1、section learning about language,一,二,三,一、用括號內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.when i passed his room,i heard him (sing)with his friends. 2.the doctor advised me (take) a complete rest. 3.i have enjoyed (be)able to talk with you. 4.each of us cant stand (work)with jane,a girl who is particular about everything. 5.he doesn

2、t allow us (go)to see a film on sundays.,singing,to take,being,working,to go,一,二,三,二、找出下列句子中的主語 1.imitating role models is like using training wheels on a childs bicycle. 2.driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance. 3.does going to college really pay off? 4.teaching

3、was a profession i had never seriously considered,. 5.aiming for customer delight is all very well,but.,imitating role models,driving a car,going to college,teaching,aiming for customer delight,一,二,三,三、找出下列句子中的賓語 1.its hard to imagine driving without garrett a.morgans traffic light. 2.it was the bes

4、t way of gaining public notice. 3.i can put up with the house being untidy,but. 4.when i began planning to move to auckland to study,my mother was worried. 5.i used to hate being called upon in class mainly because i.,driving without garrett a.morgans traffic light,gaining public notice,the house be

5、ing untidy,planning to move to auckland to study,being called upon in class,1,2,3,1.it is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students. 把這件事再解釋一遍很重要,否則我們會使學(xué)生們感到迷惑。 剖析:該句中的it是形式主語,動詞不定式短語to explain this again是真正的主語。 考點confuse vt.使迷惑;使為難 his explanation doesnt make us understand,but

6、 confuses us. 他的解釋沒能讓我們明白,卻讓我們迷惑。 what he requested of me confused me most. 他向我要求的事讓我很為難。,1,2,3,1)閱讀下列句子,體會confuse的搭配及意義 you confused australia with austria. 你把澳大利亞和奧地利搞混了。 搭配:confuse a with b意義:把a與b混淆 many people are confused about the new ways of measuring temperature. 許多人都搞不清測定溫度的新方法。 搭配:be confu

7、sed about意義:對感到困惑,1,2,3,2)閱讀下列句子,體會黑體詞的詞性及含義 there was some confusion as to whether we had won or lost. 不清楚我們究竟是贏了還是輸了。 詞性:名詞含義:不清楚,不確定 3)辨析confusing與confused: confusing指“(事物)令人困惑的或為難的”;confused指“(人感到)不知所措的;困惑的”。如: the instructions are so confusing that i am completely confused. 用法說明太令人費解了,我完全糊涂了。,1

8、,2,3,用confuse的適當(dāng)形式填空 1)her account of her strange experience made all of us . 2)the student got when they saw the answer given by the teacher. 3)there is still about the number of the injured.,confusing,confused,confused,confusing,confusion,單句改錯 4)there was a confusing look on his face when he heard

9、 the result.,confusingconfused,1,2,3,2.regret vt. 遺憾;惋惜n. 遺憾;懊悔 考點regret既可做動詞,也可做名詞。如: i regret to tell you that you have been fired. 我遺憾地告訴你你被解雇了。 i regret not having worked harder. 我后悔沒有更努力地工作。 she didnt regret her decision. 她不后悔自己的決定。 if you go now,youll regret it. 假若你現(xiàn)在走,你一定會后悔。,1,2,3,i bitterly

10、 regret that we have not been able to do better. 我們沒能做得更好一些,對此我深感遺憾。 she had few regrets in leaving the house. 離開這座房子,她并無太多遺憾。 歸納:regret to do sth的含義是“遺憾地做某事”,其中do的形式多為say,tell和inform等;regret doing sth的含義是“后悔做過某事”;regret可接名詞或代詞做賓語,也可接that從句。regret 做名詞時,常做可數(shù)名詞,指“遺憾的事情”。,1,2,3,1)regret的現(xiàn)在分詞、過去式和過去分詞分別

11、為:regretting,regretted,regretted。 2)much/greatly to ones regret= to ones great regret令某人非常遺憾的是/令某人非常后悔的是。如: much to my regret,i didnt make full use of the time. 令我非常后悔的是,我沒有充分利用那段時間。,1,2,3,3)with regret 遺憾地;后悔地 4)閱讀下列句子,體會黑體詞的詞性及含義 he gave a regretful smile at the final result. 對于最后的結(jié)果,他遺憾地笑了笑。 詞性:形

12、容詞含義:(感到)遺憾的 i regretfully announce that only one of you will be accepted. 我遺憾地宣布只能接受你們中的一個人。 詞性:副詞含義:遺憾地 this is a regrettable ending. 這是個令人遺憾的結(jié)局。 詞性:形容詞含義:令人遺憾的,1,2,3,語法填空 1)i regret (tell) you that tom failed to pass the driving test and that he really regretted (not follow) your advice on practi

13、sing more. 2)the manager told me great regret that he couldnt offer me the job.,to tell,not following,with,1,2,3,單句改錯 3)the old man burst into tears at his sons death.i regretted have told him the bad news. 4)to my much regret,i didnt go there to help them in time. 5)i regret to saying that you cant

14、 see mr.wang now. 英譯漢 6)he who will not learn when he is young will regret it when he is old.,havehaving,muchgreat,sayingsay,少壯不努力,老大徒傷悲。,1,2,3,3.grammar:動詞-ing形式做主語和賓語 考點一 動詞-ing形式的基本用法 動詞-ing形式具有名詞性質(zhì),可在句中做主語、賓語、表語、定語、賓語補足語和狀語,但不能單獨做謂語。 考點二 動詞-ing形式做主語的用法 1)動詞-ing做主語時,往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作,在口語中也可以表示具體的動作。

15、如: painting is his hobby.繪畫是他的愛好。,1,2,3,2)動詞-ing形式做主語和不定式做主語一樣,也可以用it做形式主語。但不定式做主語往往表示具體的、特別是將來的動作。如: it is no use talking without doing. 光說不做沒有用。 it is necessary for us to talk about it with him. 我們有必要和他談?wù)摯耸隆?1,2,3,考點三 動詞-ing形式做賓語的用法 1),1,2,3,2)在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟動詞-ing形式做賓語,如果有名詞或代詞做賓語

16、,則構(gòu)成“allow/advise/forbid/permit+名詞/代詞+不定式(賓語補足語)”形式。如: they advise solving the problem in this way. 他們建議用這種方法解決這個問題。 we dont allow anybody to smoke here. 我們不允許任何人在這兒吸煙。 3)動詞need,require,want意為“需要”時,后跟動詞-ing形式的主動式或不定式的被動式做賓語,意義沒有區(qū)別。如: the window needs/requires/wants cleaning. =the window needs/requir

17、es/wants to be cleaned. 窗戶需要擦了。,1,2,3,4)在begin,start,continue,intend,prefer,like,love,hate后用動詞-ing形式和用不定式做賓語均可,意義沒有多大區(qū)別。如: i intended to write/writing a poem in english. 我想用英語寫首詩。 they prefer spending/to spend their holidays in japan. 他們喜歡去日本度假。 5)動詞forget,go on,mean,regret,remember,stop,try,be used

18、 to,cant help后跟動詞-ing形式和跟不定式的意義區(qū)別較大,須注意。 forget,regret,remember后跟動詞-ing形式表示“已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作”;跟不定式表示“將要發(fā)生的動作”。試比較下面幾組例句: i forgot to post the letter. 我忘了寄這封信。(信沒有寄出),1,2,3,i forgot posting the letter. 我忘了這封信已經(jīng)寄出了。(信已經(jīng)寄出,但我忘記了) i regret to tell you that his father died. 我很遺憾地告訴你他的父親死了。 i regret having done su

19、ch a thing. 我后悔做了這樣的事。 go on后跟動詞-ing形式表示“繼續(xù)做原來做的事”;跟不定式表示“接著做另一件事”。如: go on reading lesson three. 繼續(xù)讀第三課。(剛才讀的就是第三課) go on to read lesson three. 接著讀第三課。(剛才也許讀的是第二課或者在干別的事),1,2,3,mean后跟動詞-ing形式表示“意味著要做某事”;跟不定式表示“想要/打算做某事”。如: 12.this news means setting out at once. 這消息意味著馬上動身。 13.i didnt mean to start

20、 an argument. 我并不想展開辯論。 stop后跟動詞-ing形式表示“停止做某事”;跟不定式表示“停下來(別的事)開始做某事”。如: 14.we stopped talking.我們停止了說話。 15.we stopped to talk. 我們停下來開始說話。,1,2,3,try后跟動詞-ing形式表示“試著做某事”;跟不定式表示“努力做某事”。cant help后跟動詞-ing形式表示“禁不住做某事”;跟不定式表示“不能幫助做某事”。be used to后跟動詞-ing形式表示“習(xí)慣于做某事”;跟不定式表示“被用來做某事”。 如: 16.he tried climbing th

21、e big tree.他試著爬那棵大樹。 17.he tried to climb the big tree.他努力要爬上那棵大樹。 18.after hearing the story,we couldnt help laughing. 聽完這個故事,我們?nèi)滩蛔〈笮ζ饋怼?19.im sorry that i cannot help you to finish the task. 很抱歉,我不能幫你完成這個任務(wù)。 20.he has been used to getting up early.他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣早起。 21.wood is used to make paper.木材被用來造紙。,1,

22、2,3,考點四 動詞-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 動詞-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)有四種形式: 形容詞性物主代詞+動詞-ing;名詞s+動詞-ing;代詞賓格+動詞-ing;名詞+動詞-ing。如: his/jacks not getting to the station on time made all of us worried. 他/杰克沒準(zhǔn)時到火車站使得我們都很擔(dān)心。 do you mind my/me/jacks/jack leaving now? 你介意我/杰克現(xiàn)在離開嗎?,1,2,3,考點五 動詞-ing形式的時態(tài) 在時態(tài)上,動詞-ing有一般式(doing)和完成式(having done

23、)兩種形式。當(dāng)動詞-ing表示的動作發(fā)生的時間不明確,或與謂語動作同時發(fā)生,或發(fā)生在謂語動作之后時,用動詞-ing的一般式;當(dāng)動詞-ing表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前時,常用動詞-ing的完成式。如: i enjoy playing football.我喜歡踢足球。 (playing表示的時間概念不明確) hes been used to going to bed late. 他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣晚睡。 (going to bed與has been used to同時發(fā)生),1,2,3,im looking forward to seeing you soon. 我希望不久之后能看見你。 (seeing

24、發(fā)生在am looking forward to之后) im sorry for not having kept my promise. 我對我沒信守諾言而感到抱歉。 (not having kept my promise發(fā)生在am sorry之前),考點六 動詞-ing形式的語態(tài) 在語態(tài)上,動詞-ing有主動式(doing,having done)和被動式(being done,having been done)兩種形式。如: he insisted on sending her to hospital. 他堅持要把她送到醫(yī)院去。 he insisted on being sent to w

25、ork in the countryside. 他堅持要被派到鄉(xiāng)下工作。,1,2,3,單句改錯 1)lydia doesnt feel like to study abroad.her parents are old. 2)they failed to finish the project before the deadline.i regretted being not able to help. 3)this is the best way i can imagine solving the problem.,to studystudying,being notnot being,solv

26、ingto solve,1,2,3,4)the day we are looking forward to coming at last. 5)my boss decided to put off to hold the meeting. 6)his room needs painting,so he must have it painting. 7)after finishing his homework he went on writing a letter to his parents.,comingcomes,to holdholding,第二個paintingpainted,writ

27、ingto write,用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 8)the bird was lucky and it just missed (catch). 9)i always prefer (start) early rather than (leave) everything to the last minute. 10)(walk) is a good form of exercise for both men and women. 11)while shopping women sometimes cant help (persuade) into buying more clothes than necess