1、2005-2006 學(xué)年度春季學(xué)期 人因工程基礎(chǔ) 試卷 A 學(xué)號學(xué)號 （Student ID ） ：） ： 姓名（姓名（Name） ：） ： 答題說明：填空題直接在試卷上填寫，其他問答和計算題在答題紙上填寫答題說明：填空題直接在試卷上填寫，其他問答和計算題在答題紙上填寫 1. The overall utility of the control can be greatly influenced by such factors as ease of identification, , , , , backlash, deadspace and location. (4 points) 2The

2、 primary coding methods include shape coding of controls， ， , ， ， ，and label coding of controls (5 points) 3. Use the word (“deadspace” or “backlash”) to fill in the blanks below. in a control mechanism is the amount of control movement around the null position that results in no movement of the dev

3、ice being controlled. is the at any control position. (3 points) 4. The term ( ) refers to the rate at which light energy is emitted from a source, its unit is lumen (lm). Imagine the source of light is placed inside a sphere, the amount of light striking any point on the inside surface of the spher

4、e is called ( ). Its unit is 1 lumen per square meter, or lux (lx). The ( ) of a light source is measured in lumens emitted by the source per unit solid angle. Its unit is candela (cd). (3 points) 5. Comparing the sunlight and high pressure sodium lamp light, which one has a larger color rendering i

5、ndex (CRI)? ( ) (1 point) 6. Glare is produced by brightness within the field of vision that is sufficiently greater than the illuminance to which the eyes are adapted so as to cause annoyance, discomfort, or loss in visual 2005-2006 學(xué)年度春季學(xué)期 人因工程基礎(chǔ) 試卷 A performance and visibility. It can be classifi

6、ed according to its effect on the observer. Three types are recognized, known as ( ), ( ), and ( ). (3 points) 7. Humans have four avenues of heat exchange, they are ( ), ( ), ( ), and ( ). (4 points) 8. There are five basic components that make up the thermal environment. They are ( ), ( ), ( ), ,

7、( ), and ( ). Researchers have proposed some indices to reflect the comprehensive effect on humans, for example, the effective temperature, operative temperature, WBGT, etc. (5 points) 9. There are six major stages in the system design process. These stages are carried out in iterative fashion as th

8、e system develops. Later stages may modify decisions made in earlier stages. Please list the name of the six stages: (5 points) Stage 1 is “determine objectives and performance specifications”, Stage 2 is ( ), Stage 3 is ( ), Stage 4 is ( ), Stage 5 is ( ), Stage 6 is ( ), 10. Consider a worker who,

9、 during a workday, is exposed to the following noise levels: 95 dBA for 3.5 h 105dBA for 0.5h 85 dBA for 4.0h Is such exposure safety? Why? (8 points, 本題以及以下題目在答題紙上回答) 11 he set-up of a microscope workstation in a high-tech company is shown in Figure 1. Calculate adjustability ranges for microscope

10、eyepiece eye height, and table-top height 2005-2006 學(xué)年度春季學(xué)期 人因工程基礎(chǔ) 試卷 A (measures A and B in Figure 1) using dimensions listed in Table 1. Design for a 5th to 95th percentile female population. There are assumptions: (5 points) (1) There is no footrest. (2) The shoes are 4 cm high. (3) In the upper

11、part of the body from elbow height to shoulder height there is a postural slump of 2 cm. (4) When looking into the microscope the operators bend the head forward about 30, which moves the position of the eye downwards by 1 .5 cm. (5) The hands are manipulating focusing controls at elbow height. (6)

12、The arms are horizontal and resting on the granite slab. (7) The table top is 3 cm high. There is also a 4 cm thick granite slab on top of the table to reduce vibration. Figure 1. Microscope workstation Table 1. Body dimensions (cm) 2005-2006 學(xué)年度春季學(xué)期 人因工程基礎(chǔ) 試卷 A 12 In last problem, if the ratio of m

13、ale and female microscope workstation workers in the high-tech company is 4:1 and the company hope the workstation design could satisfy 98% workers, calculate adjustability ranges for seat height (measure C in Figure 1). Normal distribution is assumed and standard normal values (Z scores) are listed

14、 in Table 2. A normal probability paper is provided on the last page for your possible use, but you are encouraged not to use it by 3 additional score points. (10 points) Table 2. Standard normal values for computing the commonly used percentiles p 0.05th0.1st0.5th1st2.5th5th10th16.5th25th50th Zp -3

15、.291 -3.091 -2.575 -2.327 -1.960 -1.645 -1.282 -0.974 -0.675 0 p 75th83.5th90th95th 97.5th99th99.5th99.9th99.95th Zp 0.675 0.974 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.327 2.575 3.091 3.291 12 The finger below has a pinch force of 40 N. Estimate the tendon force. (5 points) Figure 2. Pinching finger 13 When locating c

16、omponents in physical space: (10 points) (1) what human capabilities and characteristics should be considered? (3 points) (2) What four principles can be applied? (2 points) (3) Currently computerized control panels (or virtual control panels, e.g. Figure 3) become more and more popular. Controls, d

17、isplays and other components are arranged on computer monitor by lifelike graphics. In this situation, can above principles still work? Explain your opinion. (5 points) 2005-2006 學(xué)年度春季學(xué)期 人因工程基礎(chǔ) 試卷 A Figure 3. A computerized control panel 14 Compare the following four baby holding manners shown in Fi

18、gure 4 based on biomechanical analysis. (10 points) (a) Completely by hand (b) With holding aid and hold the baby closely to care givers body (c) With holding aid and care givers hand (d) With another type of holding aid serve only for accident prevention with a lower belt Figure 4. Four baby holdin

19、g manners 2005-2006 學(xué)年度春季學(xué)期 人因工程基礎(chǔ) 試卷 A 2005-2006 學(xué)年度春季學(xué)期 人因工程基礎(chǔ) 試卷 A 15. ( 4 points) For stage 1 of system design, i.e. determine objectives and performance specification, please briefly explain 1) what are the objectives? 2) what are the performance specifications ? 3) what activities must be done during this stage? 4) Please give the