不同種類的氣體（gases）常見搭配：stomachgas腸胃脹氣naturalgas天然氣steponthegas踩油門（口語）變形：gas→gases（復數(shù)，表不同氣體）；動詞形式：gas（加油；放毒氣）中考考點：可數(shù)與不可數(shù)的辨析；在健康、能源類語境中的運用。例句：Eatingtoomanybeansmaycausegasinyourstomach.練習題（用gas正確形式填空）Thefactoryproducesalotofharmful______thatpollutetheair.Mygrandmotheroftenhas______aftereatingcabbage.Scientistsarestudyingnewclean______toreplacecoal.15.ache/e?k/詞性：可數(shù)名詞；動詞核心用法：作名詞：（持續(xù)的、隱隱的）疼痛，常與身體部位構成復合詞（headache,toothache）作動詞：疼痛；渴望常見搭配：muscleaches肌肉酸痛Mybackaches.我背痛。acheforhome渴望回家變形：名詞：ache→aches（復數(shù)）動詞：ache→aches（三單）→ached（過去式/過去分詞）→aching（現(xiàn)在分詞）中考考點：①復合詞的構成；②動詞用法（不及物，不能接賓語）。例句：Ihavesomebodyachesafterplayingbasketball.練習題（用ache正確形式填空）Theoldmanoftenfeels______inhiskneeswhenitrains.Afterthelongwalk,weallhadterrible______inourlegs.Herhead______badly,soshewenthomeearly.16.Xray/?eksre?/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：Xrays）核心用法：指“X光；X光片”；首字母常大寫。常見搭配：takeanXray拍X光片anXraymachineX光機checktheXray查看X光片變形：Xray→Xrays（復數(shù)）中考考點：在醫(yī)療類情景中的詞匯運用；固定搭配。例句：ThedoctorneedstotakeanXraytocheckifyourarmisbroken.練習題（用Xray正確形式填空）Thenurseshowedmethe______ofmychestandsaiditwasnormal.Thehospitalboughtanew______machinelastmonth.Thedoctoraskedhimtotaketwo______ofhislegs.17.careless/?ke?l?s/詞性：形容詞核心用法：指“粗心的；疏忽的”，帶有貶義；反義詞是careful。常見搭配：acarelessmistake粗心的錯誤becarelesswithsth對某物粗心carelessdriving粗心駕駛變形：副詞：carelessly（粗心地）名詞：carelessness（粗心）反義詞：careful（細心的）→carefully（細心地）→carefulness（細心）中考考點：①反義詞辨析；②詞性轉換；③在情景類閱讀中的運用。例句：Youmadeacarelessmistakeinthemathexambecauseyoudidn’tchecktheanswers.練習題（用careless正確形式填空）Don’tbe______whenyouaredoingyourhomework.The______drivercausedatrafficaccident.Her______ledtothelossoftheimportantdocument.18.runnyrunny詞性：形容詞音標：/?r?ni/核心用法：表示“（液體）易流動的；流鼻涕的”，多用來描述身體分泌物或液體的狀態(tài)，是初中英語描述感冒癥狀的高頻詞匯。常見搭配runnynose流鼻涕runnyeyes流淚runnyhoney易流動的蜂蜜arunnynoseandcough流鼻涕加咳嗽變形比較級：runnier最高級：runniest中考考點與身體部位搭配描述感冒癥狀，常和coughfever等詞一起出現(xiàn)在情景交際題中。區(qū)分形容詞用法：只能作定語或表語，如Shehasarunnynose.（表語）；arunnynose（定語）。例句Thelittlegirlhasarunnynosebecauseshecaughtacold.（這個小女孩感冒了，一直在流鼻涕）Don’teattherunnyicecream;itwillmakeyoufeelcold.（別吃化得淌水的冰淇淋，會著涼的）練習題（用runny的正確形式填空）Mysisterhasa______noseandneedsalotoftissues.Amongallthesekindsofhoney,thisoneisthe______.Ifyouhavea______nose,you’rest.coughtayathomeandrest.coughcough詞性：動詞；可數(shù)名詞音標：/k?f/（英式）；/k??f/（美式）核心用法作動詞：咳嗽，強調“咳嗽”的動作，可作及物或不及物動詞。不及物：直接使用，后不接賓語。及物：后接“咳嗽的內容”，如coughblood（咳血）。作名詞：咳嗽；咳嗽聲，常用搭配“haveacough”（咳嗽）。常見搭配haveabadcough咳嗽得厲害coughdayandnight日夜咳嗽adrycough干咳awetcough濕咳變形動詞：cough→coughs（三單）→coughed（過去式/過去分詞）→coughing（現(xiàn)在分詞）名詞復數(shù)：coughs中考考點動詞短語搭配（haveacough），區(qū)分與“catchacold”（感冒）的不同癥狀?，F(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，如Shesatthere,coughingbadly.（她坐在那兒，咳嗽得很厲害）。例句Mybrotherhasabadcoughandcan’tgotoschooltoday.（我弟弟咳嗽得厲害，今天不能去上學）Shecoughedalotlastnightbecauseofthecoldweather.（昨晚因為天氣冷，她咳了很久）練習題（用cough的正確形式填空）Thelittleboy______dayandnight;hismothertookhimtoseeadoctor.Ifyou______,pleasecoveryourmouthwithatissue.Hehashada______forthreedays;it’stimetotakesomemedicine.19.bruised/bru?zd/詞性：形容詞；動詞過去分詞（原形：bruise）核心用法：作形容詞：青腫的；有瘀傷的（指皮膚因碰撞而變色）作動詞：使青腫；碰傷常見搭配：bruisedarm青腫的手臂getbruised碰青bruiseone’sknee膝蓋碰青變形：動詞原形：bruise→bruises（三單）→bruised（過去式/過去分詞）→bruising（現(xiàn)在分詞）中考考點：分詞作形容詞的用法；在受傷類情景中的運用。例句：Herlegwasbruisedwhenshefelloffherbike.練習題（用bruised正確形式填空）Theboxer’sfacewas______afterthematch.He______hishandwhenhehitthetable.Thelittlegirlcriedbecauseherarmwas______andpainful.20.suffer/?s?f?(r)/詞性：動詞（及物/不及物）核心用法：不及物：常與from連用，表“患（?。皇堋唷保╯ufferfrom）及物：表“遭受（損失、痛苦）”，直接接賓語（sufferaloss）常見搭配：sufferfromadisease患病sufferfromhunger挨餓sufferabigloss遭受重大損失變形：suffer→suffers（三單）→suffered（過去式/過去分詞）→suffering（現(xiàn)在分詞/名詞：痛苦）中考考點：suffer與sufferfrom的用法辨析；在健康、災難類語境中的運用。例句：Manypeoplesufferedfromthefloodlastsummer.練習題（用suffer正確形式填空）He______fromabadcoldforaweekandfinallygotbetter.Thepany______agreatlossbecauseoftheeconomiccrisis.Peopleinthatarea______fromdroughteveryyear.21.sufferfrom說明：這是動詞短語，不及物，后接疾病、痛苦等名詞，表“患……?。皇堋勰ァ?。核心用法：不能用于被動語態(tài)；from后必須接賓語。常見搭配：sufferfromheadaches經(jīng)常頭痛sufferfromstress承受壓力sufferfrompoverty受貧困之苦變形：同suffer的變形（suffer→suffers→suffered→suffering）中考考點：短語的固定搭配；與suffer的用法區(qū)分；在閱讀題中的詞義理解。例句：Mygrandfathersuffersfromhighbloodpressureandcan’teattoomuchsalt.練習題（用sufferfrom的正確形式填空）She______aseriousillnessandhadtostayinhospitalformonths.Manypeopleinthecity______airpollutioninwinter.Theoldman______backacheformanyyears.22.takeaseat說明：這是動詞短語，禮貌用語，表“坐下；就座”，同義短語是sitdown。核心用法：無被動語態(tài)；可用于祈使句，語氣比sitdown更客氣。常見搭配：takeaseat,please請坐takeaseatbythewindow坐在窗邊變形：take→takes（三單）→took（過去式）→taken（過去分詞）中考考點：情景交際中的禮貌用語；同義短語辨析。例句：Thehostaskedthegueststotakeaseatandhavesometea.練習題（用takeaseat的正確形式填空）Please______andwaitforthedoctor.She______bythewindowandbegantoreadherbook.Theteachertoldthestudentsto______quietly.23.takeone'stemperature說明：這是動詞短語，表“量體溫”，one’s需根據(jù)主語替換為my/your/his等。核心用法：one’s不能省略；常用于醫(yī)療、健康類情景。常見搭配：takemytemperature量我的體溫takethepatient’stemperature給病人量體溫變形：take→takes→took→taken中考考點：短語的固定搭配；在情景交際中的運用（如醫(yī)生問診場景）。例句：ThenursetookmytemperatureandsaidIhadafever.練習題（用takeone'stemperature的正確形式填空）Youshould______ifyoufeelhot.Thedoctor______andtoldhimthathistemperaturewasnormal.Mymotheralways______beforeIgotoschoolwhenI’msick.24.test/test/詞性：可數(shù)名詞；動詞核心用法：作名詞：測試；考試；檢測（如mathtest,bloodtest）作動詞：測試；檢測；考驗常見搭配：haveatest參加考試abloodtest驗血testone’seyesight測視力testthemachine測試機器變形：test→tests（復數(shù)/動詞三單）→tested（過去式/過去分詞）→testing（現(xiàn)在分詞）中考考點：①詞性轉換；②在學習、醫(yī)療類語境中的運用；③與exam的詞義辨析（test側重小測試，exam側重正式考試）。例句：WewillhaveaEnglishtestnextMonday.練習題（用test正確形式填空）Theteachergaveusadifficultmath______yesterday.Thedoctor______hisbloodpressureandsaiditwasalittlehigh.Theyaregoingtotakeadriving______nextmonth.25.flu/flu?/詞性：不可數(shù)名詞（=influenza，流感）核心用法：指“流行性感冒”，比普通感冒（cold）更嚴重；前面需加定冠詞the（havetheflu）。常見搭配：havetheflu得流感preventtheflu預防流感fluvaccine流感疫苗變形：無復數(shù)形式；形容詞形式：flulike（像流感的）中考考點：①不可數(shù)名詞的用法；②固定搭配（havetheflu）；③與cold的詞義辨析。例句：Manystudentsinourclasshavetheflu,sotheteachercanceledtheactivity.練習題（用flu正確形式填空）Ifyouhavethe______,youshouldstayathomeandrest.Thebestwaytopreventthe______istogetavaccineeveryyear.Mybrotherhasbeeninbedforthreedaysbecauseofthe______.26.medicine/?medsn/詞性：不可數(shù)名詞（泛指藥）；可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：medicines，指不同種類的藥）核心用法：不可數(shù)：吃藥（takemedicine，不加冠詞）可數(shù)：不同種類的藥物（variousmedicines）常見搭配：takemedicine吃藥traditionalChinesemedicine中藥westernmedicine西藥變形：medicine→medicines（復數(shù)）；形容詞形式：medical（醫(yī)學的）中考考點：①可數(shù)與不可數(shù)的辨析；②takemedicine的固定搭配（無冠詞）；③與pill的詞義辨析（medicine泛指藥，pill指藥丸）。例句：Youmusttakethemedicinethreetimesadayaftermeals.練習題（用medicine正確形式填空）Thedoctorgavemesome______totreatmycold.It’simportanttotakethe______ontimeifyouwanttogetbetter.Thehospitalhasalotofdifferent______forvariousdiseases.27.mask/mɑ?sk/詞性：可數(shù)名詞；動詞核心用法：作名詞：口罩；面具（如facemask,Halloweenmask）作動詞：戴口罩；掩蓋（情緒）常見搭配：wearamask戴口罩afacemask口罩maskone’sfeelings掩蓋情緒變形：mask→masks（復數(shù)/動詞三單）→masked（過去式/過去分詞）→masking（現(xiàn)在分詞）中考考點：①詞性轉換；②在健康防護類語境中的運用；③動詞用法的理解。例句：Youshouldwearamaskwhenyougooutduringthefluseason.練習題（用mask正確形式填空）Thestudentsareaskedtowear______whentheyentertheschool.She______hersadnesswithasmileandtalkedtoushappily.Therearemanycolorful______inthestoreforHalloween.28.virus/?va?r?s/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：viruses）核心用法：指“病毒”；可用于生物、醫(yī)療類語境，也可比喻“計算機病毒”。常見搭配：acoldvirus感冒病毒spreadavirus傳播病毒putervirus計算機病毒變形：virus→viruses（復數(shù)，詞尾us變i）中考考點：不規(guī)則復數(shù)變形；在健康、科技類語境中的運用。例句：Thiskindofviruscanspreadquicklyfrompersontoperson.練習題（用virus正確形式填空）Scientistsareworkinghardtodevelopavaccineagainstthisnew______.Theseharmful______cancauseseriousdiseases.Washinghandsfrequentlycanpreventthespreadof______.29.stop...fromdoing說明：這是動詞短語，表“阻止……做某事”；from可以省略（主動語態(tài)），但被動語態(tài)中from不能省略。核心用法：同義短語：prevent...fromdoing;keep...fromdoing。常見搭配：stopusfromgoingout阻止我們出去stopthefactoryfrompolluting阻止工廠污染變形：stop→stops→stopped→stopping中考考點：①短語的固定搭配；②from的省略情況；③同義短語辨析。例句：Wearingmaskscanstopusfromcatchingtheflu.練習題（用stop...fromdoing的正確形式填空）Weshoulddosomethingto______thefactory______pollutingtheriver.Theheavyrain______them______goingtothepark.Thiskindofmedicinecan______you______gettingacold.30.description/d??skr?p?n/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：descriptions）核心用法：指“描述；描寫”；動詞形式是describe。常見搭配：giveadescriptionof描述……adetaileddescription詳細描述beyonddescription難以形容變形：動詞形式：describe（描述）；形容詞形式：descriptive（描述性的）中考考點：詞性轉換（describe→description）；固定搭配。例句：Thewitnessgaveadetaileddescriptionofthesuspect.練習題（用description正確形式填空）Canyougivemeabrief______ofyournewschool?Thebookhasvivid______ofthebeautifulcountryside.His______oftheaccidenthelpedthepolicefindthetruth.31.patient/?pe??nt/詞性：可數(shù)名詞；形容詞核心用法：作名詞：病人（如hospitalpatient）作形容詞：耐心的（后接withsb/sth）常見搭配：ahospitalpatient住院病人bepatientwithsb對某人有耐心bepatientofsth容忍某事變形：名詞復數(shù)：patients副詞：patiently（耐心地）名詞：patience（耐心）中考考點：①詞性轉換；②名詞與形容詞的詞義辨析；③bepatientwith的固定搭配。例句：Thedoctorisverykindtohispatients.練習題（用patient正確形式填空）Thenursetookgoodcareofallthe______intheward.Youshouldbe______withchildrenwhentheyarelearningnewthings.Theteacherisalways______andexplainseverythingclearly.32.injury/??nd??ri/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：injuries）核心用法：指“（身體的）外傷；損傷”，常與accident,sports搭配；動詞形式是injure。常見搭配：getaninjury受傷asportsinjury運動損傷seriousinjuries重傷變形：復數(shù)：injuries動詞：injure（傷害）形容詞：injured（受傷的）中考考點：①詞性轉換；②與hurt,wound的詞義辨析（injury側重外傷，hurt側重疼痛，wound側重刀傷、槍傷）。例句：Hesufferedakneeinjuryduringthefootballmatch.練習題（用injury正確形式填空）Theplayerhadtoleavethegamebecauseofaserious______.Thedoctortreatedhis______carefullyandtoldhimtorest.Manypeoplegot______inthecaraccident.33.illness/??ln?s/詞性：可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：illnesses）核心用法：指“疾??；病”，泛指各種身心疾??；形容詞形式是ill。常見搭配：sufferfromanillness患病aseriousillness重病recoverfromanillness病愈變形：復數(shù)：illnesses形容詞：ill（生病的，作表語）；sick（生病的，作定語/表語）中考考點：①與disease的詞義辨析（illness側重生病的狀態(tài)，disease側重具體疾?。虎谠~性轉換。例句：Hismotherhasbeenabsentfromworkbecauseofalongtermillness.練習題（用illness正確形式填空）Theoldmanhasbeenfightingagainstthe______formanyyears.Shemissedtheexambecauseofasudden______.Goodhabitscanhelpyoupreventmany______.34.knife/na?f/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：knives）核心用法：指“刀；小刀”；復數(shù)變形為不規(guī)則變化（f變ves）。常見搭配：akitchenknife菜刀apocketknife折疊小刀sharpenaknife磨刀變形：knife→knives（復數(shù)）；動詞形式：knife（用刀割）中考考點：不規(guī)則復數(shù)變形（knife→knives）；在生活類語境中的運用。例句：Becarefulwiththatsharpknife,oryoumaycutyourfinger.練習題（用knife正確形式填空）Thecookusesasharp______tocutvegetables.Therearetwo______andthreeforksonthetable.Heboughtanew______forcampinglastweekend.35.clear/kl??(r)/詞性：形容詞；動詞；副詞核心用法：作形容詞：清晰的；清楚的；晴朗的（clearsky）作動詞：清理；使清楚（clearthetable）作副詞：清楚地（speakclear）常見搭配：clearsky晴朗的天空clearone’sthroat清嗓子clearthetable收拾桌子makeitclear說清楚變形：形容詞比較級：clearer；最高級：clearest副詞：clearly（清楚地，更常用）動詞：clear→clears→cleared→clearing中考考點：①多詞性辨析；②固定搭配；③形容詞與副詞的用法區(qū)分。例句：Theskyiscleartoday,sowecangohiking.練習題（用clear正確形式填空）Canyouspeak______sothateveryonecanhearyou?Theteacheraskedusto______ourdesksbeforeleaving.Aftertherain,theairisfreshandtheskyis______.36.pain/pe?n/詞性：可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞；動詞核心用法：作名詞：疼痛；痛苦（可指身體或心理）作動詞：使疼痛；使痛苦常見搭配：feelpain感到疼痛inpain疼痛地takepainstodosth費力做某事painsbdeeply使某人深感痛苦變形：名詞：pain→pains（復數(shù)）動詞：pain→pains→pained→paining形容詞：painful（疼痛的）中考考點：①詞性轉換；②與ache的詞義辨析（pain泛指各種疼痛，ache指持續(xù)的隱痛）；③takepainstodo的固定搭配。例句：Shefeltasharppaininherlegwhenshefelldown.練習題（用pain正確形式填空）Themedicinecanhelpyourelievethe______inyourback.He______hisheadandsaidhecouldn’trememberanything.Takingcareofasickpersonrequiresalotof______andpatience.37.what'smore說明：這是短語，表“而且；此外”，用于補充說明，相當于besides,inaddition。核心用法：常用于句首，作插入語，后面加逗號。常見搭配：用于連接兩個句子，補充遞進信息。變形：無詞形變化中考考點：在寫作中的銜接作用；同義短語辨析。例句：Themovieisveryinteresting.What'smore,ithasameaningfulstory.練習題（用what'smore的正確形式填空，注意句子邏輯）Thisbookischeap.______,itisveryeducational.HeisgoodatEnglish.______,hecanspeakFrenchfluently.Theparkisbig.______,ithasmanybeautifulflowers.38.brightness/?bra?tn?s/詞性：不可數(shù)名詞核心用法：指“明亮；亮度”；形容詞形式是bright。常見搭配：thebrightnessofthesun陽光的明亮adjustthebrightness調節(jié)亮度brightnessofsmile笑容的燦爛變形：形容詞：bright（明亮的；聰明的）副詞：brightly（明亮地）中考考點：詞性轉換（bright→brightness）；在物理、生活類語境中的運用。例句：Youcanadjustthebrightnessofthescreentoprotectyoureyes.練習題（用brightness正確形式填空）The______ofthelightistoostrong,soIneedtoturnitdown.The______ofthemoonlitupthewholestreetatnight.ThisTVcanautomaticallyadjustthe______accordingtotheenvironment.39.environment/?n?va?r?nm?nt/詞性：可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：environments）核心用法：指“環(huán)境；周圍狀況”，可指自然環(huán)境或社會環(huán)境。常見搭配：protecttheenvironment保護環(huán)境asafeenvironment安全的環(huán)境naturalenvironment自然環(huán)境變形：復數(shù)：environments形容詞：environmental（環(huán)境的）副詞：environmentally（環(huán)境方面地）中考考點：①固定搭配（protecttheenvironment）；②詞性轉換；③在環(huán)保類寫作中的運用。例句：Weshoulddoourbesttoprotectthenaturalenvironment.練習題（用environment正確形式填空）Acleanandhealthy______isgoodforourhealth.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestoimprovetheliving______.Protectingthe______iseveryone’sresponsibility.40.cross/kr?s/詞性：動詞；名詞；形容詞核心用法：作動詞：穿過；越過（crosstheroad）作名詞：十字形；十字架作形容詞：交叉的；生氣的（crossarms）常見搭配：crossthestreet過馬路crossout劃掉crossone’sarms交叉雙臂becrosswithsb對某人生氣變形：動詞：cross→crosses→crossed→crossing名詞：crossing（十字路口）中考考點：①多詞性辨析；②動詞用法（=goacross）；③與across的詞性區(qū)分（cross是動詞，across是介詞）。例句：Youmustlookbothwaysbeforeyoucrosstheroad.練習題（用cross正確形式填空）______thestreetwhenthetrafficlightisgreen.He______hisnamefromthelistbecausehecouldn’te.Thereisa______atthecornerofthestreet.41.catchfire詞性：動詞短語（不及物動詞短語，無被動語態(tài)）核心用法：表示“著火；開始燃燒”，強調自發(fā)燃燒的動作或過程，區(qū)別于表狀態(tài)的beonfire。常見搭配catchfireeasily容易著火makesuresthdoesn’tcatchfire確保某物不著火dryleavescatchfirequickly干樹葉很容易著火變形動詞形式變化：catch→catches（三單）→caught（過去式/過去分詞）→catching（現(xiàn)在分詞）中考核心考點與beonfire的辨析（高頻考點）catchfire：強調動作，“（某物）著火了”，是瞬間性的變化。例：Thewoodenhousecaughtfireinthebigstorm.beonfire：強調狀態(tài)，“（某物）處于著火的狀態(tài)”，是持續(xù)性的。例：Thewoodenhousewasonfirefortwohoursbeforethefiremenarrived.不及物屬性：不能說“sthiscaughtfire”，只能用主動形式。例句Theoldnewspaperwillcatchfireifyouputitnearthecandle.Drygrasscatchesfireeasilyinhotsummer.練習題（用catchfire的正確形式填空）Becarefulwiththecandle!Thecurtainmay______ifitistooclose.Lastnight,thefactory______becauseofashortcircuit（短路）.Theseplasticmaterialsdon’t______easily,sotheyaresafeforoutdooruse.42.themselves/e?m?selvz/詞性：反身代詞（復數(shù)第三人稱）核心用法：強調動作作用于主語“他們/她們/它們”自身；作賓語或同位語。常見搭配：bythemselves獨自helpthemselvestosth隨便吃/用某物hurtthemselves傷到自己變形：無詞形變化；對應單數(shù)形式：himself/herself/itself中考考點：反身代詞與主語的人稱一致；固定搭配。例句：Thechildrenmadebreakfastbythemselveswhentheirparentswereout.練習題（用themselves正確形式填空）Thestudentsorganizedthesportsmeetingallby______.Thelittlecatscanfindfoodby______now.Mygrandparentssaytheycantakecareof______eveniftheyareold.43.fry/fra?/詞性：動詞核心用法：指“煎；炸”，烹飪類動詞；過去式/過去分詞為不規(guī)則變化。常見搭配：fryeggs煎蛋frypotatoes炸土豆friedchicken炸雞（過去分詞作定語）變形：fry→fries（三單）→fried（過去式/過去分詞）→frying（現(xiàn)在分詞）中考考點：不規(guī)則動詞變形；在烹飪類語境中的運用；fried作定語的用法。例句：Mymotherlikestofrysteakfordinneronweekends.練習題（用fry正確形式填空）She______someeggsforbreakfastthismorning.Don’t______thechickenfortoolong,oritwillbeburnt.Thesmellof______foodmademefeelhungry.44.turnon說明：這是動詞短語，表“打開（電器、水龍頭等）”，反義短語是turnoff。核心用法：賓語是代詞時，需放在turn和on中間（turniton）。常見搭配：turnonthelight開燈turnontheTV開電視turnonthetap開水龍頭變形：turn→turns→turned→turning中考考點：①短語辨析（turnon/off/up/down）；②代詞作賓語的位置；③在生活類情景中的運用。例句：Pleaseturnonthelight;it’stoodarkintheroom.練習題（用turnon的正確形式填空）Canyou______theTV?Iwanttowatchthenews.He______theputerandstartedtodohishomework.Don’tforget______theairconditionerwhenyouentertheroom.45.stove/st??v/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：stoves）核心用法：指“爐子；爐灶；火爐”，生活類名詞。常見搭配：agasstove燃氣灶akitchenstove廚房爐灶heattheroomwithastove用爐子取暖變形：stove→stoves（復數(shù)）中考考點：在生活類語境中的詞匯運用；與cook相關的搭配。例句：Mygrandmotherusesawoodburningstovetokeepwarminwinter.練習題（用stove正確形式填空）Pleaseturnoffthe______aftercooking,oritmaycauseagasleak.Therearetwo______inthekitchen,oneforcookingandoneforheating.Theoldcoupleboughtanew______lastwinter.46.happily/?h?p?li/詞性：副詞核心用法：指“快樂地；高興地”；形容詞形式是happy。常見搭配：singhappily快樂地唱歌livehappily幸福地生活smilehappily開心地微笑變形：形容詞：happy→happier→happiest名詞：happiness（幸福）中考考點：詞性轉換（happy→happily→happiness）；副詞修飾動詞的用法。例句：Thechildrenareplayinghappilyinthepark.練習題（用happily正確形式填空）Theysanganddanced______attheparty.Thelittlegirlsmiled______whenshesawhermother.Wehopetolive______forever.47.noway說明：這是口語化短語，表“絕不；不可能”，用于否定對方的提議或想法。核心用法：常用于口語，語氣強烈；可單獨使用，也可接從句。常見搭配：Noway!絕不！There’snowaytodosth不可能做某事變形：無詞形變化中考考點：在情景交際中的口語運用；同義短語辨析（=never,notatall）。例句：NowaywillIlendyoumynewbike!練習題（用noway的正確形式填空，注意句子邏輯）______canwefinishthisworkinonehour.—Canyoulendmeyourphone?—______!It’smynewone.There’s______tosolvethisproblemwithouthishelp.48.burn/b??n/詞性：動詞；可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞核心用法：作動詞：燃燒；燒毀；燙傷（過去式/過去分詞：burned或burnt）作名詞：燒傷；灼傷常見搭配：burndown燒毀burnoneself燙傷自己getaburn被燙傷變形：動詞：burn→burns→burned/burnt→burning形容詞：burned/burnt（燒焦的）中考考點：不規(guī)則動詞變形；burned與burnt的用法區(qū)分（美式多用burned，英式多用burnt作定語）。例句：Thefireburnedtheoldhousetotheground.練習題（用burn正確形式填空）Becarefulnotto______yourhandonthehotstove.Thecakewas______becausesheleftitintheoventoolong.Hegotaserious______whenhewascooking.49.onfire說明：這是介詞短語，表“著火；起火”，強調狀態(tài)；反義詞是putout（撲滅）。核心用法：常與be動詞連用（beonfire）；不用于被動語態(tài)。常見搭配：beonfire著火catchfire著火（強調動作）set...onfire放火燒……變形：無詞形變化中考考點：與catchfire的詞義辨析（onfire表狀態(tài)，catchfire表動作）；在火災類情景中的運用。例句：Thebuildingwasonfire,andpeoplerushedoutquickly.練習題（用onfire的正確形式填空）Thehousewas______whenthefirefightersarrived.Don’tsmokehere,orthedrygrassmaycatch______.Thelittleboywasscaredwhenhesawthecarwas______.50.flame/fle?m/詞性：可數(shù)名詞（復數(shù)：flames）；動詞核心用法：作名詞：火焰；火苗（強調具體的火焰）作動詞：燃燒；發(fā)紅光常見搭配：burstintoflames突然著火orangeflames橙色的火焰flameup燃起火焰變形：flame→flames（復數(shù)/動詞三單）→flamed（過去式/過去分詞）→flaming（現(xiàn)在分詞）中考考點：在火災類情景中的詞匯運用；與fire的詞義辨析（flame指具體火苗，fire指火或火災）。例句：Theflamesspreadquicklythroughthedrygrass.練習題（用flame正確形式填空）Thecandle’s______dancedinthedarkroom.Thebuildingburstinto______withinafewminutes.Thefiremanfoughtagainstthe______bravely.51.panic/?p?n?k/詞性：名詞；動詞核心用法：作名詞：恐慌；驚慌（不可數(shù)或可數(shù)，復數(shù)：panics）作動詞：驚慌失措（過去式/過去分詞：panicked）常見搭配：inpanic驚慌地getintoapanic陷入恐慌panicsbintodoingsth嚇得某人做某事變形：名詞：panic→panics（復數(shù)）動詞：panic→panics→panicked→panicking中考考點：不規(guī)則動詞變形；名詞的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)辨析；在災難類情景中的運用。例句：Don’tpanic!Wewillgetoutofthebuildingsafely.練習題（用panic正確形式填空）Thecrowdgotintoa______whentheyheardthenews.She______whenshefoundherchildwasmissing.There’snoneedto______;everythingwillbeokay.52.onto/??ntu/詞性：介詞核心用法：表示“到……之上；向……表面”，強調有明確的移動方向，后接名詞/代詞，相當于on+to。常見搭配：jumpontothedesk跳到桌子上puttheboxontotheshelf把盒子放到架子上climbontotheroof爬到屋頂上變形：無詞形變化；易混介詞辨析：on（在……上，表靜止狀態(tài)），onto（到……上，表動態(tài)過程）中考考點：動態(tài)介詞與靜態(tài)介詞的辨析；在動作類句子中的運用。例句：Thecatjumpedontothewindowandlookedatthebirdsoutside.練習題（用onto正確形式填空）Thelittleboyclimbed______thetreetopickapples.Pleaseputthesebooks______thedeskandkeepthemtidy.Thedogran______thebedandlaydownfortably.53.throw/θr??/詞性：動詞核心用法：表示“扔；投擲；拋”，及物動詞，后接賓語；過去式/過去分詞為不規(guī)則變形。常見搭配：throwaway扔掉；拋棄throwatsb/sth朝……扔throwinto扔進變形：動詞原形：throw→threw（過去式）→thrown（過去分詞）→throwing（現(xiàn)在分詞）中考考點：不規(guī)則動詞變形（?？歼^去式/過去分詞）；短語搭配辨析。例句：Hethrewtheballtohisfriendandranafteritquic