1、,6A期末復習 (精華版),不定冠詞(a/an)的用法 I would like to be a policeman. （職業(yè)前加“a”或“an”） There is a beautiful garden behind the house.（翻譯成中文， 有“一”的意思） 3. 習慣用語：have a good/great time, half an hour, tell a lie, make a (shopping) list, have a picnic, have a barbecue, have a healthy diet, have an unhealthy diet, That

2、s a good idea. 等,定冠詞the的用法 I have a cat and a dog. The cat is white and the dog is brown. （再次提到的人和物前） Our classroom is on the third floor. （on + the+序數(shù)詞+floor） I play the piano every day. （樂器前面） 習慣用語: in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, for the first time, Friends of the Earth, the env

3、ironment, at the weekend, the one on the left/right, the one in the middle, in the city, in the countryside, at the entrance等,一般不用冠詞的情況 What do you have for breakfast? （一日三餐前） 2. We play football after school every day. (球類運動前) 固定詞組：by train/motorcycle, on foot, at night, at noon, watch TV, go to sc

4、hool, walk to school, be late for school, at weekends, start work, finish work, in class等。,人稱代詞,主格：用作句子的主語 賓格：用在動詞和介詞后面 所有格：表示“的”,什么,What do you do for Spring Festival?,We have a New Years dinner together.,哪一個,Which would you like?,Id like this yellow one.,疑問代詞,誰,Who is Mr. Wu?,He is our class teach

5、er.,誰的,Whose handbag is this?,Its Kittys.,什么 時候,When is Jons birthday?,It is on 2 April.,幾點鐘,What time is it now?,Its 2:15p.m.,哪里,Where is my pen?,It is in the pencil case.,為什么,Why are you so happy today?,Its my birthday!,怎么樣,How do you travel to school every day?,By bus.,We use How questions to ask

6、 for numbers or amounts.,多少 （可數(shù)）,How many people are there?,多少 (不可數(shù)),How much sugar do we need every day?,Only a little.,多少錢,How much did you spend on the book?,35 yuan.,1. Some和any的用法 （1）some用于肯定句，否定句或疑問句要改為any e.g. There is some milk in the bottle. There isnt any milk in the bottle. Is there any m

7、ilk in the bottle? （2）當疑問句希望得到肯定的回答，可以用some Would you like some? May I have some? Shall we buy some?,不定代詞,2. few, a few, little, a little,(1) We need _ ( a few, a little) fat every day. 重點一：few和a few修飾可數(shù)名詞，little和a little修飾不 可數(shù)名詞 5. Hurry up! We have only _ ( a little, a few, little, few) time ! The

8、re are _ (a little, a few, little, few) spicy sausages in the fridge. Lets go and buy some. 重點四：a little, a few表示“一點點”，肯定含義； little, few表示“幾乎沒有”，否定含義。 固定搭配 only/still a little, only/ still a few,3. onethe other, someothers, others, each other (1) She is always kind to others. others=other people 別人

9、(2) They always help each other. each other 互相 (3) I have two sons. One lives in the USA, the other lives in Australia. one, the other 一個另一個（前提兩個人或物） (4) Some students like cartoons, others like science fiction. some, others 一些, 另一些,1.可數(shù)名詞( Countable Noun)的復數(shù)規(guī)則變化: A.一般情況 加+s e.g. toy-toys month-mont

10、hs coin-coins B.以s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾 加+es e.g. classclasses boxboxes churchchurches brush-brushes dish-dishes C.以f 或fe 結(jié)尾 去f 或 fe改為ves e.g. shelf-shelves knife-knives wolf-wolves,名詞,D.以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的詞 變y 為i ,再加es e.g. city-cities country-countries lady-ladies (比較: day-days boy-boys) 2.可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)不規(guī)則變化 以o結(jié)尾 e.g.

11、potatopotatoes tomato-tomatoes (比較: radio-radios photo-photos piano-pianos kilo-kilos zoo-zoos kangaroo-kangaroos),B.單復同形 e.g. sheep-sheep deer-deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese C.改變元音 e.g. man-men woman-women policeman-policemen postman-postmen businesswoman-businesswomen child-c

12、hildren mouse-mice foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese,可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量表達,one-first two-second three-third four-fourth five-fifth six-sixth seven-seventh eight-eighth nine-ninth ten-tenth eleven-eleventh twelve-twelfth thirteen-thirteenth fourteen-fourteenth fifteen-fifteenth sixteen-sixteenth seventeen-

13、seventeenth eighteen-eighteenth nineteen-nineteenth twenty-twentieth thirty-thirtieth forty-fortieth fifty-fiftieth sixty-sixtieth seventy-seventieth eight-eightieth ninety-ninetieth hundred-hundredth,數(shù)詞,鐘點的表示,在 7:15 在 8:30 在11:45 在 1:58,at a quarter past seven / at seven fifteen,at half past eight

14、/ at eight thirty,at a quarter to twelve / at eleven forty-five,at two (minutes) to two / at one fifty-eight,半小時之內(nèi)（包括半小時）常用介詞past, 半小時之后用介詞to。,形容詞和副詞 的用法及位置 Usage and position of adjective and adverb,When do we use adjectives ?,在名詞前作定語,1.We should have a _diet. (health) 2. I like the _ baby very muc

15、h.( love),healthy,lovely,diet,baby,在系動詞后作表語,He became very _(angrily). Chillies taste _ (spice).,angry,taste,spicy,When do we use adjectives ?,became,形容詞作賓語補足語,When do we use adjectives ?,11. We should keep the room _(clean). 12. This bad news made him_(happy).,keep the room,clean,made him,unhappy,b

16、ad,keep make,sb./sth. + adj.,1.在名詞前作定語,2.在系動詞后作表語,3.作賓語補足語（keep, make),形容詞的位置和成分,How do we get adverbs?,widely,wide,+,ly,especially,especial,+,ly,extremely,extreme,+,ly,completely,complete,+,ly,truly,true,+,ly,really,real,+,ly,closely,close,+,ly,quietly,quiet,+,ly,immediately,immediate,+,ly,excitedl

17、y,excited,+,ly,adv.,adj.,+,ly,Conclusions,completely,complete,add ly,RULES,EXAMPLES,形容詞比較級的拼寫規(guī)則,taller,safer,fatter,bigger,一般的詞+er,以e結(jié)尾的詞+r,以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾 雙寫最后輔音字母+er,safe,fat,big,thin,hot,red,wet,thinner,hotter,redder,wetter,單 音 節(jié) 詞,雙 音 節(jié) 詞,healthier,easier,more careful,多音節(jié),以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,去y 為變i+er,以-ful

18、, less, ing, ed, ly, ive, able等后綴結(jié)尾的詞前加more,前加more,more difficult,difficult,形容詞比較級的拼寫規(guī)則,bad/ ill -,worse,不規(guī)則變化,形容詞比較級的拼寫規(guī)則,形容詞比較級的常用結(jié)構(gòu)： 1) than e.g. The book is heavier than that one. 2) A or B? e.g. Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?,1）as +原級+ as: 和一樣 e.g. Peter is as tall as Mike. This shirt is

19、 as cheap as that one. 2）“不如” not as +原級+as not so+原級+as less+原級+ than e.g. My room is not as/so big as your room. My room is less big than your room.,形容詞的 同級比較,Tom isnt as tall as Sandy. =Tom is _ _Sandy. =Sandy is _ _Tom.,shorter than,taller than,not so/asas -,原級、比較級之間的轉(zhuǎn)換,比較級 than,辨析：介詞in, on, at

20、地點：in+大地點 e.g. in Beijing/ China on +島嶼 e.g. on Lucky Island at +小地點 e.g. at the bus-stop at the airport 時間:in + 年份/季節(jié)/月份e.g. in 2012/spring/May on + 具體某天/具體某天的某個時段 e.g. on Saturday / on Monday morning at + 鐘點 e.g. at six oclock,in the Arts and Crafts room 在美術勞技教室里in the hall 在大廳里in the Music room 在

21、音樂教室里 in + 一個被包圍的空間 “在里” on the second floor 在三樓 on Lucky Island 在幸運島上 on the + 序數(shù)詞 + 樓層 “在樓上” at the entrance 在入口處 at the airport 在機場 at the bus-stop 在車站 at + 較小的地方 “在”,其它介詞（固定搭配）： 1. get sth. from sb. 從某人那里得到某物 far away from 遠離 2. I usually go shopping with her. 與某人一起 share sth. with sb. 與某人分享某物 h

22、elp sb. with sth. 在方面幫助某人 3. be late for 遲到; for the first time 第一次 wait for等待 cook food for people 為人們燒吃的 make sth. for sb./buy sth. for sb. 為某人買/做某物,4. be kind/friendly/helpful to sb. 對某人 sell things to people 買東西給人 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 給某人看某物 5. look at 看著;look for 尋找;look after 照顧 li

23、sten to 聽著 6. get to spl. 到達某地 =arrive in/at spl. 7. by bus/car/ferry/underground on foot on the bus/ underground/ train in a car/ taxi,8. on the/ones way to spl. 在某人去某地的路上 on ones way here/there/home 9. in the classroom, on the road, in the library, in the park, walk on the grass, run across the ro

24、ad, on the left/right , in the middle of, in the shopping centre 10. have sth. for breakfast/lunch/dinner in the supermarket/market in the frozen food section at the fish stall 11. all kinds of + 名詞復數(shù) 各種各樣的 different kinds of + 名詞復數(shù) 多種多樣的,感官動詞：taste, look, sound, feel, smell + adj. become(變得) + adj.

25、 She looks happy. Your idea sounds wonderful. He became fit and healthy. e.g. Jimmy made a mistake, his father looked _ and his mother looked _ at him. (angry),angry,angrily,連系動詞,CAN 可表示能力、允許、可能性、懷疑猜測，意 為“能，會，可以”；cant意為“不會，不 能，不可以” 。 MAY 表示允許、也許，意為“可以，也許，可 能”。對may的一般問句的回答，肯定回答 是：Yes, please. /Certai

26、nly. /Sure.等。否定回 答是：No，you cant. / No, you may not.,常用情態(tài)動詞,can, may, must, need, shall, will, should 等，后面跟動詞原形。,MUST 表示必須要做的事，意為“必須，應該”， 具有強制性。否定形式must not或 mustnt。must一般問句的肯定回答 用Yes, you must.否定回答用No, you neednt. SHALL, WILL 用來征求對方意見，也可以用于 一般將來時。shall只用于第一人 稱，will適用于所有人稱。 SHOULD 為shall 的過去式，有“應該”的意

27、思， 但語氣比must 弱，不具有強制性。 ,1)情態(tài)動詞（用法與can, must, should一致） 肯定： need do sth. （need不隨人稱變化） 否定：neednt do sth. 一般疑問： Needdo sth.? 回答： Yes, need. (No, neednt. e.g. Mike need review his lessons every day. You neednt worry about him. He can do it well. Must I do homework now? No, you neednt.,need的用法,2) 實義動詞： 肯定

28、： need to do sth. need sth. 否定：dont need to do dont need sth. 一般疑問：Doneed to do? Doneed sth? 回答： Yes, do. Yes, do. No, dont. No, dont. e.g. He needs to buy some food for the picnic. We dont need any money. Did he need to come?,試一試： Simon needs to take a bus to school. （否定句） Simon doesnt need to take

29、 a bus to school. 2. They need some eggs to make a cake. （一般疑問句） Do they need any eggs to make a cake? 3. Students need preview their lessons before class. （否定句） Students neednt preview their lessons before class.,四種時態(tài),一般現(xiàn)在時： 1)肯定句： I usually go shopping with her. We often go shopping together. Alic

30、e always goes shopping. 2) 否定句：I dont always go shopping. They dont always go shopping. Mike doesnt always watch TV. 3) 一般疑問句： Do you/ the boys always go shopping? Does Linda always go shopping?,I/ we/ you/ they + V. he/ she/ it + V.+s/es ,I/ we/ you/ they + dont + V. he/ she/ it + doesnt + V.,Do I/

31、 we/ you/ they + V.? Does he/ she/ it + V.?,always adv.總是 usually adv.通常 often adv.經(jīng)常 sometimes adv.有時 seldom adv. 很少，幾乎不 never adv. 從不,頻率 副詞,這些頻率副詞通常用來描述平時做的有規(guī)律的事情，用一般現(xiàn)在時。,否定含義!,現(xiàn)在進行時,一、用法 表示說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。 Were learning English now.,二、構(gòu)成 肯定句：主語+ am/are/is +doing. 否定句：主語+ am/are/is+ not +doing. 疑問句

32、：Am/Is/Are+主語+ doing?,三、標志詞 now, these days, Look! Listen! Be careful! Look out! Watch out! Be quiet或根據(jù)上下文,一般將來時 (be going to + V.) 用法：表示“打算”、“準備”在最近做某事 結(jié)構(gòu)：（肯定句）主語+am/is/are going to +動詞原形. e.g. I am going to put it on the floor. （否定句）主語+am/is/are not going to +動詞原形. e.g. He is not going to paint th

33、e bookcase tomorrow. （疑問句） Am/Is/Are+主語+ going to +動詞原形? e.g. Are you going to come back tomorrow?,will do sth.= be going to do sth. 將要做某事 標志：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, soon, next week, in 2015, in the future, in + 時間段 肯定： 主語+will+動詞原形 否定： 主語+wont / will not +動詞原形 一般疑問： Will+主語+動詞原形? Yes, wil

34、l. / No, wont. e.g. He will have a meeting tomorrow.,一般將來時(will + V.),一般過去時的結(jié)構(gòu),陳述句：主語+動詞過去式+其它,I cleaned the room yesterday.,否定句：主語+助動詞didnt+動詞原形+其它,I didnt clean the room yesterday.,一般疑問句：Did +主語+動詞原形+其它,Did you clean the room yesterday?,Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.,常用時間,yesterday yesterday morning (

35、afternoon, evening) last night (week, month, year) (two days, a week, three years ) ago in 1990 (1998) in the past just now,標志詞,It has been a long and tiring day today.,現(xiàn)在完成時：the Present Perfect Tense,It hasnt been a long and tiring day today.,Has it been a long and tiring day today?,Yes, it has./No, it hasnt.,肯定：主語+have/has + 動詞過去分詞,否定：主語+have/has not+ 動詞過去分詞,疑問：Have/Has+主語+動詞過去分詞？,現(xiàn)在完成時可用來表示： 1、過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響。,A: Mum, have you bought any garlic? B: Yes, I have. A: Where did you buy it? B: In the market, at the vegetable st