1、專項(xiàng)十 主謂一致,主謂一致關(guān)系應(yīng)遵循三項(xiàng)原則：意義一致、語法一致和就近原則。 1 .意義一致 意義一致，即從意義上著手處理一致關(guān)系。如果主語形式上是單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)；有的主語形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但意義是單數(shù)，這時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。,思維拓展 (1)由and 所連接的并列主語如果是指一個(gè)人或一種事物等，其后的謂動(dòng)詞就用單數(shù)形式。 The writer and artist has come . There is a knife and fork on the table . （2）表示時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量等名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式用作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。 Three days i

2、s too long us to wait . A hundred miles is a long distance.,3）有些名詞以-s 結(jié)尾，但表示單數(shù)意義。作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) 如news ，physics ，maths ，politics，James（詹姆斯）等。 Physics is my favourite subject. James is going to spend his holiday in Hawaii 4）有些形式為單數(shù)、意義為復(fù)數(shù)的集合名詞用作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 例如：people人們，police警察等） There were many people

3、at the meeting . The police have caught the thief.,5）集合名詞用作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)形式取決于集合名詞的意義。當(dāng)集合名詞指整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；當(dāng)集合名詞指其中的個(gè)體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 （例如：class ，family，group ，team等） The class is the best one in the grade . The whole class are listening to the teacher carefully . Almost every family there owns a car All my

4、 family enjoy the life in the country,6）none 作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞多用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但作為單數(shù)看待時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 None of the advice was accepted .。 None of the children of the family are interested in art . 7）some ，any ，all ，more ，most ，the rest half，分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要與它們所指代的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式一致。 Some of the apples remain green .。 Some （of t

5、he money ）was spent on clothes.,即景活用 One of my friends _already moved to London. A .do B .does C .have D .has （2）The environment here is better than before . I agree . There _less pollution now . A .are B .is C .were D .was,D,B,2.語法一致 語法一致，即主謂在語法形式上取得一致。如果主語是單數(shù)，謂語就用單數(shù)；主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語就用復(fù)數(shù)。 思維拓展 (1)當(dāng)主語后面跟有wi

6、th ，together，with ，like ，except ，but ，as well as 等詞引導(dǎo)短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語保持一致。 He as well as I wants to go boating. No one except two servants was late for the dinner . (2)代詞each 和由every ，some ，no ，any 等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語，或主語中含有each ，every時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 Each of us has a tape-recorder.,(3)不定式（短語）、動(dòng)名詞（短語）或從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞

7、用單數(shù)。 Serving the people is our great happoness . (4)名詞如：trousers，seissors ，clothes ，glasses 等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)。但這些名詞前若有a pair of ，謂語則用單數(shù)。 A pair of glasses is on the desk . (5)在定于從句中，關(guān)系代詞that ，who ，which 等作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞的數(shù)一致。 This is the man who wants to see you . The girls who are coming soon are my

8、 students .,(6)由what 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，主句謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式，但如果表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，主句謂語動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 What we need now is time . What he left me are only some old books 即景活用 Its spring now ._are all green . A .Tree B .The tree C .Trees （2）Swimming in the pool with friends _very interesting. A .has B .have C .is D .are,C,B,3 .就近原則 就近原

9、則，即謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近謂語動(dòng)詞的主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。 思維拓展 當(dāng)there be 句型的主語是一系列事物時(shí)，謂語就與臨近的主語保持一致。 There is a pen ，a knife and several books on the desk . 當(dāng)either or ，neither nor ，not only but also 連接連個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與臨近的主語保持一致。,如果句子是由here 或there 引導(dǎo)，而主語又不止一個(gè)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常也和臨近的主語一致。 Either you or she is to go . Here is a pen ，a few en

10、velops and some paper for you. 即景活用 Either Mary or he_ going to Paris. Only one person may go there. A are B is C was,B,疑點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)突破 1 .a number of 意為“許多”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞一般也用復(fù)數(shù)；the number of 意為“的數(shù)目”，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞只用單數(shù)。 A number of other plants were found in America. The number of foreign players in Americas NBA has increased.。 2 .“many a +單數(shù)名詞”作主語，盡管意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，但因中心詞是單數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞也需用單數(shù)以符