1、Part2 考點(diǎn)10,Part2 語法專題,考點(diǎn)10 狀語從句,對狀語從句的考查在湖南高考中主要出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)填空部分。 1.主要考查的知識點(diǎn)： (1)狀語從句連接詞的選用 (2)狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài) 復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)： (1)9大類狀語從句的連接詞的使用 (2)狀語從句與主句的時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系 2.如何應(yīng)對狀語從句的考查 (1)對連接詞的考查：解題時(shí)，首先認(rèn)真分析題干句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，比較每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的連接詞的意義及用法區(qū)別，再判斷該選用哪一個(gè)。,(2010湖南)Tim is in good shape physically _ he doesnt get much exercise. A. if B. eve

2、n though C. unless D. as long as 思路點(diǎn)撥：分析題干句可知空格處應(yīng)為從句he doesnt get much exercise的連接詞，比較從句和主句的關(guān)系可知前后是讓步轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，再根據(jù)句意：“盡管Tim不經(jīng)常鍛煉，但他身材很好?！笨膳袛噙xB項(xiàng)。,(2)對從句時(shí)態(tài)的考查：解題時(shí)，要分析主句的時(shí)態(tài)，判斷主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)之間的關(guān)系，從而確定從句的時(shí)態(tài)。 (2010重慶)The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _ on the market in 1973. A. had come B.

3、has come C. came D. comes 思路點(diǎn)撥：主句的時(shí)態(tài)為完成時(shí)，since引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)態(tài)通常為一般過去時(shí)，故答案選C。,顧名思義，狀語從句在句子中充當(dāng)狀語，表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式、目的、比較、原因、結(jié)果等。狀語從句是歷年高考題的重點(diǎn)，主要考查學(xué)生對連詞的應(yīng)用及句子間的邏輯關(guān)系的掌握情況。常見的狀語從句有下列9大類。,熟 讀 深 思,1. 時(shí)間狀語從句 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空 (1) I was doing some cooking when the doorbell rang. (2) While walking across the car, the boy w

4、as knocked over by a running car. (3) As time goes by, we grow up. (4) I had felt hungry before I arrived home. (5) It has been four years since I came to Shanghai.,熟 讀 深 思,(6) I slept until the clock alarmed. (7) I didnt sleep until my father came back. (8) She gave a ring to her parents immediate

5、she landed in Japan. 改錯(cuò)(immediateimmediately) (9) No sooner had we had supper when we began to repair the machine. 改錯(cuò)(whenthan) (10) At every time I see the film, I cant help recalling my childhood in the countryside. 改錯(cuò)(At every timeEvery time),歸 納 總 結(jié),時(shí)間狀語從句常用連詞有：when/while/as; before/ after; sinc

6、e; until; as soon as/ instantly/ immediately /the moment / the minute / the second; no soonerthan/ hardly when; the first time / every time / each time / next time 規(guī)則1: when 通常意思為：當(dāng)時(shí)候； 正在那時(shí)，如：(1)。 規(guī)則2: while從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，意思為：在期間，如：(2)。 規(guī)則3: as 表示主句和從句的動(dòng)作幾乎同步進(jìn)行。意思為：一邊，一邊； 隨著，如：(3)。,歸 納 總 結(jié),規(guī)則4: before 意思為

7、：在之前；還沒來得及；才，如：(4)。 規(guī)則5: since “自從以來”；是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，如：(5)。 規(guī)則6: until在肯定句中，表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)“到為止”，如：(6)。在否定句中，常與not連用，表示動(dòng)作“直到才”，如：(7)。,1.主句為否定式終止性謂語動(dòng)詞。常見的動(dòng)詞是open, start, leave, arrive, finish, stop (1)The noise of the street didnt stop until/before it was midnight. 2.主句為肯定式、延續(xù)性謂語詞，這類動(dòng)詞用stand, stay, talk, be, wait

8、(1)He lived with his parents until/before he graduated from school.,1主句為肯定式，謂語為終止性動(dòng)詞時(shí)只用before. 1) He fell asleep before I could take off his clothes. 2主句謂語動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的遲緩性，只用before，這時(shí)常伴有時(shí)間段狀語或時(shí)間段暗示。 It was quite a long time before he found the elephant.過了很長時(shí)間，他才找到大象。,3如果強(qiáng)調(diào)從句謂語動(dòng)作未發(fā)生就發(fā)生主句謂語動(dòng)作，只用before，這時(shí)常譯為

9、“未及（不等）就” 1)We can leave early in the morning before it gets too hot.趁天還不太熱，我們上午早點(diǎn)離開。,1.before只是陳述以前的事實(shí)，用until則著重后來的變化情況： This book was so interesting that he read it for three hours until he realized it. He often forgets what he has heard only a few minutes before. 2.until引出的分句內(nèi)容是真實(shí)的，而before引出的分句的內(nèi)

10、容可能是真實(shí)的，也可以是非真實(shí)的： Lets wait until the rain stops.,歸 納 總 結(jié),規(guī)則7: as soon as/immediately/instantly/directly/the moment/the minute/the second/the instant意為“一就”，如：(8)。 規(guī)則8: no soonerthan/ hardlywhen“剛就”。注意：此句型常將否定詞置于句首，主句為部分倒裝，主句時(shí)態(tài)用had done；從句用did，如：(9)。 規(guī)則9: every time 每當(dāng)，每次；the first time 第一次時(shí)候，next ti

11、me 下次時(shí)，如：(10)。,熟 讀 深 思,2. 條件狀語從句 完成句子 (1)They will_play_basketball after school if they finish their work. 如果他們完成了作業(yè)，放學(xué)后就打籃球。 (2)I will_not_attend the meeting unless I am invited. 我不會(huì)去參加會(huì)議，除非得到邀請。,條件狀語從句常用連詞有：if/ unless / once / as long as /so long as / on condition that/ provided / providing that/s

12、uppose / supposing that/say that / lets say that等。 規(guī)則1：條件狀語從句中，若主句用將來時(shí)，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，如：(1)。 規(guī)則2：unless if not, 意思是“如果不/沒有”，如：(2)。,歸 納 總 結(jié),熟 讀 深 思,3. 原因狀語從句 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空 (1) Its because he likes dancing that he says dancing is very easy. (2) The day has broken, for the birds are singing now. (3) Since you ca

13、nt answer the question, Ill ask someone else. (4) As its dark, wed better go off work now. (5) Now_that you feel sick, you can have a rest in bed. (6) Why do you want to find a new job when you have a good job already? (7) His request is unreasonable in that he knows we cant afford it.,歸 納 總 結(jié),原因狀語從

14、句的常見連詞：because, for, since, as, now that, when等。 規(guī)則1：because 表示直接的、必然的原因，不能與so連用。常用來回答why所提的問題。在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，若強(qiáng)調(diào)原因，只能用because，即It is because that，如：(1)；而for表示推理性的補(bǔ)充說明的原因，不能放在句首，如：(2)。 規(guī)則2：since 表示眾所周知的原因，“既然”，常放在句首，如：(3)。,歸 納 總 結(jié),規(guī)則3：as 表示客觀原因，“由于”，常放在句首，如：(4)。 規(guī)則4：now that 通常表示用新出現(xiàn)的情況作為原因，“既然”，如：(5)。 規(guī)則5：

15、when意為“既然”(有輕微的責(zé)備口吻)，如：(6)。 規(guī)則6：in that從句，意為“原因是；因?yàn)椤?，如?7)。,熟 讀 深 思,4. 結(jié)果狀語從句 完成句子 The house is so_expensive_that(如此昂貴) I cant afford it. (2) This is so_interesting_a_book(如此有趣的一本書) that we all want to read it. (3) There are so_many_new_words(如此多的生詞) in the passage that I cant understand it. (4) He

16、is such_a_clever_boy (如此聰明的男孩)that we all like him.,歸 納 總 結(jié),規(guī)則：結(jié)果狀語從句常見連詞：sothat/suchthat 意為“如此以至于”。主要有下面的幾個(gè)句型： so adj./ adv. that如：(1)。 so adj.a/an n. that如：(2)。 so many/few/much/littlen.(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞)that如：(3)。 such a/an adj. n. that如：(4)。 such adj.n.(不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))that,熟 讀 深 思,5. 目的狀語從句 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空 (

17、1)We got up early in_order_that(為了) we could catch the first bus. (2)We got up early for_fear_that/lest/in_case_that (以免)we should miss the first bus.,歸 納 總 結(jié),目的狀語從句常見的連詞有：(1) in order that / so that 意為“為了”；(2) in case that / for fear that/ lest 意為“以免；以防”等。 規(guī)則1：so that/ in order that 從句 (從句用can / co

18、uld / may / might 動(dòng)詞原形)，如：(1)。 規(guī)則2：for fear that/in case that 從句，意為“以防，萬一”，從句可以用虛擬語氣，即“should 動(dòng)詞原形”，如：(2)。,熟 讀 深 思,6. 地點(diǎn)狀語從句 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空 (1) Make a mark where you have problems. (2) I will find him wherever he may be.,歸 納 總 結(jié),地點(diǎn)狀語從句常見的連詞有： 1. where 在地方，如：(1)。 2. wherever 無論在地方，如：(2)。,熟 讀 深 思,7. 讓步狀語從句

19、用適當(dāng)?shù)淖尣綘钫Z從句連詞填空 (1) Although he is rich, he never wastes a coin. (2) Rich man as he is, he works hard. (3) Hard as he worked, he failed. (4) Try as he might, Tom could not get out of the difficulty. (5) Even_if it snows tomorrow, we shall still go on business. (6) No_matter_who (Whoever) breaks the r

20、ule, he will be punished. (7) Whether you go or not tomorrow, we will go outing.,歸 納 總 結(jié),規(guī)則1：although / though / while 意為“雖然；盡管”，如：(1)。 規(guī)則2：表語(形容詞/名詞) as/though 主語 系動(dòng)詞主句，句首名詞前不加任何冠詞，如：(2)。副詞 as/though主語謂語動(dòng)詞主句，如：(3)。動(dòng)詞原形 as/though 主語 might/may 主句，如：(4)。,歸 納 總 結(jié),規(guī)則3：even if / even though意為“即使，縱然”。even

21、 if側(cè)重于假設(shè)；even though側(cè)重于事實(shí)，如：(5)。 規(guī)則4：No matter how / what / where / who ； 特殊疑問詞ever 意為“無論怎么/ 什么/ 哪里/ 誰”，如：(6)。 規(guī)則5：whetheror“無論是否”，如：(7)。,熟 讀 深 思,8. 方式狀語從句 (1)The lights were on as though everyone had left in a hurry. (2)Do the experiment as I told you just now.,歸 納 總 結(jié),規(guī)則1：“as if/ as though 從句”表示與客觀事實(shí)不符的情況時(shí)，從句用虛擬語氣，即