1、Back,在人生的競賽中，如果你總是安于現(xiàn)狀、停滯不前，你永遠也不會成為勝者。,活學活用,In the race of human life, you will never win (any place) if you are always satisfied with what you are and stand still.,停滯不前,1.to stand still (L. 1),2, fall behind,- become bit by bit further behind fall behind in science 在科學方面落后 fall behind ones competi

2、tors 落后于競爭對手 Exercises: 這個學生一直很努力, 惟恐落后。 在籃球技術方面王治郅不如姚明。,The student has been working hard for fear that he should fall behind.,Wang Zhizhi falls behind Yao Ming in basketball skill.,中國在空間站技術方面還落后于美國。,China falls behind USA in the skills of space station.,2, fall behind with (2),-fail to finish at t

3、he proper time fall behind with the rent 拖欠房租 fall behind sb. in sth. Wang Zhizhi falls behind Yao Ming in basketball skill. China falls behind USA in the skills of space station. Exercises: 我工作拖下來了, 我得想辦法趕上。 他曾因拖欠贍養(yǎng)費被起訴。 反恐游戲我沒你打得好。 Im falling behind with my work; I must try to catch up. was sued b

4、ecause he fell behind with estovers. I fall behind you in CS.,3, to be slaves to (L. 5) - person whose way of life is dominated by (a habit, an interest, etc. ) 生活方式受(習慣、興趣等)支配的人，即(某種習慣、興趣的)奴隸,意志堅強的人主宰自己的人生，而意志薄弱者甘愿受命運擺布。,活學活用,A man of strong will feels in control of his own life while a man of weak

5、 will feels himself to be a slave to his fate.,Back,4, budget v. (1),vt. -plan the spending of or provide (money) in a plan,Vi-save or spend money (for a particular purpose) （為特定目的）節(jié)省或用錢,He budgeted (money) for a house.,If we budget carefully, well be able to buy a new car.如果我們能精打細算，我們就能買一輛新車。,She h

6、as made so many commitments that she has to budget her time very carefully. 她答應下來的事太多，因而不得不精心安排自己的時間。,歌迷們?yōu)榱速I演唱會的入場券而計劃節(jié)省開支。,Fans budget for buying the entrance ticket of the concert of May Day.,concert,entrance ticket,5, account for,- give a satisfactory explanation about (how sth. is used) 解釋，說明 He

7、 could not account for the time spent away from his post. 他無法解釋自己離開工作崗位的時間里都做了什么。 The suspect couldnt account for his time that night. He couldnt account for his absence from school. -be the cause or origin of His illness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。 Late frosts accounted for the poor fruit-crop

8、 of this year. Bad weather accounted for the long delay.,1, Jenny had to account to her husband for every penny she spent.,3, 被告無法解釋錢是在他家里找到的這個事實。,3, The man charged with the crime couldnt account for the fact that the money was found in his house.,Exercises:,1, 珍妮不得不向丈夫說明每一個便士是怎么花的。,2, 北海石油占我國貿(mào)易收入的

9、很大一部分。,2, North Sea oil accounts for a high proportion of our trade earnings.,6, acute adj.,-(of feelings or the senses) fine; sharp,Dogs have an acute sense of smell.,sharp, 靈敏的,He has an acute pain in the head.,great, 劇烈的,-Severe, very great,Exercises:,1, 盡管她已經(jīng)80歲了, 但她的聽覺仍然很靈敏。 2, 狗有靈敏的嗅覺。 3, 他兒子的

10、成功使他極為高興。 4, 那個地方嚴重缺水 5, 我地背劇烈疼痛。 1, She still has very acute hearing, though she is eighty years old. 2, Dogs have an acute sense of smell. 3, His sons success gave him acute pleasure. 4, There is an acute lack of water in the place. 5, There is an acute pain on my back.,7, count,-be of value or im

11、portance Here, it is my words that count. It is not the weapons but the men who use them that count. Every second counts. Everything we do counts. Its man that counts. It is not how much you read but what you read that counts.,8, In a rush,-in a hurry So sorry to have kept you waiting, but were rath

12、er in a rush today. 對不起，讓你久等了，我們今天非常忙。 Why is she always in such a rush? 為什么她總是這樣匆匆忙忙的? When the tap was opened, the water came out in a rush. 龍頭一開，水就噴涌而出。,Back,9.Rest restless restlessly,Restlessly- ad. impatiently Exercises: 1, 獅子煩躁地在籠子里走來走去。 2, 那人一邊不耐煩地在屋子里走來走去，一邊一遍又一遍地看手表。 3, 她焦躁不安地在椅子上挪動著。 1, T

13、he lion paced the floor of his cage restlessly. 2, The man repeatedly looked at his watch while walking up and down restlessly in the room. 3, She moved restlessly in her chair.,Back,10.elbow v,-push others out of the way using elbows elbow sb. (out of the way) 把某人擠開 elbow ones way through the crowd

14、 從人群中擠過去 Exercises: 我試圖攔住他，可他用胳膊肘把我推開。 I tried to stop him, but he elbowed me out of the way. 她從人群中擠了過去。 She elbowed her way through the crowd.,Back,The government raced the new law through all its stages so as to complete it before the election.,-do sth. in a hurry,The child raced through his homew

15、ork in order to watch the football match on TV.,那孩子為看電視轉(zhuǎn)播的足球賽而匆匆做完作業(yè)。,政府在制定這項新法律的各階段都是匆匆完成，以便在大選前完成立法。,Exercises,11, race through,Back,12.恢復，返回,to get back to (L. 15),退耕還林使這個地區(qū)又恢復了昔日的秀美。,活學活用,The move to return grain for green has got this area back to its former beauty.,Back,I cant go with you on t

16、he matter.,-exist or take place at the same time, be found together,Responsibility goes with becoming a father.,Exercises,13, go with,再那個問題上，我不能附和你。,初為人父，肩上也多了一份責任,Disease / laziness often goes with poverty.,疾病(懶惰）與貧困常相伴而生。,Back,隨大流,go with the tide,趕時髦,go with the time,伴隨，配合,to go with (L. 23),幸福未必

17、總與金錢相伴，而常常與積極的人生觀相伴。,活學活用,Happiness doesnt always go with money. More often than not, it goes hand in hand with a positive outlook on life.,Back,14, assess Unit 2 (I),-decide or fix the value / the importance, quality, worthof, 估價，評估 It is too early to assess the effects of the new legislation now.

18、The teacher assessed his students work. It is difficult to assess the impact of the new technique/ the important of the decision/ the impact of the presidents speech. -decide or fix the amount of sth. 估計 His annual income was assessed at 70,000 yuan. The damages were assessed at 50,000,000. assessme

19、nt n. re-assessmentxer CF: access (Unit 2, Book I ),Back,We must not think of this writer as a radical socialist politician, much less a leader of a revolution.,-and even less likely,15, much less (also still less),我們不應該把這位作家看作是激進的社會政治家，更別說是革命的領袖了。,I dont know about his name, much less do I know him

20、/ much less know him.,我連他的名字都沒聽過，更別提了解他了。,Synonym: let alone 更不必說; not to speak of更談不上 not to mention更不必說;且不說,Exercises:,1, 她連水也不肯喝一口, 更別說留下吃飯了。 2, 老人幾乎不能行走，更不用說跑了。 3, 他們連喝的水也總是不夠, 更別提洗澡了。 1, She wouldnt take a drink, still/much less stay for dinner. 2, The old man can hardly walk, much less run. 3,

21、 They are always short of water to drink, much less to bathe in.,16, rather than (1),-in preference to (sb./sth. ); instead of 與其(某人某事)不如不愿 Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people rather than harm them. 核科學的發(fā)展應有益于人民，而不是給他們帶來危害。 Rather than cause trouble, he left. 他寧可走開也不愿引起麻煩。,Back

22、,Cf, rather than different from; not 尤用于否定詞之后)除了；不同于， He never speaks to me other than to ask for something. 他除了向我要東西，從不跟我說話 I have never known him behave other than selfishly. 我只知道他一向自私自利。 rather than多用于肯定語境，而other than 多用于否定語境。無論是rather than， 還是other than，其后都可跟名詞、動詞(不帶to的不定式、動詞的 -ing形式、謂語動詞等、形容同、副

23、同、介詞短語，甚至句子等。,Back,-taking into account,Given their inexperience, theyve done a good job. Given that they are inexperienced, theyve done a good job.,Notice that “given” is followed by a noun phrase, while “given that” is followed by a finite clause.,看她對孩子們的興趣，教書應是適合她的職業(yè)。,Exercises,17, given (that) p

24、rep.,Given her interest in children, teaching should be the right career for her.,考慮到他們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗，他們算做得不錯了。,18, whereas conj.,-but, in contrast: while 然而；但是；盡管 Whereas the Arctic has been exploited economically for centuries, trade never really touched Antarctic. 盡管北極區(qū)經(jīng)濟的開發(fā)已經(jīng)幾個世紀了，商貿(mào)卻從未光顧過南極區(qū)。 北極區(qū)經(jīng)濟的開發(fā)已經(jīng)幾

25、個世紀了，而商貿(mào)卻從未光顧過南極區(qū)。 (whereas用于引起句子的后半部分時，可譯為“而”；如果whereas置于句首，則可譯為“盡管”，或不譯出，但須在后半句前加上“而”。),Exercises:,1, 我們以為她不喜歡我們，然而事實是因為她很害羞。 2, 他們想住一所房子, 可我們寧愿住在一套公寓房里。 3, 他們國家石油豐富, 而我們國家則一點也沒有。 1, We thought she did not like us, whereas in fact she was very shy. 2, They want a house, whereas/while we would rath

26、er live in a flat. 3, Their country has plenty of oil, whereas/ while ours has none.,worth It is worth (doing) sth. worthy Sth. is worthy of + n. /being done /to be done worthwhile It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.,這件事值得考慮。 The matter is worth consideration/considering. The matter is worthy of consi

27、deration/being/to be considered. It is worthwhile considering/to consider the matter.,Now you try:,merit, deserve,19.be worthy of,Back,V. The suffixes or endings of words ment, -ation, -tion, -sion, and ion are added to verbs to form nouns. Study the table below:,Back,Now please write down the noun

28、form of the following verbs.,Back,The suffix -able can be added to verbs to form adjectives meaning “able to be verbed”, “worthy of being verbed”, or “that ought to be verbed”. Add -able to the following verbs to form adjectives, and notice that you have to change the form of some of the verbs befor

29、e you add this suffix. Then use the adjectives to complete the following sentences.,Back,1. It is _ always to wear a safety belt when you are driving on a highway.,advisable,2. To do the job of the sales representative, it is _ that you know something about medicine as well as about the market.,desi

30、rable,Back,3. The bank will lend you money on very _ terms as long as they are convinced that you will be able to return the money in good time.,favorable,4. The government has recently announced its new policy on environmental protection, but a _ number of people object that the government has acte

31、d too slowly.,considerable,Back,5. Finland is a country of Northern Europe and is _ for its large number of lakes.,remarkable,6. Conventionally, a dark suit is _ to a light-colored one for official occasions.,preferable,Back,7. The quality of the water has very much improved in this region and now t

32、he water coming directly from a tap is perfectly _.,drinkable,8. After a one-week talk they have finally reached an agreement on this issue _ to both parties.,acceptable,Model: Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk, _ (更不用說帶 他們出去吃飯了).,Americans

33、do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk, much less (do they) take them out for dinner.,Structure Ex. VII. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese parts into English.,1.The student can hardly speak simple English, _ (更不用說寫英語文章了). 2.He can

34、not manage a small shop, _ (更不用說管理一家大公司了). 3.John couldnt even pick up the box, _ (更談不上把它拿到樓上去了).,much less write English articles,much less a big company,much less carry it upstairs,Structure Ex. VII. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese parts into English.,4. Ive never seen

35、the man, _ (更談不上跟他談話了). 5.Indeed, almost every scientist now finds it impossible to read all the works connected with his own subject, _ (更不用說大量地閱讀自己學科以外的東西了).,much less spoken to him,much less ( to ) read a lot outside of it,Model: The telephone service is superb here. The postal service is less ef

36、ficient.,The telephone service is superb here, whereas the postal service is less efficient.,Structure Ex. VIII. Combine the following sentences using the conjunction whereas.,1. Having meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars. Eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive.,Hav

37、ing meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars. whereas eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive.,Structure Ex. VIII. Combine the following sentences using the conjunction whereas.,2. We thought she was rather proud. In fact she was just very shy.,We thought she was rather p

38、roud, whereas in fact she was just very shy.,3. We have never done anything for them. They have done everything for us.,We have never done anything for them, whereas they have done everything for us.,4. Natalie prefers to stay for another week. Her husband prefers to leave immediately.,Natalie prefe

39、rs to stay for another week, whereas her husband prefers to leave immediately.,5. Some highly praise him. Others put him down severely.,Some highly praise him, whereas others put him down severely.,1. 在有些人眼里，畢加索（Picasso）的繪畫會顯得十分荒謬。,In the eyes of some people, Picassos paintings would seem rather foolish.,Translation Ex. IX. Translate the following sentences into English.,In the eyes of some people,foolish,2. 他們利潤增長部分的原因是由于采用了新的市場策略。,The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.,is due partly to,profits,3. 那個男人告訴妻子把藥放