1、Module 3 My First Ride on a Train,Grammar 1,The -ed form,過去分詞作定語,1. 單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語 作前置定語：這時(shí)過去分詞的形容詞意義強(qiáng)于動(dòng)詞意義。 a. 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞具有被動(dòng)的意義。 如: a broken cup 一個(gè)破杯子 a wounded soldier 一名傷員,b. 不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞具有完成的意義 a grown woman 一位成年婦女 an escaped prisoner 一名逃犯,2) 作后置定語，通常是及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，這時(shí)過去分詞意義強(qiáng)于形容詞意義。個(gè)別單個(gè)的過去分詞作前置定語或后置定語時(shí), 表達(dá)

2、的含義不同。如：,2. 過去分詞短語作定語通常后置，其作用相當(dāng)于定語從句。如: the color TV set produced last year = the color TV set that was produced last year a letter written to me by my daughter = a letter that was written to me by my daughter,3. 要注意過去分詞做定語時(shí)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間： 1) 發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前。如： Is this the book written (that was written) by H

3、enry James?,2) 表示與句中謂語動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。如： He was then a professor respected (that was respected) by all the teachers and students of the college.,1. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., didnt include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing,例題解析,簡析: 首先,根據(jù)語法分

4、析可知,待選部分是一個(gè)作定語、修飾 The Olympic Games的后置分詞短語;再根據(jù) The Olympic Games 對(duì)于動(dòng)詞 play 來說只能是被動(dòng)承受,且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。因此,該題應(yīng)選C。,2. Whats the language _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 簡析: 該題應(yīng)選B。測試過去分詞作后置定語表達(dá)被動(dòng),等于定語從句 which is spoken。,3. Most of the artists _ to the party were from Sout

5、h Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 簡析: 該題應(yīng)選A。測試過去分詞作后置定語表達(dá)被動(dòng), 等于定語從句who were invited。,4. The computer centre, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 簡析: 該題應(yīng)選D。測試過去分詞短語作定語放在所修飾的名詞后,可以用非限制性定語從句“w

6、hich was opened last year”代替。,5. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 簡析: 該題應(yīng)選D。測試過去分詞作后置定語表達(dá)被動(dòng),等于定語從句which were written。,1. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to peopl

7、e with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known,D,牛刀小試,2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes. A. to form B. form C. formed D. having formed,C,3. There was an _ look on his fac

8、e when the actress appeared. A. excited B. excitement C. exciting D. excitedly 4. Its wrong for the _ countries to control the world. A. development B. developing C. developed D. develop,A,C,5. I have collected the money _. A. needing B. need C. to need D. needed 6. The bridge _ next year will be ve

9、ry long. A. being built B. to be built C. built D. building,D,B,7. The book can be used in _ countries. A. English-speaking B. English-spoken C. speaking-English D. spoken-English,A,8. From his _ voice, I have to say that you are really _. A. disappointed; disappointed B. disappointing; disappointin

10、g C. disappointed; disappointing D. disappointing; disappointed,C,9. This is the problem _ at the meeting yesterday. A. being discussed B. having discussed C. to be discussed D. discussed 10. The _ look on his face suggested that he had not expected so. A. surprised B. surprising C. excited D. excit

11、ing,D,A,Grammar 2,Past tense time expressions,recently a long time ago during the day a hundred and fifty years ago one night until the 1920s at (about) midnight in 1925 ,Read My First Ride on a Train and find the past tense time expressions.,一般過去時(shí),在確定的過去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常用的時(shí)間狀語有：yesterday, last week

12、, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now?,2. 表示在過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，特別是由would / used to do 表達(dá)的巨型，本身表示的就是過去時(shí)。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. He used to visit his mother onc

13、e a week.,3. 有時(shí)可以代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)一種委婉、客氣、禮貌、商量的語氣。 I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car. Would you mind my sitting here?,4. 用在表示虛擬語氣的句型：it is time that sb. did sth.（時(shí)間已遲了、早該了）; would (had) rather sb. did sth.（寧愿某人做某事） It is time you went to bed. Id rather you came tomorrow.,5. wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時(shí)，作試探性的詢問、請(qǐng)求、建議等，而一般過去時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。 I thought you might have some.,將下列句子譯成英語。 上周末, 簡吃了一頓由外婆做的好飯。 2. 昨天晚上, 她完成作業(yè)后就上床睡覺了。,Last weekend, Jane ate a nice meal (which was) cooked by her