1、Unit2,LivingEnviroment,TextA,LivingEnvironment,TheFirstTwoPeriods,GroupDiscussion,Question:Whatsuggestionsdoyouhaveforenviromentalprotection?,Livingenvironmentreferstotheenvironmentrelevanttothedailylivesofhumanbeings,includingtheatmosphere,water,waste,noise,offensiveodors,etc.Peoplehavetherighttoli

2、veinahealthyandpleasantenvironment,andatthesametimeitistheirobligationtostrivetobuildupenvironment-friendlylifestyles.,BackgroundInformation,accident,Derivatives:,Keywordsandusefulexpressions,accidentaladj.意外的，偶然的accidentallyadv.意外地，偶然地,UsefulExpressions:,byaccident偶然地byaccidentof憑著的機遇（或運氣）withoutac

3、cident順利而安全地，安然無恙地,trip,NB:,Itrippedoverastoneonthegroundandfell.,Collocation:,make/haveatriptosomeplace去某地旅行,Keywordsandusefulexpressions,trip還可以作動詞vt./vi.“絆倒，摔倒；犯錯”,Hetrippedonthatdifficultquestion.,step,NB:,Shecarefullyfollowedeverystepintheinstructions.,PhrasalVerb:,stepaside讓開stepdown讓位stepin進入

4、，介入,Keywordsandusefulexpressions,step的詞性變化：n./v.腳步，步驟；走，踏,Dontsteponthegrass.,UsefulExpression:,stepbystep逐步地steponit趕快，加把勁，踩油門stepononestoes踩到某人的腳尖，得罪某人takesteps采取措施,decorate,Derivatives:,Keywordsandusefulexpressions,decoratev.裝飾，裝修decorationn.裝飾，飾品decorativeadj.裝飾的,NB:,口語中decoration還簡化為decor：,Ilov

5、ethisrestaurant-thefoodissogood,andIlovethedecorandthepaintings,too!,sticky,Derivatives:,stickn./v.棍,棒,手杖；粘貼，戳，迷住stickinessn.粘性stickyadj.粘的；棘手的；（天氣）濕熱的,Keywordsandusefulexpressions,UsefulExpression:,cometoastickyend落個不好的下場holdastickto可以和媲美，比得上givesb.thestick責(zé)打某人，懲罰某人,PhrasalVerb:,stickaround待在附近stic

6、kto粘在上；忠于，信守,considerate,Derivatives:,considervt.考慮，認為considerableadj.相當(dāng)大（或多）的，值得考慮的considerablyadv.相當(dāng)?shù)豤onsiderateadj.體貼的，考慮周到的consideratelyadv.體貼地，體諒地inconsiderateadj.不顧及別人的，輕率的considerationn.體諒，考慮,Keywordsandusefulexpressions,UsefulExpressions:,allthingsconsidered從各方面考慮起來takeintoconsideration考慮到，顧

7、及underconsideration在考慮中，在研究中,Collocations:,consider(tobe/as)認為（是）,Keywordsandusefulexpressions,Heconsideredthegirl(tobe/as)beautiful.,considerthat認為,Heconsideredthatthegirlwasbeautiful.,beconsideratetosb./ofsth.體諒某人某事,Sheisconsideratetoeveryoneinhercompany.,Sheisalwaysconsiderateofothersfeelings.,li

8、cense,NB:,Derivatives:,licensedadj.得到許可的licenseen.獲許可的人,領(lǐng)到執(zhí)照的人licenser/licensorn.認可證頒發(fā)者(尤指批準(zhǔn)書籍出版或戲劇演出的官員）,Keywordsandusefulexpressions,注意在美語中名詞和動詞均為license，而在英語中l(wèi)icense是動詞，名詞則為licence。,UsefulExpression:,licenseplate(=licensetag)（汽車等的）牌照,reserve,NB:,Derivatives:,reservationn.保留，（旅館房間等）預(yù)定，預(yù)約reservedad

9、j.保留的，矜持的,Keywordsandusefulexpressions,reserve的詞性變化：vt.保留，預(yù)定n.儲備，貯藏量adj.貯存的,UsefulExpression:,inreserve備用的withoutreserve無保留地，無條件地,instruct,Derivatives:,respondentadj./n.回答的；答復(fù)者responsen.回答，響應(yīng)，反應(yīng)responsiveadj.響應(yīng)的，作出響應(yīng)的,Keywordsandusefulexpressions,Collocations:,instructsb.todosth.指示某人做某事,Sheinstructe

10、daclassinEnglish.,Theofficerinstructedhismentostartearly.,NB:,“指令”、“命令”或“操作指南”常作復(fù)數(shù)instructions.,instructsb.insth.在指導(dǎo)某人,respond,Derivatives:,instructionn.指導(dǎo)，指令，用法說明(書)instructiveadj.有益的,教育性的instructorn.教員，指導(dǎo)者instructressn.女教師,女指導(dǎo),Keywordsandusefulexpressions,Collocations:,beresponsiveto易對反應(yīng)的，易受感動的,re

11、spondto對作出反應(yīng),UsefulExpressions:,make/give/havearesponseto對作出反應(yīng),inresponse(tosth./sb.)作為（對的）答復(fù)或反應(yīng),Thetextcanbedividedinto2parts:,Part1(Paragraphs1-7):,ThestoryofmyfirstencounterwithJackandhowIfoundhimaveryspecialtaxidriver.,Part2(Paragraph8):,AgreattruthJackhadhiton:wehavebynatureasenseofbeauty,andar

12、ewillingtodosomethingtoaddtothebeautyinourlife.,GlobalReading,PartDivisionoftheText,GR_FurtherUnderstanding,1.Whywasthecabdifferent?2.WhatdidJackdowheneachpassengergotout?WhatdoesthisdetailshowusaboutJack?3.WhyhadntJackeverbeendisappointedbypeoplesince1987?,Wheneachpassengergotout,Jackcheckedtomakes

13、urethateverythingwasinorderforthenextfare.ThisdetailshowsthatJackwasaverycarefulandindustrioustaxidriver.,Questions:,Becausethecabwascleananddecorated.Thefloorwascoveredwitharug.ThereweresmallreproductionsofpaintingsbyVanGoghandGauguininsidethecab.Andthewindowswerespotless.,Becausehefoundthatpeoplea

14、ppreciatebeautifulthings,andifthecabismadetobespotlessandattractive,peoplewillbeinclinedtokeepitclean.,GlobalReading,FurtherUnderstanding,ASpecialTaxi,Myfriend,Jack,wasataxidriver.Webecamefriendsquitebyaccident.Fiveyearsago,ImadeatriptoChicago.AfterIgotoutofOHareInternationalAirport,ItookataxitotheS

15、earsTower.ThemomentIsteppedintothecab,Irealizeditwasdifferent.Thefloorwascoveredwitharug.ThereweresmallreproductionsofpaintingsbyVanGoghandGauguininsidethecab.Andthewindowswerespotless.ItoldthedriverIhadneverriddeninamoreattractivetaxi.“Iliketohearmypassengerssaythat,”hereplied.“Howlonghaveyoubeende

16、coratingyourcab?”Iasked.,DetailedReading,DR_text4-5_S,“Itsnotmine,”hesaid.“Itsacompanycab.IgottheideayearsagowhenIhadajobasaclean-upmanforthetaxicompany.Eachcarthatcameinattheendofthedaywaslikeagarbagepit.Cigarettebuttsandmatchescoveredthefloor.Stickystufflikepeanutbutterwasontheseatsordoorhandles.I

17、thoughtthatifthecompanyandthedriverswouldgivepeopleacarworthkeepingclean,theymightbemoreconsiderate.”“AssoonasIgotmytaxilicense,Itriedoutmyideas.Iputalotofextradecorationsintothecabtheygavemetodrive.Igotanicelightrugandsomeflowers.Wheneachpassengergotout,Icheckedtomakesurethateverythingwasinorderfor

18、thenextfare.Afteraboutamonthofmybringinginaspotlesscab,thebossreservedthesamecarformeeachday.ThatwaswhenIputupthereproductionsofgreatpaintings.”,DetailedReading,“Howmanyyearshaveyoubeenataxidriver?”Iasked.“Istarteddrivingin1987,andIveneverbeendisappointedbypeopleinallthattime.Iveneverhadtopickupasin

19、glecigarettebutt.Nopeanutbutterorendsofice-creamcones.Nogarbage.LikewhatIsay,peopleappreciatebeautifulthings.Ifweplantedmoreflowersandtreesinthecityandmadethebuildingsmoreattractive,morepeoplewouldbeinclinedtokeepthecityclean.”Later,webecamegoodfriends.Iwasimpressedbythetaxi-driver,whohadhitonagreat

20、truth,Ithought.Asenseofbeautycomeswiththegiftoflife.Mostpeopledonthavetobeinstructedabouttherarityofbeauty.Theyrespondwhentheyfindit.And,iftheyaremadetofeelapartofit,theywilltrytoaddtoit.(429words),DetailedReading,“Itsnotmine,”hesaid.“Itsacompanycab.IgottheideayearsagowhenIhadajobasaclean-upmanforth

21、etaxicompany.Eachcarthatcameinattheendofthedaywaslikeagarbagepit.Cigarettebuttsandmatchescoveredthefloor.Stickystufflikepeanutbutterwasontheseatsordoorhandles.Ithoughtthatifthecompanyandthedriverswouldgivepeopleacarworthkeepingclean,theymightbemoreconsiderate.”“AssoonasIgotmytaxilicense,Itriedoutmyi

22、deas.Iputalotofextradecorationsintothecabtheygavemetodrive.Igotanicelightrugandsomeflowers.Wheneachpassengergotout,Icheckedtomakesurethateverythingwasinorderforthenextfare.Afteraboutamonthofmybringinginaspotlesscab,thebossreservedthesamecarformeeachday.ThatwaswhenIputupthereproductionsofgreatpaintin

23、gs.”,所有車輛收工回來都臟得像個垃圾坑。,SentenceTranslation:,Whenthetaxicabsreturnedfromwork,theywereallverydirty,filledwithvariouswastes.,SentenceParaphrase:,句子的主干是eachcarwaslikeagarbagepit。主語car后帶了一個定語從句。注意這里的that不能省略，因為car在定語從句中作主語。當(dāng)定語從句的先行詞在從句中作主語時，關(guān)系代詞不能省略。再看文中另一個句子：Iputalotofextradecorationsintothecabtheygavem

24、etodrive.在這句中先行詞cab在從句中作賓語，關(guān)系代詞that可以省略。,StructuralAnalysis:,attheendoftheday是固定短語，表示“最后”、“到頭來”，或“最重要的”。,“Howmanyyearshaveyoubeenataxidriver?”Iasked.“Istarteddrivingin1987,andIveneverbeendisappointedbypeopleinallthattime.Iveneverhadtopickupasinglecigarettebutt.Nopeanutbutterorendsofice-creamcones.Nogarbage.LikewhatIsay,peopleappreciatebeautifulthings.Ifweplantedmoreflowersandtreesinthecityandmadethebuildingsmoreattractive,morepeoplewouldbeinclinedtokeepthecityclean.”Later,webecamegoodfriends.Iwasimpressedbythetaxi-driver,whohadhitonagreattruth,Ithought.Asenseofbeautycom