1、定語從句,-授課人：李菁,基本概念 1,什么是定語? She is a beautiful girl.,修飾名詞。的,什么是定語從句？,This is the book that I bought yesterday.,2. 兩個(gè)詞很重要: 先行詞, 關(guān)系詞 The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. I like the book which you bought yesterday The girl whom I met is Lucy.,基本概念 2,下例句子對(duì)嗎?,This museum is which we visited yesterd

2、ay.,3. 關(guān)系詞又分為兩類: 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞. 1).關(guān)系代詞： that，which, who, whom, whose, as, but This is the book that is popular with most students. Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. I live in the room whose window faces south. Id like to buy such a watch as you are wearing.,基本概念 3,Who,who人；which-物；that

3、人，物 Whose人，物,只能用 who (1) You can ask those who live near here. (2)Anyone who has a little sense of humor knows he is joking. (3) He/She who is always telling lies will not be trusted any longer.,只用that，不用which,以下情況，引導(dǎo)詞用that，不用which。 1. 先行詞為不定代詞everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。 e.g. Finall

4、y, the thief handed everything that he had stolen. 2. 先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，用that。 e.g. This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.,3. 先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)表語時(shí) e.g. He is no longer the man that he was 10 years ago.,4. 先行詞被the only，the very，the last 修飾時(shí)，用that。 e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now. 5. 先

5、行詞同時(shí)指人和指物時(shí)，用that。 e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then.,whose,例句：I know the boy. His watch was stolen. This is the room. Its windows are broken.,Whose+n=of which+the+n./the+n+of which Whose+n=of whom+the+n/the+n+of whom, I know the boy whose watch was stolen. /I know the boy

6、the watch of whom was stolen., This is the room whose windows are broken./This is the room the windows of which are broken,介詞+關(guān)系代詞,* “of + which/whom”可用來限定名詞、代詞、分?jǐn)?shù)詞、數(shù)詞等。 e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 2. He pa

7、id the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. A. these B. those C. that D. which,D,D,關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定,1.根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系，請(qǐng)?bào)w會(huì)： e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? 2. 根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配，如： e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms

8、 about which Im not sure. 3. 根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣，請(qǐng)?bào)w會(huì)： e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.,關(guān)系代詞的省略,在從句中做賓語 This is the man (who/whom) I love. This is the book (that/which) I bought yesterday.,2) 關(guān)系副詞：where,when, why I live in a city where there is a famous lake called the West Lake. Gon

9、e are the old days when we Chinese were poor and oppressed. This is the reason why I was late for the meeting.,基本概念 4,區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞 We shall never forget the days _we spent together. We shall never the days _ we lived together This is the reason _ he told us the secret. This is the reason _ he told us

10、. We visited the place _ he once lived. We visited the place _ used to be a farmland.,用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞，并不取決于先行詞，而是取決于先行詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?非限制性定語從句,形式上：有逗號(hào) 意義上與限制性定語從句有區(qū)別 My father who is a doctor came to school yesterday.(限定） My father , who is a doctor, came to school yesterday. （補(bǔ)充說明）,非限制性定語從句不能用that,非限制性定

11、語從句中指物只能用which, 不能用that which 也可修飾前面的整句話。 He failed in the exam, which made his parents very angry.,as 的用法,1. As 指代整句話，常放句首。 e.g. As we all know, the earth is round. 2. 當(dāng)與such或the same連用時(shí)，一般用as。 e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.,As might be expected, John was adm