1、Sentence Writing 1 College of English DingJing,Whether you like a love story that reads like a thriller or prefer poetry to prose, these books will have a little something for everyone.,以下內(nèi)容為簡寫本： 傲慢與偏見 Pride and Prejudice 簡愛 Jane Eyre 呼嘯山莊The Wuthering Heights 百萬英鎊One Million Pound 天方夜譚Tales from th

2、e Arabian Nights 查爾斯達(dá)爾文Charles Darwin 約翰肯尼迪John F. Kennedy 國家地理National Geography 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人The Economist 金融時(shí)報(bào)The Financial Times,Sentence Writing,Function 陳述句 Declarative Sentence 疑問句 Interrogative Sentence 祈使句 Imperative Sentence 感嘆句 Exclamatory Sentence Structure 簡單句 Simple Sentence 并列句 Compound Senten

3、ce 復(fù)合句 Complex Sentence,英語句子的主要構(gòu)成成分 Subject - 主語 Verb - 謂語 Object - 賓語 Direct/Indirect Complement - 補(bǔ)語 Adverbial - 狀語,SV : Time flies./ The sun is rising. SVO : What we did hurt him. SVC : She is busy/gorgeous./ The dish tastes good. SVA : Time flies fast/back to the past. SVOiOd : Becoming a father

4、 brings me a sense of responsibility. SVOC : We voted him President of the States. SVOA : Bruce speaks Mandarin fluently. There be : There will be a grand opening there.,Basic Sentence Patterns,謂語動(dòng)詞（ Verbal Phrase）： 每一個(gè)句型只有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞 eg: It took him several months to tame the wild horse. (不定式) CET4 -199

5、5 People appreciate working with him for his good sense of humor.(動(dòng)名詞) CET4-1998 Stepping carelessly off the pavement, he was knocked down by a bus.(現(xiàn)在分詞) I couldnt make myself understood by the students. (過去分詞),謂語動(dòng)詞可以作為檢查句子是否正確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) eg: Nowadays there are many people like discussing about house price

6、s. Nowadays many people like discussing about house prices. Nowadays there are many people who like discussing about house prices. 謂語動(dòng)詞決定了基本句型的類型 Exercise P7,Sentence Unity,句子的統(tǒng)一是句子結(jié)構(gòu)的第一要素，是指一個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣和句式等的一致，句中各部分共同表達(dá)一個(gè)獨(dú)立而完整的意思。,結(jié)構(gòu)完整,一個(gè)完整的句子結(jié)構(gòu)至少應(yīng)該是： SV, SVO, SVC, SVA的結(jié)構(gòu) Thailand people eat r

7、ice, and we eat, too. Thailand people eat rice, and we eat it/rice, too. (省略賓語) Many people prefer riding a bike to work. Because it is cheaper and environmental. Many people prefer riding a bike to work because it is cheaper and environmental. （從句獨(dú)立成句）,時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣和句式一致,并列謂語時(shí)態(tài)一致 The soldier looked at h

8、im, exchanged glances with his comrade and took out the gun. 主從句時(shí)態(tài)一致 Lots of people think that money is the root of all evils. 時(shí)態(tài)一致：大時(shí)態(tài)一致，但從句若是客觀真理，則沿用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.,并列句謂語語態(tài)一致 The author stayed up all night writing his novel and finally his novel was fi

9、nished. The author stayed up all night writing his novel and finally finished it. 并列句語氣一致 Come and you can take a look at my new office. Come and take a look at my new office. Come and youll be able to take a look at my new office. 表?xiàng)l件關(guān)系時(shí)，and前用祈使語氣，后面可用陳述語氣。,句式一致,常見句式不一致的情況： 融合句的不一致 However, too man

10、y examinations probably make us very tired and waste our time and useless at all. However, too many examinations probably make us very tired and waste our time. Even though, some of them are of no use at all. 把無直接關(guān)系的意思分開，另組成句或者進(jìn)行刪減，防止句子統(tǒng)一性被破壞。,粘連句的不一致 粘連句: 用逗號(hào)連接數(shù)個(gè)獨(dú)立的分句 eg: I ran to the door, a littl

11、e boy came in, and suddenly he burst into tears. 老栓正在專心走路，忽地吃了一驚，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地看著一條丁字街，明明白白地橫著。-藥 把各分句改成獨(dú)立的句子，或用分號(hào)、句號(hào)隔開,或在獨(dú)立分句中間加上適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞把原句變?yōu)椴⒘芯浠驈?fù)合句 I ran to the door. A little boy came in; suddenly he burst into tears. As I ran to the door, a little boy came in. Suddenly he burst into tears.,句子的連貫是指整個(gè)句子中各語言成分之

12、間的關(guān)系明白清楚，連接貫通，條理分明，銜接自然；在結(jié)構(gòu)安排上符合語法習(xí)慣，富有邏輯。,Sentence Coherence,平行結(jié)構(gòu),在一個(gè)句子中重復(fù)使用相同的語法結(jié)構(gòu)形式，并用連詞連接表達(dá)同樣意思的詞、詞組或從句。這種結(jié)構(gòu)能使句子流暢、對稱并富有節(jié)奏感。 eg: He is intelligent, witty and energetic. (詞的平行) The article is short, informative, and reading it was easy. The article is short, informative, and easy to read.,These problems are of great concern to the school systems, to teachers and to many parents. (短語的平行) A teacher who spends time with his students and who patiently answers his students questions will be respected and loved. （從句的平行） The Jews are not only clever but also d