1、冠詞的用法 (Articles),I. 分類 不定冠詞a/an， 定冠詞 the， 零冠詞（不用冠詞）,a / an的用法,1. 表示“某種類別當(dāng)中的一個”，“該類中的一例”A cat is an animal.貓是一種動物。 Hes a Frenchman.他是個法國人。 2. 第一次提到某物 I looked up and saw a plane. 我抬頭看見了一架飛機. 3. 用在稱呼前，含有“我不認識的感覺” A Mr. Smith is waiting to see you.一位史密斯先生正等著要見您。,4. 可以表示量度單位，每 40 km an/per hour 每小時40公里

2、twice a/per day 每天兩次 5. 與可數(shù)名詞連用位于what, such之后，表示感嘆，或強調(diào)程度 What a surprise! 真是讓人吃驚。 My boss is such a fool! 我的老板這么蠢。 6. 用在形容詞最高級前，相當(dāng)于very。 This is a most useful dictionary.這是一本非常有用的字典。,a / an的用法,7. 用在序數(shù)詞前面表示“再一次，又一次”。 Ten years after the death of her husband, she got married for a second time.在她丈夫去世十年

3、后，她再次結(jié)婚了。 8. 用在many, quite, rather, such, twice, what 等詞后面，構(gòu)成短語。 Its quite a problem. 這是一個相當(dāng)難的問題。 Ive never seen such an exciting football match before. 我以前從來沒見過這么精彩的比賽。,a / an的用法,9. 注意區(qū)分a/ an：一般來說，an用在元音前，a用在非元音前。但注意下面的特殊例子。 a Europe (European, one-way street, union, university, useful tool, usual

4、way) an honest man (hour, honor, a, e, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x) an 80-metre-high-tower,a / an的用法,the的用法,1. 基本用法：有明確的所指；可以與任何名詞連用 Shut the door. 關(guān)門。 Where will the meeting be held? 在哪兒開會？ 2. The + adj.表示一類人或事物 the British英國人, the rich富人, the young年輕人, 3. 表示一天的各段時間 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening

5、,4. 表示獨一無二的自然現(xiàn)象，方位，左右 the earth地球, the sun太陽, the east東, the west西, the right右, the left左 5.用在樂器之前 My sister is learning the flute/ piano.我妹妹在學(xué)笛子/ 鋼琴。 6. 用在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀(jì)中幾十年代 in the 1870s 十九世紀(jì)七十年代 , 7.用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示這一家人。 the Smiths史密斯一家人,the的用法,8. 用在某些習(xí)慣表達法中的介詞短語中，指有關(guān)者的身體或衣著的一部分 lead sb. by the hand拉

6、著某人的手, hit sb. in the face打在某人的臉上, grasp sb. by the sleeve抓住某人的袖子 9. 用在形容詞最高級和序數(shù)詞前面。 The first time I saw him was in 1990.我第一次見他是在1990年。 Could you tell me the shortest way to the station?你能告訴我去火車站最近的路嗎？,the的用法,10. 和表示數(shù)量的名詞連用，表示“以為單位” Eggs are sold by the dozen. 雞蛋按打來賣。 He is paid by the hour / the d

7、ay/ week/ month.他按小時/天/周/月來付酬。 11. 與名詞連用時，要注意與不定冠詞的區(qū)別。 a / the most interesting非常有趣的 / 最有趣的 a / the number of 許多/ 的數(shù)量 for a/ the moment 片刻，一會兒/ 暫時，目前 give sb. a / the push 推某人一下/ 解雇某人,the的用法,零冠詞,1. 表示泛指或一般概念 Snow is white. 雪是白的。 比較：The snow in the yard is very thick.院子里的雪很厚。 2. 用在泛指的一日三餐前 Have you h

8、ad breakfast/ lunch/ dinner?你吃早飯/午飯/晚飯了嗎？ 比較：The breakfast was well cooked. 這頓早飯做得好。,3. 用在球類，棋類之前 Lets go and play football.我們?nèi)ヌ咦闱虬伞?How about having a game of chess, John? 約翰，咱們下盤棋好嗎？ 4. 用在稱呼語及表示家庭成員（常大寫）的名詞之前 Tom asked, “Wheres Father/ Mother/ Aunt?”湯姆問，“爸爸/媽媽/姑姑在哪兒？”,零冠詞,5. 在表語，賓語補足語，同位語中，表示獨一無二的

9、職位或頭銜 Whos captain of your team? 誰是你們隊長？ He was elected monitor of our class.他被選為班長 George Bush, president of the United States 美國總統(tǒng)布什 6. 用在表示學(xué)科的名詞之前。 English, Chinese, mathematics,零冠詞,7. 在獨立結(jié)構(gòu)中 The hunter entered the forest, gun in hand.獵人手拿著槍，走進了森林。 Child as he is, he knows a lot about the history

10、 of China.他雖然是個孩子，卻對中國歷史了解很多。 8. 用在某些習(xí)慣用語中 go to school (college, hospital, class, church, bed) by bike, (bus, train, car, boat, ship, plane, air) at sunrise, (sunset, noon, night, midnight),零冠詞,檢測,1.Alice is fond of playing _ piano while Henry is interested in listening to _ music. A. /, the B. /,

11、/ C. the, /D. the, the 2.Alexander Grander Bell invented _ telephone in 1876. A. /B. aC. the D. one 3.-Wheres Jack? - I think hes still in _ bed, but he might just be in _ bathroom. A. /, /B. the, the C. the, /D. /, the,4.Many people are still in _ habit of writing silly things in _ public places. A

12、. the, theB. /, theC. the, /D. /, / 5.She is _ newcomer to _ chemistry, but she has already made some important discoveries. A. the, theB. the, /C. a, /D. a, the 6.Wouldnt it be _ wonderful world if all nations lived in _ peace with one another? A. a, /B. the, /C. a, theD. the, the,檢測,7.Many people

13、agree that _ knowledge of English is a must in _ international trade today. A. a, /B. the, anC. the, theD. /, the 8.- Have you seen _pen? I left it here this morning. - Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a, the B. the, the C. a, a D. the, a 9. Paper money was in _ use in China when Ma

14、rco Polo visited the country in _ thirteenth century. A. the, /B. the, theC. /, the D. /, /,檢測,10. Most animals have little connection with _ animals of _ different kind unless they kill them for food. A. the, aB. /, aC. the, the D. /, the 11. _coffee that we drank just now was given to us by _ Jacksons. A. /, /B. The, /C. /, the D. The, the 12. I remember he lives in _ south, so we shouldnt be walking _ south. A. /, /B. /, theC. the, /D. the, the,檢測,13. They spent _ getting the problem settled. A. so a long timeB. quite a long time C. quite long a timeD.