1、WELCOME!,Haventseenyouforsometime!,羅定市中等職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)校李金梅,會(huì)計(jì)英語(yǔ)AccountingEnglish,WhydowelearnAccountingEnglish?WhatarethelearningobjectivesofAccountingEnglish?IsAccountingEnglishdifficult?,Suggestionsforstudy,Previewingthetextisveryimportant.AnEnglishChineseDictionaryofAccounting，英漢雙解財(cái)會(huì)詞典,UNIT1,AnIntroductio

2、ntoAccounting,LearningObjectives,Explainthedefinitionofaccounting;Understandthebasicfunctionofaccounting;Ascertaintheusersofaccountinginformationandknowwhytheyneedtheinformation;Understandthetypesofaccountinginformation;Haveageneralideaoftheprofessionalfieldsofaccountingandtheirduties.Learntheaccoun

3、tingtermsinthischapterandusetheminthetranslationtask.,Account賬戶(hù)assetaccount資產(chǎn)賬戶(hù)Accounting會(huì)計(jì)（學(xué)）Imajoredinaccounting.Accountancy會(huì)計(jì)工作、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)Accountant會(huì)計(jì)師Iwanttobeanaccountant.BeanCounter數(shù)豆子的人Differentexpressionsabout“企業(yè)”inEnglishBusinessEnterpriseFirmCompanyCorporation,ReadPartIandanswerthefollowingquesti

4、ons:1.Accountingisaspecial_ofbusiness.2.Whatisthepurposeofaccounting?3.Whoaretheaccountingusers?（使用者)4.Whatarethreebasicaccountingelements?,StepOneLeadinthenewlesson,1、WhatisAccounting?,Accountingisaspecial_ofbusiness.,language,會(huì)計(jì)是一種特殊的商業(yè)用語(yǔ)。,Thepurposeofaccountingistoprovideusefulinformationfordiffe

5、rentusersinordertomaketheirdecisions.(作出決定）,providesthforsb.為某人提供某物Eg.Ourschooloftenprovidesdeliciousfoodforus.,inorderto目的/為了Eg.Westudyhardinordertomakeacontributiontothesociety,2、Whatisthepurposeoftheaccounting?,3、UsersofAccountingInformation(會(huì)計(jì)信息的使用者）,Owners業(yè)主,managers經(jīng)理,creditors債權(quán)人,governmentsa

6、gencies政府機(jī)構(gòu),customers,顧客laborunions工會(huì),andcompetitors對(duì)手,Revenue收入Expenses費(fèi)用Profits利潤(rùn),Assets資產(chǎn)Liabilities負(fù)債Ownersequity業(yè)主權(quán)益/所有者權(quán)益,4、Threebasicaccountingelements（會(huì)計(jì)的三個(gè)基本要素）,Theyexistineverybusinessentity.,4、Threebasicaccountingelements（會(huì)計(jì)的三個(gè)基本要素）,5、Accountingequation,資產(chǎn)=負(fù)債+所有者權(quán)益,equal,plus,minus,=,Asse

7、ts,Liabilities,Ownersequity,+,Assets-Liabilities=Ownersequity,Netassets=Ownersequity,=,+,-,1、Express表示2、Equityaredividedintoliabilitiesandownersequity.,divideinto把.分成.eg:Wewilldividethestudentsintothreegroups.,3、thethirdcanbecalculate(compute).計(jì)算出來(lái),6、Usefulexpressions,4.Underthebusinessentityprincip

8、le在企業(yè)實(shí)體原則下,5、theaccountingelementsareaffected（相互影響）byeachother.,6、Theaccountingequationmustbeinbalance.(平衡）,7、Readthephrasesandtext,8.Dosomeexercises:CtoEorEtoCasset_liability_equity_speciallanguage_usefulinformation_makedecision_accountingelement_,資產(chǎn),權(quán)益,特別的言語(yǔ),會(huì)計(jì)要素,有用的信息,作出決策,負(fù)債,2.Completethefollowi

9、ngsentences.,1)Accountingisa_ofbusiness.2)Thepurposeofaccountingistoprovide_tomake_.3)Therearethreebasicaccountingelements:_and_.4)Atalltimes,theaccountingequationmustbein_.5)Equitiesaredividedinto_and_.,speciallanguage,usefulinformation,decisions,assetsliabilities,ownersequity,balance,liabilitiesow

10、nersequity,Step4、Sumup:,1、Theaccountingpurposeandelements.,2、UsersofAccountingInformation.,1.FinishB.ReadingPart1EX.1and22.Readthetextbyheart,Step5、Homework:,UNITONEFinancialPositionandAccountingEquation,Financialposition:economicresourcesbelongingtoacompanyandtheclaims(equities)againstthoseresource

11、satapointintime.Economicresources=equitiesEconomicresources=creditorsequity+ownersequityAccountingequation:assets=liabilities+ownersequity,fourtypesoftransactionsthataffectownersequity,Ownersinvestments,Ownersequity,revenues,Ownerswithdrawals,expenses,Part2,AccountingProcess,Step1Review,1.Whoarethea

12、ccountingusers?2.Whatsthepurposeofaccounting?3.Whatarethebasicaccountingelements?,Thefullformofaccountingequation:Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity+Revenue-Expenses,Ownersequity,Definition:theresidualinterestintheassetsofanentitythatremainsafterdeductingitsliabilities.Ownersequity=assetsliabilitiesOwn

13、ersequity=netassets,Liabilities,Definition:probablefuturesacrificesofeconomicbenefitsarisingfrompresentobligationsofaparticularentitytotransferassetsorprovideservicestootherentitiesinthefutureasaresultofpasttransactionsorevents.Kindsofliabilities:currentliabilitiesandlong-termliabilities,Assets,Defi

14、nition:probablefutureeconomicbenefitsobtainedorcontrolledbyaparticularentityasaresultofpasttransactionsorevents;economicresourcesownedbyabusinessthatareexpectedtobenefitfutureoperations.Kindsofassets:currentassets,fixedassetsandintangibleassets.,Economicresourcesarereferredtoasassetsandcreditorsequi

15、tiesarereferredtoasliabilities.,Equities:creditorsequityandownersequity,Currentassets:cash,accountsreceivable,inventories,Fixedassets:land,buildings,andequipmentIntangibleassets:patent,trademarkandbrandname,copyright,franchise,Currentliabilities(流動(dòng)負(fù)債）:accountspayable應(yīng)付賬款,salariespayable應(yīng)付薪金,taxespay

16、able應(yīng)付稅金,Long-termliabilities長(zhǎng)期負(fù)債:bondspayable應(yīng)付債,CLASSROOMEXERCISES,Indicatebelowwhethereachaccountisanassets(A),liabilities(L),orapartofownersequity(OE).Cash（）SalariesPayable（）AccountsReceivable（）Johnson,CapitalLand（）AccountsPayable（）Supplies（）Land（）Supplies（）,OE,A,A,A,A,L,L,A,OE,A,A,A,A,L,L,A,Cla

17、ssroomexercises:1.Identifythefollowingtransactionsbytypeofownersequitytransactionbymarkingeachaseitheranownersinvestment(I),ownerswithdrawal(W),revenue(R),expense(E)ornotanownersequitytransaction(NOE).a.Receivedcashforprovidingaservice.(),b.Tookassetsoutofbusinessfromapersonalaccount.(),C.Receivedca

18、shfromacustomerpreviouslybilledforaservice.()d.Transferredassetstothebusinessfromapersonalaccount.(),e.Paidservicestationforgasoline.f.Performedaserviceandreceivedapromiseofpayment.g.Paidcashtopurchaseequipment.h.Paidcashtoemployeeforservicesperformed.,Part2ILLUSTRATIVETRANSACTIONS,Transactions1.Joh

19、nbeginshisbusinessbydepositing$50,000inabankaccountinthenameofShannonRealty.(investment)Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity1$50,000$50,000Bal.$50,000$50,000,2.Johnpurchasesalotfor$10,000andasmallbuildingonthelotfor$25,000withcash.(purchaseofassetswithcash)Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity$50,000$50,0002.+

20、10,000(land)+25,000(building)-35,000(cash)Bal.$50,000$50,000,3.Johnbuyssomeofficesuppliesfor$500oncredit.(Purchaseofassetsbyincurringaliability)Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity$50,000$50,0003.+$500(supplies)+$500(accountspayable)Bal.$50,500$500$50,000,4.Johnpays$200ofthe$500owedforthesupplies.(paymen

21、tofaliabilities)Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity$50,500$500$50,000-$200(cash)-$200(accountspayable)Bal.$50,300$300$50,000,5.ShannonRealtysellsahouseandreceivesacommissionincashof$1,500.Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity$50,300$300$50,0005.+$1,500(cash)+$1,500(revenue)Bal.$51,800$300$51,500,6.Johnsellsah

22、ousecallingforacommissionof$2,000,butJohnagreestowaitforthepayment.(revenueoncredit)Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity$51,800$300$51,500$2,000(accountsreceivable)$2,000(revenue)Bal.53,800$300$53,500,7.AfewdayslaterShannonreceives$1,000fromtheclient.Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity$53,800$300$53,5007.+$1

23、,000(cash)-$1,000(accountsreceivable)bal.$53,800$300$53,500,8.JohnShannonpays$1,000torentsomeequipmentfortheoffice.Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity$53,800$300$53,5008.-$1,000(cash)-$1,000(expense)bal.$52,800$300$52,500,9.Johnpays$400inwagestoapart-timehelper.(expense)Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity$5

24、2,800$300$52,5009.-$400(cash)-$400(expense)Bal.$52,400$300$52,100,10.Johnhasntpaidthebillofutilityexpenseof$300.Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity$52,400$300$52,100+$300(accountspayable)-$300(expense)Bal.$52,400$600$51,800,11.Johnwithdraws$600incashfromShannonRealtyanddepositsitinhispersonalaccount.Ass

25、ets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity$52,400$600$51,80011.-$600(cash)-$600(capital)Ba.$51,800$600$51,200,Classroomexercises,CharleneRudekfinishedlawschoolinJuneandimmediatelysetupherownlawpractice.Duringthefirstmonthofoperationshecompletedthefollowingtransactions:1.Beganthelawpracticebyplacing$2,000inabankac

26、countestablishedforthebusiness.2.Purchasedalawlibraryfor$900cash.3.Purchasedofficesuppliesfor$400oncredit.,4.Accepted$500incashforcompletingacontract.5.Billedclients$1,950forservicesrenderedduringthemonth.6.Paid$200oftheamountowedforofficesupplies.7.Received$1,250incashfromoneclientwhohadbeenpreviou

27、slybilledforservicesrendered.8.Paidrentexpenseforthemonthintheamountof$1,200.9.Withdrew$400fromthepracticeforpersonaluse.,Onasheetofpaper,listthenumbers1through10,withcolumnsforAssets,Liabilities,andOwnersEquity.Inthecolumns,indicatewhethereachtransactioncausedanincrease(+),adecrease(-),ornochange(N

28、C)inassets,liabilities,andownersequity.,DuringthemonthofApril,GrissomCo.hadthefollowingtransactions:1.PaidsalariesforApril,$1,800.2.Purchasedequipmentoncredit,$3000.3.Purchasedsupplieswithcash,$100.4.Additionalinvestmentbyowner,$4,000.,5.Paidforpartofequipmentpreviouslypurchasedoncredit,$1,000.6.Rec

29、eivedpaymentforservicesperformed,$600.7.Billedcustomersforservicesperformed,$1,600.8.Withdrewcash,$1,500.,9.Receivedpaymentfromcustomersbilledpreviously,$300.10.Receivedutilitybill,$70.,Part3ProfessionalEthicsandAccountingProfession,ProfessionalEthicsandtheAccountingProfession,Revisions:1.Accounting

30、equation2.Useaccountingequationtoanalyzethetransactions.,AccountingProfession,EthicsManagementAccountingPublicAccountingGovernmentandotherNot-for-ProfitAccountingAccountingEducation,EthicsEthicsistheapplicationofacodeofconducttoeverydaylife.Itaddressesthequestionofwhetheractionsaregoodorbad,rightorw

31、rong.Ethicsactionsaretheresultsofindividualdecisionsandyouarefacedwithmanyethicalsituationseveryday.,ManagementAccountinganaccountantwhoisemployedbyabusinessissaidtobeinmanagementaccounting.Asmallbusinessmayhaveonlyonepersondoingthiswork,thoughamedium-sizeorlargecompanymayhavehundredsofaccountantswo

32、rkingunderachiefaccountingofficercalledacontroller,treasurer,orfinancialvicepresident.,PublicAccountingthefieldofpublicaccountingoffersservicesinauditing,taxes,andmanagementconsultingtothepublicforafee.,GovernmentandOtherNot-for-ProfitAccountingAgenciesanddepartmentsatalllevelsofgovernmenthireaccoun

33、tantstopreparereportsthatofficialscanresponsiblycarryouttheirduties.Not-for-Profitorganizationsarehospitals,colleges,universities,andfoundations.,AccountingEducationTrainingnewaccountantsisachallengingandrewardingcareer,andtodayinstructorsofaccountingareingreatdemand.inmanyschoolsholdingtheCPA,CMA,o

34、rCIAcertificatewillhelpandinstructortoadvanceprofessionally.,Part4Accounts,Revisions,1.Professionalethics2.Theclassificationoftheaccountingprofession,Accounts,Assets:CashNotesReceivableAccountsReceivablePrepaidExpensesLandBuildingsEquipment,Cash,Cashisthetitleoftheaccountusedtorecordincreasesanddecr

35、easesincash.Cashconsistsofmoneyoranymediumofexchangethatabankwillacceptatfacevaluefordeposit.Cash:coins,currency,checks,postalandexpressmoneyorders,moneydepositedinabankorbanks,cashonhand.,NotesReceivable,Apromissorynoteisawrittenpromisetopayadefinitesumofmoneyatafixedfuturedate.Accountsduefromother

36、sintheformofpromissorynotesarerecordedinanaccountcalledNotesReceivable.,AccountsReceivable,AccountsReceivableisincurredbyCreditSales,orSalesonAccount.CreditsalesincreaseAccountsReceivable.,PrepaidExpenses,PrepaidInsuranceOfficeSuppliesPrepaidRentStoreSuppliesPrepaidTaxes,Land,Landaccountisusedtoreco

37、rdpurchasesofpropertytobeusedintheordinaryoperationsofthebusiness.,Buildings,PurchaseofstructurestobeusedinthebusinessarerecordedinanaccountcalledBuildings.Althoughabuildingcannotbeseparatedfromthelanditoccupies,itisimportanttomaintainseparateaccountsforthelandandthebuildings.,Equipment,OfficeEquipm

38、ent:desks,chairs,officemachines,filingcabinets,andtypewriters.StoreEquipment:cashregisterscounters,showcases,shelves,andsimilaritems.MachineryandEquipment:lathes,drillpressesandotherequipment.TrucksandAutomobiles.,Part6LiabilityandOwnersEquity,李海紅,Revisions,Assets:CashNotesReceivableAccountsReceivab

39、lePrepaidExpensesLandBuildingsEquipment,Liability,NotesPayableAccountsPayableOtherShort-TermLiabilitiesLong-termLiabilities,OwnersEquity,CapitalAccountWithdrawalsAccountRevenuesandExpense,NotesPayable,NotesPayableistheoppositeofNotesReceivable.Itisusedtorecordincreasesanddecreasesinpromissorynoteamo

40、untsowedtocreditorswithinthenextyearoroperatingcycle.,AccountsPayable,AccountsPayableistheoppositeofAccountsReceivable.ItcomesfromCreditPurchase.,OtherShort-TermLiability,WagesPayableTaxesPayableRentPayableInterestPayableUnearnedFeesCustomerDepositUnearnedRevenue,CapitalAccount,Whensomeoneinvestsinh

41、isorherowncompany,theamountoftheinvestmentisrecordedinacapitalaccount.,WithdrawalAccount,Apersonwhoinvestsinabusinessusuallyexpectstoearnanincomeantouseatleastpartoftheassetsearnedfromprofitableoperationstopaypersonallivingexpenses.,RevenueandExpenseAccounts,Revenuesincreaseownersequity,andexpensesd

42、ecreaseownersequity:CommissionsEarnedAdvertisingFeesEarnedWagesExpenseSuppliesExpenseRentExpenseAdvertisingExpense,T-AccountandDouble-EntrySystem,李海紅,Revisions,AssetsaccountsLiabilitiesaccountsOwnersEquityaccounts,TaccountandDouble-EntrySystem,Evolutionofthedouble-entrysystemTheT-account,遼寧對(duì)外經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院精品課

43、（高職課）會(huì)計(jì)英語(yǔ)主講人：李海紅講師,DebitCreditforforDecreaseIncrease,Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity,DebitCreditforforDecreaseIncrease,DebitCreditforforIncreaseDecrease,?,Theaccountingequation?,ThebasicrulesofT-account?,Assets=Liabilities+OwnersEquity,JOURNALSandJOURNALIZING,Journals:generaljournal;special-purposej

44、ournalJournalizing:theprocessofrecordingtransactionsinajournal.H,Examples,ThefollowingtransactionsfortheJoanMillerAdvertisingAgencyhappenedinJanuary:January1.JoanMillerinvested$10,000tostartherownadvertisingagency.January2.Rentedanoffice,payingtwomonthsrent,$800.,January5.Purchasedofficeequipmentfro

45、mMorganEquipmentfor$3,000,paying$1,500incashandagreeingtopaytherestnextmonth.January6.Purchasedoncreditartsuppliesfor$1,800andofficesuppliesfor$800fromTaylorSupplyCompany.January19.PerformedaservicebyplacingseveralmajoradvertisementforWardDepartmentStores.Thefeeof$2,800isbillednowbutwillbecollectedn

46、extmonth.S,Recordthefollowingtransactionsinthegeneraljournal.January8.Paid$480foraone-yearinsurancepolicywithcoverageeffectiveJanuary1.January9.PaidTaylorSupplyCompany$1,000oftheamountowed.January10.Performedaservicebyplacingadvertisementsforanautomobiledealerinthenewspaperandcollectedafeeof$1,400.,

47、Homework,January12.Paidthesecretarytwoweekswages,$600.January15.Accepted$1,000asanadvancefeeforartworktobedoneforanotheragency.January25.JoanMillerwithdrew$1,400fromthebusinessforpersonallivingexpenses.,January26.Paidthesecretarytwomoreweekswages,$600.January29.Receivedandpaidtheutilitybillof$100.Ja

48、nuary30.Received(butdidnotpay)atelephonebill,$70.,GeneralJournal,111,311,2005,Jan.,1,Cash,$10,000,$10,000,JoanMiller,Capital,Investmentinbusiness,2005,Jan.,2,PrepaidRent,Cash,Paidtheofficerentinadvance,117,111,$800,$800,2005,Jan.,19,AccountsReceivable,AdvertisementFeesEarned,Revenueearned,tobecollec

49、tedlater,113,411,$4,200,$4,200,2005,Jan.,5,OfficeEquipment,Cash,AccountsPayable,Partialpaymentofofficeequipment,146,111,212,$3000,$1,500,$1,500,2005,Jan.,6,ArtSupplies,OfficeSupplies,AccountsPayable,Purchaseofsuppliesoncredit,115,116,212,$1,800,$800,$2,600,Year,Month,Day,Thenameoftheaccountsdebiteda

50、ndcredited,Abriefexplanationofthetransactions,Debitamount,Creditamount,Revisions,1.Posting2.Ledgers,TheTrialBalance,Theequalityofdebitandcreditbalancesintheledgershouldbetestedperiodicallybypreparingatrialbalance.Thestepsinpreparingatrialbalancefollow:,1.Determinethebalanceofeachaccountintheledger.2

51、.Listeachledgeraccountthathasabalance,withthedebitbalancesintheleftcolumnandthecreditbalancesintherightcolumn.Accountsarelistedintheordertheyappearintheledger.3.Addeachcolumn.4.Comparethetotalsofeachcolumn.,JoanMillerAdvertisingAgencyTrialBalanceJanuary31,2005,TheMeasurementofBusinessIncome,NetIncom

52、eNetincomeisthenetincreaseinownersequityresultingfromtheoperationsofthecompany.Netincome,initssimplestform,ismeasuredbythedifferencebetweenrevenuesandexpenses:Netincome=revenues-expenses,Revenues:inthesimplestcase,theyequalthepriceofgoodssoldandservicesrenderedduringperiodoftime.Expenses:expensesare

53、thecostsofthegoodsandservicesusedupinthecourseofgainingrevenues.Oftencalledthecostofdoingbusiness,expensesincludethecostsofgoodssold,thecostsofactivitiesnecessarytocarryonthebusiness.,TheAdjustment,1.Apportioningrecordedexpensesbetweentwoormoreaccountingperiods.(deferrals)PrepaidRentPrepaidInsurance

54、ArtSuppliesandOfficeSuppliesDepreciationofPlantandEquipment,2.Apportioningrecordedrevenuesbetweentwoormoreaccountingperiods:Unearnedartfees,PrepaidRent,RentExpense400PrepaidRent400,PrepaidInsurance,InsuranceExpense40PrepaidInsurance40,ArtSuppliesandOfficeSupplies,ArtSuppliesExpense500ArtSupplies500OfficeSu