1、賓 語 從 句 the object clause,什么是主語？,句子說明的人或事物。主語一般位于_ 。 1. lucy likes her new bike. 2.we work hard. 3.to learn a foreign language is not easy. 4.playing football after school is great fun.,句首,什么是謂語？,說明主語做什么或怎么樣。通常由 _ 充當(dāng). 常分為實義動詞,連系動詞,情態(tài)動詞和助動詞. 1. we love china. 2. she seems tired. 3. he can speak engli

2、sh 4. we have finished reading this book.,動詞,謂語,（v.）,實義動詞: 及物 v. 不及物 v. 連系動詞 情態(tài)動詞 助動詞,什么是賓語？,動作行為的對象，說明主語做什么。一般放在_或_后面. 1.we study english. 2.our teacher said that he would go there. 3.he is looking at the dog.,及物動詞,介詞,i know him . 2. i know who he is .,主語,謂語,賓語,（簡單句）,主語,謂語,賓 語 從 句,引導(dǎo)詞,從句主語,從句謂語,主 句

3、,（復(fù)合句）,賓 語 從 句 the object clause,賓語從句的概念： 賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語。,句子結(jié)構(gòu)： 主句 + 引導(dǎo)詞 + 賓語從句,引導(dǎo)詞,陳述句(主+v/主+adj.):,特殊疑問句:,一般疑問句:,先_后_,(that),特殊疑問詞如 what/ where/ when/ who/how much/ how many.,if/whether,主,謂,語序,時態(tài),賓語從句三要素,主句為現(xiàn)在時，從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)_而定。 主句為過去時，從句的時態(tài)用_時態(tài)。,實際情況,相應(yīng)的過去,一、從屬連詞（引導(dǎo)詞） 1. that： 當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞

4、由that引導(dǎo)，因為that不作任何成分，無任何具體意思，因此常省略。,i think (that) its very funny. she hopes (that) they will have a good time.,形容詞賓語從句： 結(jié)構(gòu)：be + 形容詞 +（that）從句 sorry, sure, afraid, glad, happy, certain,im afraid (that) i cant help you . were glad (that) you can join us .,2. if / whether 當(dāng)賓語從句是一般疑問句時，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)（

5、口語中常用if），因為if/whether翻譯成：“是否”，具有一定的意義，所以不能省略。,i wonder if you can go with me. i didnt know whether i could go home.,if 與 whether 的區(qū)別,1. i dont know _ he will come or not. 2. i dont care of _ he is handsome. 3. he wondered _ to stay here the next week. 4. _ he will come is not decided.,whether,whethe

6、r,whether,whether,有or not，只用whether,前有介詞，只用whether,后接to do 不定式，只用whether,做主語，只用whether,exercise,_ hell come isnt important. a. why b. if c. whether d. what would you like to know _ they will do it or not. a. if b. that c. whether d. why i dont know _ he still lives here. a. where b. what c. when d.

7、whether,二、特殊疑問詞 當(dāng)賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，由連接代詞（what, who, whom, which, whose）或連接副詞（when, where, how, why）引導(dǎo)，所以不可以省略,henry knows what he should do. i dont remember when we arrived . i asked him where i could take the bus. please tell me who (whom) we have to see .,帶how的詞組也都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句,could you tell us how often yo

8、u go abroad for a holiday ?,could you tell us how long the meeting will last ?,please tell us how many students there are in your school ?,can you tell us how old his brother is ?,could you tell us how much the coat is ?,exercise,can you tell me _ you were born, betty? a. who b. what c. when d. that

9、 he asked me _ told me the accident. a. whom b. which c. who d. whose,賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞,exercise,i think _ you will like him. a. that b. if c. why d. how i didnt know _ he will come or not. a. that b. whether c. weather d. how the weather forecast doesnt say _. a. if it rains tomorrow b. if does it rain tomo

10、rrow c. if it will rain tomorrow d. if will it rain tomorrow,引導(dǎo)詞,陳述句(主+v/主+adj.):,特殊疑問句:,一般疑問句:,_前_后,(that),特殊疑問詞如 what/ where/ when/ who/how much/ how many.,if/whether,主,謂,語序,時態(tài),賓語從句三要素,賓語從句用陳述語序,三、語序 賓語從句的語序用陳述語序： 連接詞 +主語 + 謂語 + 其他成分,1. when will he go to the library? his brother asks when he will

11、 go to the library . his brother asks when will he go to the library .,2. what does he want to buy ? i dont know what he wants to buy . i dont know what does he want to buy .,3. who are we going to meet ? can you tell me who we are going to meet ? can you tell me who are we going to meet ?,did the s

12、tudents have a picnic last sunday ? do you know ?,do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last sunday ?,exercise,引導(dǎo)詞,陳述句(主+v/主+adj.):,特殊疑問句:,一般疑問句:,先_后_,(that),特殊疑問詞如 what/ where/ when/ who/how much/ how many.,if/whether,主,謂,語序,時態(tài),賓語從句三要素,主句為現(xiàn)在時，從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)_而定。 主句為過去時，從句的時態(tài)用_時態(tài)。,實際情況,相應(yīng)的過去,陳述語序

13、,三、時態(tài) 1. 主句:現(xiàn)在的時態(tài) （包括 一般現(xiàn)在時,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，現(xiàn)在完成時） 從句:時態(tài)可根據(jù)實際情況而定 （包括 一般現(xiàn)在時,一般過去時,一般將來時, 現(xiàn)在完成時等）,i know he lives here . i know he lived here ten years ago . i have heard that he will come tomorrow.,2. 主句: 過去的時態(tài) （包括一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時） 從句: 相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài) （包括一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去將來時， 過去完成時）,i knew who lived here. i saw she was t

14、alking with her mother. he asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. he said that he had seen it .,3.客觀真理，定義，公理，定理時 從句: 一般現(xiàn)在時,the teacher said that the sun travels around the earth .,exercise,she told me the sun _ in the east. a. rise b. rose c. rises d. had risen the doctor asked me how lo

15、ng _ . a. was i ill b. have i been ill c. i have been ill d. i had been ill pleasetellme_lastyear. a.wheredoesyoursisterwork b.wheredidyoursisterwork c.whereyoursisterworks d.whereyoursisterworked,1. could you tell me if they _ (work) in the factory so far . 2. did your parents tell you that the sun _ (rise) in east ? 3. - what _ he _ (say) just now ? i _ (not can hear) him . - he _ (say) that he _ (plant) trees with his parents yesterday . 4. can you tell me when _ (leave) tomorrow?,have worked,rises,did,say,couldnt hear,said,planted,to leave,5. did he say that their paren