1、高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空解題技巧,頂效開發(fā)區(qū)中學(xué)：黃向均,語(yǔ)法填空是通過語(yǔ)篇在語(yǔ)境中考察語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力，我們?cè)诮忸}前應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以先進(jìn)行填寫。在讀懂短文的基礎(chǔ)上，再結(jié)合短文提供的特定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境去逐句分析，逐題解答。,命題揭密,根據(jù)此表，我們知道，語(yǔ)法填空的考點(diǎn)或考查內(nèi)容是：(1)純空格題：通常考 等四類詞。一個(gè)空格只能填 個(gè)單詞,(2)用括號(hào)中所給詞填空：通?？?_、_、_等。一個(gè)空格可以填 個(gè)單詞，要注意大小寫。,冠詞、介詞、代詞和連詞,一,動(dòng)詞,形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí),詞類轉(zhuǎn)換,一到三,Group Work,Discuss with your group member

2、s about the following sentences, and try to figure out some similarities of the words we should fill in.,考點(diǎn)分析,語(yǔ)法填空以要求根據(jù)上下文填入一個(gè)以動(dòng)詞(verb)（或其適當(dāng)形式）、名詞(noun)、代詞(pronoun)、冠詞(article)、介詞(prep.)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(modal verbs)、連詞(conj)或引導(dǎo)詞、形容詞(adj.)和副詞(adv.) 考查各項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容。,. I still remember taking _ visiting friend from Cana

3、da to a local Black Country pub for lunch. (11廣州一模) 3，In the beginning ,there was only _ very small amount of unfairness in the world(2013廣東）,考點(diǎn)一：冠詞,無提示詞 名詞之前,1. There once were a goat and a donkey. So the farmer killed _ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 2,the,考查語(yǔ)法點(diǎn): 定冠詞,不定冠詞的用

4、法,考點(diǎn)分析,a,a,解題技巧 下列情況很可能填 ： (1)_+可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù))； (2)_+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù))。,下列情況下很可能填 ： (1)_ (+定語(yǔ))+名詞+ of等介詞短語(yǔ)(表示特指)； (2)_ (+定語(yǔ))+名詞+定語(yǔ)從句(表示特指)； (3)_ (+定語(yǔ))+名詞+不定式短語(yǔ)或分詞短語(yǔ)(表示特指)。,考點(diǎn)分析,不定冠詞,定冠詞,1 Hes _ amazing singer, a music video director, a business owner and he 2This is _ law of Americanof all successful people.,3

5、 hour honest boy _ 8-year-old boy X-rayphoto/umbrella/American,an,the,an,考點(diǎn)二：介詞,無提示詞：注意搭配問題 名詞或代詞在句中不作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，其前面，一定是填介詞。,1. In short, I believe that it is 39_ great use to keep a dairy in English (07深二模) 2. The only reason a man would sell salt _ a lower price would be because he was deperate

6、for money.(2013廣東） 3. He was very tired _ doing this for a whole day(08廣東),of,at,考查語(yǔ)法點(diǎn): 介詞的基本用法及慣用搭配,考點(diǎn)分析,from/after,考點(diǎn)三：代詞,無提示詞 作主語(yǔ)用主格，作賓語(yǔ)用賓格，注意形容詞詞性和名詞性物主代詞的區(qū)別。 指示代詞（it和this）,不定代詞，it用作引導(dǎo)詞,反身代詞等,考查語(yǔ)法點(diǎn): 代詞的基本用法,考點(diǎn)分析,1. She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her

7、 father. (08廣東) 2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _ . (07廣東) 3. It has been said before, but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it again: a smile(09江門二模),it,her,me,考點(diǎn)分析,解題技巧 因句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)主要由名詞

8、、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或不定式等充當(dāng)，而名詞、動(dòng)名詞或不定式等實(shí)詞通常會(huì)放在有提示詞的空格中考查，所以純空格所填詞在句子中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常填代詞，包括人稱代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞性物主代詞、疑問代詞、反身代詞(不能作主語(yǔ))等。在名詞前作定語(yǔ)就只能用形容詞性物主代詞了。,考點(diǎn)四：連詞或從句引導(dǎo)詞,無提示詞 兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)連接,1. Nicks guests,_ had heard their conversation,asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could .(2013 廣東） 2. But pay a fair

9、 price for it:neither too much _too little. (2013 廣東） 3. One day, he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.(08廣東),who,nor,考查語(yǔ)法點(diǎn): 各類復(fù)合句中連詞,引導(dǎo)詞的用法,考點(diǎn)分析,that,解題技巧 (1)連接兩個(gè)功能對(duì)等的單詞或短語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)填并列連詞and, or, but等。 (2)若兩個(gè)句子（即兩個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，一定是填并列連詞（連接并列的句子）或從屬連詞（連接定語(yǔ)從句、名詞性從句

10、和狀語(yǔ)從句）。,考點(diǎn)分析,考點(diǎn)五：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,有提示詞 與主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主謂結(jié)構(gòu),1. I was certain she would like it because I _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. (07廣州一模) 2. Suddenly,he _ (find) that he had run out of salt.(2013廣東） 3. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary to our intention.(

11、08廣東),was told,found,考查語(yǔ)法點(diǎn): 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài), 及主謂一致,考點(diǎn)分析,results,考點(diǎn)六：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,有提示詞 除謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以外的動(dòng)詞形式,1. He suddenly appeared in class one day ,_(wear) sun glasses(2012廣東） 2. I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _ (complete) the rest! 3. But everyone added a little,always _(think) that it was only small

12、and not very important,(2013) 4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise). (11廣州一模),wearing,to complete,thinking,考查語(yǔ)法點(diǎn): 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及變形的使用,考點(diǎn)分析,raised,考點(diǎn)七：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換,有提示詞 介詞,冠詞,所有格后接名詞,形容詞修飾名詞,副詞修飾形容詞，動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子,1. That would be a very _(reason)

13、 thing to do in a big city,（2013廣東） 2. As far as I am concerned, my 37 _ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook . (08惠二模) 3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) course. (08廣東) 4. But such a small thing couldnt _(possible) destroy a village.(2013廣東）,suggest

14、ion,考查語(yǔ)法點(diǎn): 各類詞性的正確使用及轉(zhuǎn)化,考點(diǎn)分析,natural,possibly,reasonable,考點(diǎn)八：形容詞和副詞的級(jí),有提示詞 通常，有表示范圍的in /of介詞短語(yǔ)或形容詞前有the時(shí)，一般要用最高級(jí)；than的前面一定要用比較級(jí),One of the 33_ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher (07廣州一模) 2It might have made it a little _(hard) for everybody because.（12年廣東）,worst,考點(diǎn)

15、分析,harder,總結(jié)提升,總結(jié)提升,二根據(jù)上下文意義及語(yǔ)法，確定詞形,冠詞,定冠詞,不定冠詞,并列句及復(fù)合句,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 to do, doing, done 及變形,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài), 及主謂一致,介詞的常用用法及詞組搭配,詞匯, 構(gòu)詞法,代詞,人稱代詞，物主代詞，不定代詞，指示代詞，反身代詞,根據(jù)語(yǔ)義, 確定詞形,分析句子,確定詞性,解題四步走,提示：四步走歸根到底其實(shí)就是尋找依據(jù)每一個(gè)語(yǔ)法填空的空格里所需的單詞或短語(yǔ)其實(shí)都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依據(jù),通讀全文,理解大意,總結(jié)提升,檢查搭配, 前后連貫,Jane was walking round the depar

16、tment store. She remembered how difficult _31_ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy _32_ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not _33_ pleasant experience：people stepped on y

17、our feet or _34_ (push) you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. Jane paused in front of a counter _35_ some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her _36_ (ch

18、oose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.,Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes _37_ sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _38_. When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents