主謂一致

考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)一語(yǔ)法一致原則

主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)通常要在語(yǔ)法形式上保持一致,即主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式(可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。用法例句不定代詞one、each、every、either、neither等以及由some-、any-、no-、every-等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式EachofushasanEnglishbook.我們每個(gè)人都有一本英語(yǔ)書(shū)。Iseverybodyready?每個(gè)人都準(zhǔn)備好了嗎?動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式Doingexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.鍛煉有益健康。用法例句由and或both...and...連接的并列成分作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式BothheandIareright.我和他都是對(duì)的。主語(yǔ)后有with、togetherwith、alongwith、except、but、aswellas、including、like等詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致Theteacherwithhisstudentsisvisitingthemuseum.老師和他的學(xué)生們正在參觀博物館。續(xù)表

用法例句“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”以及“alotof/lotsof/plentyof/mostof/halfof/therestof/(a)partof+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式要由of后面的名詞而定Threefourthsofthestudentsexerciseoften.四分之三的學(xué)生經(jīng)常鍛煉。Lotsofdamageiscausedbyfire.很多損失是由火災(zāi)造成的。用法例句“anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“許多……”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;“thenumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“……的數(shù)量”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式AnumberofplayersarefromAmerica.很多隊(duì)員來(lái)自美國(guó)。Thenumberoftheboysinourclassis28.我們班男生的人數(shù)是28?！拘Чu(píng)估】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.[2025·甘肅白銀]Weall

(love)ourcountryverymuch!

2.Alotofusefuladviceonself-protection______________

(offer)inyesterday’sactivity.

3.Eatingtoomuchsugar

(increase)theriskofheartdisease.

increases

wasoffered

love

4.Lilytogetherwithhersistersoften

(go)tothecinemaatweekends.

5.BothLilyandLucy

(visit)theLanzhouScienceandTechnologyMuseumtwice.

6.

(pet)needalotofcareandattention.Thinktwicebeforekeepingthem.

Pets

havevisited

goes

考點(diǎn)二意義一致原則

用法例句and連接兩個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)在意義上指同一概念、事物或人時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式Thepoetandwriterhasproducedmanyworks.這個(gè)詩(shī)人兼作家創(chuàng)作了很多作品。表時(shí)間、距離、長(zhǎng)度、價(jià)格、度量的詞或短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常看作一個(gè)整體,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式Fiftydollarsisenough.50美元足夠了。用法例句以-s結(jié)尾的本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的名詞(如physics、news、maths等)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式Physicsisabitdifficultforme.物理對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)有點(diǎn)難。有些集體名詞形式上雖為單數(shù),但意義上為復(fù)數(shù)(如people、police等),作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式Thepolicearelookingforthelostboy.警察正在找那個(gè)丟失的男孩。用法例句the+形容詞,表示“具有某種特征的一類人”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。the+姓氏名詞復(fù)數(shù),表示“……一家”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式Theyoungwelcomenewthings.年輕人歡迎新事物。TheGreensareswimming.格林一家正在游泳。用法例句有些集體名詞(如family、class、team等)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),若看作整體概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;若強(qiáng)調(diào)其中的每個(gè)成員,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式Mr.Smith’sfamilyisabigone.史密斯先生家是一個(gè)大家庭。Mr.Smith’sfamilyarewatchingTV.史密斯一家人正在看電視。用法例句all、most、more、some、any、none等不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),若指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;若指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式(none作主語(yǔ)時(shí),若指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單復(fù)數(shù)形式皆可)Nowallhasbeenchanged.現(xiàn)在一切都變了。Allarepresent.所有的人都在這里。【效果評(píng)估】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子,每空一詞1.我的家人習(xí)慣購(gòu)物時(shí)攜帶布袋而不是塑料袋。Myfamily

usingclothbagsinsteadofplasticoneswhenshopping.

2.老年人有更多的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn),我們可以從中學(xué)習(xí)。Theold

lifeexperiencethatwecanlearnfrom.

have

more

get/are

used

to

3.她勝利的消息傳開(kāi)了,同學(xué)們都為她高興。The

ofhervictory

,andallherclassmatesfeelhappyforher.

spreads

news

考點(diǎn)三就近原則

用法例句連詞or、either...or...、neither...nor...、notonly...butalso...等連接兩個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與較近的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致Whathedoesorwhathesaysdoesn’tconcernme.他的行為或言談都與我無(wú)關(guān)。NeitheryounorIamwrong.你和我都沒(méi)錯(cuò)。用法例句當(dāng)Therebe和Herebe句型中的主語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與最近的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致Thereisabookandtwocupsonthetable.桌上有一本書(shū)和兩個(gè)杯子?！拘Чu(píng)估】一、單項(xiàng)填空1.[2025·吉林長(zhǎng)春]There

someflowersinmyroom.Ioftenwaterthem.

A.isB.areC.wasD.wereB

二、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空2.NeitherLilynorherparents

outdoorswhentherainstormcame.

3.Don’tworry.There

lotsoftimelefttocompletethistask.

4.GuizhouislocatedinthesouthwestofChina.Here

plentyofplacesofinterestandspeciallocalculture.

are

is

were

強(qiáng)化練習(xí)一、根據(jù)句意用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(每小題1分,滿分8分)1.WatchingTVtoomuch

(be)badforyoureyes.

2.BothJaneandLily

(be)doctors.

3.Theyoung

(like)listeningtopopsongs.

4.NowTomwithhisclassmates

(play)footballontheplayground.

isplaying

like

are

is

5.Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthat________

(include)learningfromtextbooks,andmistakesaswell.

6.[2025·四川達(dá)州]Healways

(spend)timewithhisfamilyonweekends.

7.[2025·云南]Nowadays,thousandsofforeign__________

(visit)cometoChinaonvacation.

visitors

spends

includes

8.Notonlymyparentsbutmylittlesister_____________(prepare)forthebirthdaypartywhenIgothome.

waspreparing

二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子,每空一詞(每小題2分,滿分16分)1.這個(gè)作家兼演說(shuō)家現(xiàn)在正在她的家鄉(xiāng)做關(guān)于中國(guó)文化的演講。Thewriterandspeaker

aspeechonChinesecultureinherhometownnow.

is

giving/making

2.不管生活有多艱難,海倫從未放棄希望。Howeverhardthelifeis,Helennever________________

herhope.

3.[2025·甘肅白銀]新年是親朋團(tuán)聚的好時(shí)光。NewYearisawonderfultimewhenfamilyandfriends

.

come/get/are

together

gives

up

4.越來(lái)越多的人正在使用AI來(lái)幫助他們工作。Moreandmorepeople

AItohelpthemwiththeirwork.

5.“林業(yè)英雄”郭萬(wàn)剛在過(guò)去的四十多年里在騰格里沙漠上建起了一道綠色屏障。GuoWangang,theforestryhero,

agreenbeltintheTenggerDesertformorethan40years.

has

built

are

using

6.團(tuán)隊(duì)合作在實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的目標(biāo)中發(fā)揮著重要作用。Teamwork

animportant

inachievingourgoals.

7.相聲中有說(shuō)學(xué)逗唱四種藝術(shù)手段。

fourkeyskillsofxiangsheng—shuo,xue,douandchang.

There

are

role/part

plays

8.“一帶一路”倡議源于中國(guó),但它屬于整個(gè)世界。TheBeltandRoadInitiativeisfromChinabut_________

thewholeworld.

belongs

to

三、按要求完成句子,每空一詞(每小題2分,滿分8分)1.Iamnotgoodatplayin