高中英語短語深度剖析與實(shí)用總結(jié)在高中英語的學(xué)習(xí)版圖中，短語猶如散落的珍珠，串聯(lián)起詞匯與語法，是構(gòu)建地道表達(dá)、提升語言運(yùn)用能力的關(guān)鍵一環(huán)。它們不僅在閱讀理解中扮演著“語義密碼”的角色，更在書面寫作與口語交流中直接影響表達(dá)的流暢度與準(zhǔn)確性。本文旨在系統(tǒng)梳理高中階段核心英語短語，按其功能與結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分類解析，并輔以實(shí)用示例，助力同學(xué)們實(shí)現(xiàn)從“認(rèn)識”到“活用”的跨越。一、動詞短語篇：行動的精準(zhǔn)表達(dá)動詞短語是英語中最具活力的部分，由動詞與介詞、副詞或名詞等搭配而成，往往產(chǎn)生超越單個詞語本身的特定含義。1.動詞+介詞(Verb+Preposition)此類短語后通常需接賓語，賓語為人稱代詞時，代詞置于短語中間。*accountfor:解釋，說明原因；占比。*e.g.*Herillnessaccountsforherabsence.(她的病是她缺席的原因。)*applyfor:申請。*e.g.*Heappliedforascholarshiptostudyabroad.*approveof:贊成，同意。*e.g.*Myparentsdon’tapproveofstayingoutlate.*arriveat:到達(dá)（小地點(diǎn)）；達(dá)成（協(xié)議、結(jié)論）。*e.g.*Wearrivedataconsensusafterlongdiscussion.*believein:相信，信任；信仰。*e.g.*Doyoubelieveinghosts?*careabout:關(guān)心，在乎。*e.g.*Shecaresdeeplyaboutenvironmentalprotection.*consistof:由……組成。*dependon/upon:依靠，依賴；取決于。*e.g.*Successdependsonhardworkandabitofluck.*dreamof/about:夢想，向往。*hearfrom:收到……的來信/消息。*e.g.*Ihaven’theardfrommyoldfriendforyears.*insiston:堅持（做某事）。*e.g.*Sheinsistedongoingtherealone.*laughat:嘲笑。*e.g.*It’snotpolitetolaughatothers’mistakes.*lookafter:照顧，照料。*e.g.*CouldyoulookaftermycatwhileI’maway?*lookfor:尋找。*e.g.*I’mlookingformylostkeys.*objectto:反對。*e.g.*Manypeopleobjecttobuildingafactoryhere.*payattentionto:注意。*e.g.*Pleasepayattentiontowhattheteacherissaying.*preparefor:為……做準(zhǔn)備。*e.g.*Studentsarebusypreparingforthefinalexams.*protectfrom/against:保護(hù)……免受……*e.g.*Sunglassesprotectoureyesfromthesun.*relyon/upon:依靠，依賴。*e.g.*Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.*searchfor:搜尋，尋找。*e.g.*Thepolicearesearchingforthemissingchild.*smileat:對……微笑。*e.g.*ShesmiledatmewhenIenteredtheroom.*sufferfrom:遭受，患病。*e.g.*Hesuffersfromabadback.*thinkabout:考慮；想起。*e.g.*I’mthinkingaboutchangingmyjob.*thinkof:想到；考慮；認(rèn)為。*e.g.*Ican’tthinkofhisnamerightnow.*waitfor:等待。*e.g.*We’rewaitingforthebus.*worryabout:擔(dān)心。*e.g.*Don’tworryaboutme;I’llbefine.2.動詞+副詞(Verb+Adverb)此類短語的賓語位置需注意：名詞賓語可置于中間或末尾；代詞賓語必須置于中間。部分短語可及物，可不及物，意義可能有所不同。*breakdown:（機(jī)器）出故障；（談判等）失??；（身體/精神）垮掉。*e.g.*Thecarbrokedownonthewaytotheairport./Talksbetweenthetwocountriesbrokedown.*breakup:分手；解散；打碎。*e.g.*Theybrokeupafterdatingfortwoyears./Themeetingbrokeupatnoon.*bringup:提出（話題）；撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育；嘔吐。*e.g.*Shebroughtuptheissueduringthemeeting./Hewasbroughtupbyhisgrandparents.*calloff:取消。*e.g.*Thefootballmatchwascalledoffduetorain.*carryout:執(zhí)行，實(shí)施。*e.g.*Theplanwascarriedoutsuccessfully.*e.g.*Icameacrossanoldphotointhedrawer.*e.g.*Hecameupwithagoodsolutiontotheproblem.*cutdown:削減，減少；砍倒。*e.g.*Youshouldcutdownonsugartokeephealthy./Theycutdownmanytreestobuildhouses.*figureout:弄清楚，理解；算出。*e.g.*Ican’tfigureouthowtousethismachine./Canyoufigureouttheanswer?*giveup:放棄。*e.g.*Nevergiveupyourdreams.*goon:繼續(xù)；發(fā)生。*e.g.*Pleasegoonwithyourstory./What’sgoingonhere?*growup:長大，成長。*e.g.*IwanttobeadoctorwhenIgrowup.*handin:上交。*e.g.*PleasehandinyourhomeworkbeforeFriday.*hangup:掛斷電話；懸掛。*e.g.*ShehungupbeforeIcouldexplain./Hangupyourcoatinthecloset.*holdon:等一下；堅持住。*e.g.*Holdon,I’llcheckifhe’sin./Holdon,helpisontheway.*lookup:查閱（詞典、資料）；向上看。*e.g.*Lookupthewordinthedictionaryifyoudon’tknowit.*makeup:編造（故事、謊言）；組成；化妝；和好。*e.g.*Shemadeupanexcuseforbeinglate./Theteamismadeupoffiveplayers./Theyfinallymadeupaftertheirargument.*pickup:撿起；（偶然）學(xué)會；接（人/物）；好轉(zhuǎn)。*e.g.*ShepickedupsomeFrenchwhilelivinginParis./I’llpickyouupatthestation./Theeconomyispickingup.*putaway:收拾好，放好。*e.g.*Putawayyourtoyswhenyou’vefinishedplaying.*putoff:推遲。*e.g.*ThemeetingwasputoffuntilnextMonday.*runout(of):用完，耗盡。（runout主語通常是物；runoutof主語是人）*e.g.*Oursuppliesarerunningout./Wehaverunoutoffuel.*setup:建立，創(chuàng)立；設(shè)置。*showoff:炫耀。*e.g.*Helikestoshowoffhisnewcar.*takeoff:（飛機(jī)）起飛；脫下（衣服）；（事業(yè)等）突然成功。*e.g.*Theplanetookoffontime./Takeoffyourshoesbeforeentering./Hiscareertookoffafterthatmovie.*turndown:關(guān)?。ㄒ袅康龋痪芙^。*e.g.*Pleaseturndownthemusic./Heturneddownthejoboffer.*turnoff:關(guān)掉（電器等）。*e.g.*Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyouleave.*turnon:打開（電器等）。*e.g.*TurnontheTV,please.*wakeup:醒來；叫醒某人。*e.g.*Iwakeupearlyeverymorning./Wakemeupatsixtomorrow.3.動詞+名詞+介詞(Verb+Noun+Preposition)*catchsightof:看見，瞥見。*e.g.*Icaughtsightofherinthecrowd.*getridof:擺脫，除去。*e.g.*Weneedtogetridoftheoldfurniture.*makefunof:取笑，嘲弄。*e.g.*It’sunkindtomakefunofpeoplewithdisabilities.*makeuseof:利用。*e.g.*Weshouldmakefulluseofourtime.*payattentionto:注意（前文已出現(xiàn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)其重要性）*takecareof:照顧，照料。*e.g.*Whowilltakecareofthechildrenwhilewe’reaway?*takeadvantageof:利用（機(jī)會等）。*e.g.*Shetookadvantageofthegoodweathertogohiking.二、介詞短語篇：時空與邏輯的構(gòu)建介詞短語在句中可作狀語、定語、表語等，用以表示時間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因、伴隨等邏輯關(guān)系。1.表示時間(Time)*inthemorning/afternoon/evening:在早上/下午/晚上*atdawn/noon/dusk/night:在黎明/中午/黃昏/夜里*onMonday/Tuesday.../onJuly1st/onNewYear’sDay:在周幾/具體日期/節(jié)日*attheageof:在……歲時*e.g.*Hestartedlearningpianoattheageoffive.*inadvance:提前*e.g.*Bookyourticketsinadvancetogetadiscount.*intime:及時*e.g.*Wearrivedjustintimeforthemeeting.*ontime:準(zhǔn)時*e.g.*Pleasebehereontime.*forthetimebeing:暫時，目前*e.g.*We’llstayhereforthetimebeing.*intheend:最后，終于*e.g.*Intheend,theyreachedanagreement.*atfirst:起初，首先*e.g.*Atfirst,Ididn’tlikethemovie,butitgrewonme.2.表示地點(diǎn)與方位(Place&Direction)*intheeast/west/north/south:在東/西/北/南方（指在范圍之內(nèi)）*ontheeast/west/north/south:在東/西/北/南方（指接壤）*totheeast/west/north/south:在東/西/北/南方（指在范圍之外，不接壤）*infrontof:在……前面（外部）*e.g.*Thereisatreeinfrontofthehouse.*inthefrontof:在……前部（內(nèi)部）*e.g.*Hesatinthefrontofthecar.*atthebackof:在……后面（內(nèi)部或外部均可，較常用）*e.g.*Thetoiletisatthebackofthebuilding.*behind:在……后面（外部）*nextto:緊挨著*e.g.*Myhouseisnexttothepark.*farfrom:遠(yuǎn)離*e.g.*Thevillageisfarfromthecity.*onthewayto:在去……的路上*e.g.*Imetanoldfriendonthewaytoschool.*bybus/bike/car/plane/train:乘公交/自行車/汽車/飛機(jī)/火車*onfoot:步行*bymeansof:通過……方式，借助……手段*e.g.*Hesucceededbymeansofhardwork.*withasmile:帶著微笑*e.g.*Shegreetedmewithasmile.*inEnglish/Chinese:用英語/漢語*e.g.*Pleasewriteyournameinpencil.*accordingto:根據(jù)*e.g.*Accordingtotheweatherforecast,itwillraintomorrow.4.表示原因、目的與結(jié)果(Cause,Purpose&Result)*becauseof:因?yàn)椋ê蠼用~或名詞性短語）*e.g.*Hewaslatebecauseofthetrafficjam.*dueto:由于（較正式，可作表語或狀語）*e.g.*Thedelaywasduetoheavysnow./Duetohisillness,hecouldn’tattend.*thanksto:多虧，由于（通常指好的結(jié)果）*e.g.*Thankstoyourhelp,Ifinishedtheworkontime.*forthesakeof:為了……的利益，為了*e.g.*Shediditforthesakeofherfamily.*inorderto:為了（后接動詞原形，表目的）*e.g.*Hestudieshardinordertopasstheexam.*soasto:為了（后接動詞原形，表目的，通常不用于句首）*e.g.*Shesavedmoneysoastobuyanewlaptop.*asaresult:結(jié)果（后接句子）*e.g.*Heworkedveryhard;asaresult,hegotapromotion.*asaresultof:由于……的結(jié)果（后接名詞或名詞性短語）*e.g.*Asaresultoftheaccident,hewasinjured.5.其他常用介詞短語*inaddition(to):此外，另外（除……之外）*e.g.*Ilikemusic.Inaddition,Ienjoypainting./InadditiontoEnglish,hestudiesFrench.*infact:事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上*e.g.*Infact,Idon’tagreewithyou.*ingeneral:一般來說，大體上*e.g.*Ingeneral,boysaremoreinterestedinsportsthangirls.*inconclusion:總之，最后*e.g.*Inconclusion,weshouldprotectourenvironment.*onthecontrary:相反*e.g.*Hedidn’tseemsad;onthecontrary,helookedveryhappy.*ontheotherhand:另一方面*e.g.*Ononehand,it’scheap;ontheotherhand,it’snotverygoodquality.*inchargeof:負(fù)責(zé)，管理*e.g.*Sheisinchargeofthemarketingdepartment.*insteadof:代替，而不是*e.g.*I’llhaveteainsteadofcoffee.*apartfrom:除……之外（還有）*e.g.*Apartfrommath,heisgoodatallothersubjects.*regardlessof:不管，不顧*e.g.*Hewentoutregard