1、高一必修1,Unit 5 Nelson Mandela 語言知識(shí)點(diǎn)與運(yùn)用,例: Modesty is one of his good qualities. 謙虛是他的美德之一。 We should keep the fine qualities of the working people. 我們應(yīng)該保持勞動(dòng)人民的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。,1. quality n. 品質(zhì)(用于人),2. mean adj.,1. 吝嗇的, 小氣的(+about/over/with) Her husband is very mean about money. 她的丈夫在金錢上很吝嗇。 2. 卑鄙的, 心地不好的(+to) Th

2、at was a mean trick! 那是一個(gè)卑劣的詭計(jì)!,3. active adj.,1) 活躍的; 活潑的 Mrs. Brown is over 80 and not very active now. 布朗太太已八十多歲, 現(xiàn)在不大活動(dòng)了。 2) 積極的; 勤奮的 He became an active social reformer. 他成了一位積極的社會(huì)改革家。,3) 在活動(dòng)中的; 在進(jìn)展中的 Mount Vesuvius is an active volcano. 維蘇威是一座活火山。,4. generous adj.,. 慷慨的, 大方的(+with/in/to) She i

3、s generous in giving help. 她樂于助人。 He was generous to everybody with money. 他在金錢上對(duì)每個(gè)人都很大方。,. 寬宏大量的, 寬厚的(+to/towards) He is generous towards his subordinates. 他待部屬很寬厚。 . 大量的; 豐富的; 豐盛的 She gave me a generous lunch. 她請(qǐng)我吃了一頓豐盛的午餐。,自私的, 利己主義的; 只顧自己的 She is a selfish girl. 她是個(gè)自私自利的女孩。,5. selfish adj.,6. de

4、voted adj.,1. 獻(xiàn)身的;虔誠(chéng)的;專心致志的 He was still devoted to the study of chemistry. 他仍專心研究化學(xué)。 2. 忠實(shí)的;摯愛的 Mrs. Jones had a very devoted husband. 瓊斯太太有一位忠實(shí)的丈夫。,拓展 devote的用法 閱讀下列句子，注意devote的意思及用法。 1. He devoted all his time to his job. 2. He devoted himself to writing. 自我歸納 devote為動(dòng)詞，常與介詞 _連用，構(gòu)成短語devote ones l

5、ife / time / energy / attention. to (doing) sth. （句1），表示“把生命/時(shí)間/精力/注意力用在/獻(xiàn)給（做）某事上”； _ （句2）表示“獻(xiàn)身；專心于”。,to,devote oneself to,【即學(xué)即練】 用devote的適當(dāng)形式完成句子。 1. Thousands of _ fans waited in the rain for the group to arrive. 2. She gladly gave up her part-time job and _ herself entirely to her art.,devoted,de

6、voted,7. die for 為某種事業(yè)或目的而死 die for ones country/ the people/ the cause. die of 死于內(nèi)因 die from 死于外因 die from a car accident. 由于車禍而死 die by 死于暴力, 刀或劍等兇器 die by the sword/hanging.,be dying for 極想得到. She is dying for a cup of water. die through carelessness 因過失而死 diedown 凋落, 消失 die away 消失（漸漸遠(yuǎn)去） The sou

7、nd died away. 聲音漸漸遠(yuǎn)去。 die out 絕種 This kind of animal is dying out.,8. found vt.,1. 建立; 建造 The pilgrims founded a colony in Plymouth. 清教徒們?cè)谄绽┧箘?chuàng)建了一個(gè)殖民地。 2. 創(chuàng)立, 創(chuàng)辦 They founded a college. 他們創(chuàng)辦了一所大學(xué)。,9. believe in,1. 信仰 Christians believe in Jesus. 基督徒信仰耶穌。 2. 信任 We believe in him. 我們信任他。,3. 相信.的效用 Jim

8、 believes in fresh air and morning exercises. 吉姆堅(jiān)信新鮮空氣及早操有益處。,He wont give up the experiment even if he has failed many times. His father has given up smoking. This is a good idea. You shouldnt give it up. She gave up her job to look after her mother.,10. give up + n./ pron./ v-ing,只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞,avoi

9、d, consider, dislike, enjoy, excuse, finish, imagine, mind, miss, suggest, stop, feel like, give up, cant help, cant stand,Do not talk (in) that way. (In) this way, you can remember the spelling. Dont stand in the /my way. He is better in some way (s). He picked a pen on the way to school.,11. in a

10、peaceful way,以和平的方式,那樣,這樣,礙事,在某些方面,在往的路上,12. fight against/for/with,The soldiers fought bravely _ the enemy _ the liberation _ their comrades.,against,for,with,13. beaway有遠(yuǎn)(指距離、時(shí)間) 1) 我家離這里只有兩條街。 My house is only 2 blocks away from here. 2) 他的生日在兩周以后。 His birthday is two weeks away. in two weeks.,1)

11、 她整天往外跑你不擔(dān)心嗎？ Doesnt it worry you that she spends so much time away from home? 2) 不要發(fā)愁。 Dont worry yourself.,14. worry vt.,worry sb. that 使某人擔(dān)心 worry oneself 使自己擔(dān)心,worry vi.,worry about=be worried about 擔(dān)心 worry over sth. 因某事?lián)?1) 他擔(dān)心考試不及格？ He worried that he would fail the exam. 2) 因?yàn)閾?dān)心孩子的病，她瘦了。 Sh

12、e lost weight because she worried about her sons illness.,1) Im worried _ her driving the car tonight on the wet road. A. of B. about C. on D. at 2) His dangerous driving always _ me. A. worry about B. worries about C. worried about D. worries,15. be out of work/job,= lose ones job = be unemployed,失

13、業(yè), 沒有工作,His mother has been out of work for half a year. in work 有工作 Is her husband in work? out of 意為“在之外”,“向外”;表示失去, 沒有, 用完; 不再處于某種狀況。反義詞為into或in。, The little boy ran out of the room. He took my books out of my schoolbag. Dont run into the room. Can you put your raincoat in your pocket?,out of bre

14、ath 上氣不接下氣 out of patience 不耐煩 out of petrol 汽油用完了 out of use 沒用了 out of order 出故障了 out of control 失控了 out of danger 脫離危險(xiǎn)了 out of sight 看不見了,out of fashion 不時(shí)興 out of date 過時(shí) out of repair 無法修葺 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不見, 心不煩。,16. as as+主語+can/could 盡可能, 盡量 = as as + possible He was running as f

15、ast as he could. =He was running as fast as possible. You must speak English as often as you can. =You must speak English _.,as often as possible,They did the experiment as carefully as they could. =They did the experiment _. Try to make as few mistakes as you can. =Try to make _.,as carefully as po

16、ssible,as few mistakes as possible,17. “The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.”,某些動(dòng)詞(see, find, witness等) 主語有時(shí)不是人而是物, 即擬人用法, 使句子生動(dòng)。 1) This old house has seen good days.

17、2) Dusk (黃昏) found a boy crying in the street. 3) Oct 1,1949, saw/ witnessed the foundation of the Peoples Republic of China.,a. 這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，包含一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，同時(shí)在時(shí)間狀語從句中含有一個(gè)定語從句。 b. 本句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主句（The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress）+ 時(shí)間狀語從句（until today we ha

18、ve reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all）。,c. 主句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語（The last thirty years）+謂語（have seen）+賓語（the greatest number of laws）+ 賓語補(bǔ)足語（stopping our rights and progress）。 d. 時(shí)間狀語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語（we）+ 謂語（have reached）+賓語（a stage）+ 定語從句（where we have almost no rights at all）。,仿寫 _ (過去的30年見證了我國(guó)發(fā)生的

19、巨大變化，到現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了在很多領(lǐng)域處于領(lǐng)先地位的時(shí)代。),The last thirty years have seen the great changes happened in our country, until now we have reached a stage where we share leading positions in many fields.”,. until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 考點(diǎn) 定語從句中關(guān)系副詞where的用法 考例 Those su

20、ccessful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing. (天津 2007) A. when B. whose C. which D. where,點(diǎn)撥 題意為“那些成功的聾人舞蹈家認(rèn)為舞蹈是一項(xiàng)視覺比聽覺更為重要的活動(dòng)”。先行詞activity后跟定語從句，從句中where作地點(diǎn)狀語，意為“在那種活動(dòng)中，在那種情況或場(chǎng)合下”。,19. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white pe

21、ople. 考點(diǎn) 定語從句中in + which的用法。 考例 Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger. A. that B. by which C. which D. in which,點(diǎn)撥 由四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知空格處應(yīng)填入定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。定語從句意為：people were eaten by the tiger in the scene，所以應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。,20. put sb.

22、 in (into) prison,把關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄,be sent to prison (被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄) be in prison (在監(jiān)獄里) be thrown into prison (被投入監(jiān)獄) break prison (越獄),prison表示蹲監(jiān)獄時(shí), 其前不用冠詞,throw sb. into prison= send /take sb. to prison,He had been in prison for 20 years. The man was put in prison for stealing a car. Anyone who breaks the law shoul

23、d be thrown into prison. They all went to the prison to visit the prisoners.,類似: bed, church, class, college, hospital, school, university, market,21. either. or.,(兩者之中)或 (之一),You may stay either in a hotel or in a private house. I want to visit either Paris or London. Either you or I am wrong. Eith

24、er of the boys likes singing. Either day is OK.,neithernor既不也不,He has neither money nor social position. Neither parent cares what happens to the child. Neither of the boys likes to play such a game.,bothand 兩者都,Both he and I are wrong. Both of the boys like singing., accept (接受) 表示主觀上樂意接受。 receive

25、(收到,得到), 表示客觀收到, 還不能斷定是否接受。 I received his letter of invitation, but I didnt accept it.,22. accept 與 receive的區(qū)別：, accept還表示“答應(yīng)”、“同意”、“認(rèn)同” He asked her to marry him and she accepted. receive還表示“接待”、“接收”、“歡迎” She was received into the club. ,-Have you _ the invitation to the party? -Yes, I have. And I

26、ve _ it. A. accepted, received B. received, accepted C. received, received D. accepted, accepted,23. attack vt.,1). 進(jìn)攻, 襲擊 The enemy attacked our airport all night. 敵人徹夜都在攻擊我們的機(jī)場(chǎng)。,2). (努力地)著手干 He tried to attack the problem from different angles. 他試著從各個(gè)角度來著手解決這個(gè)問題。,24. as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上,As a m

27、atter of fact, Ive never been there before. 事實(shí)上我從未到過那兒。,25. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. 考點(diǎn) equal相等的、平等的 考例 Fitness is important in sport, but of at least _ importance are skills. (天津 2006) A. fair B. reasonable C.

28、equal D. proper,點(diǎn)撥 本題考查形容詞作定語的用法。注意: but后的分句為倒裝句, 正常語序?yàn)?. but skills are of at least _ importance。實(shí)際上是把skills和fitness作對(duì)比，強(qiáng)調(diào)二者同等重要（equal importance）。句意為“雖然健康的體格是從事體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的重要條件，但是掌握技能至少也是同等重要的”。,a. 這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，包含一個(gè)原因狀語從句，同時(shí)在原因狀語從句中含有一個(gè)賓語從句。 b. 本句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主句（But I was happy to help） + 原因狀語從句（because I knew it wou

29、ld help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal）。 c. 原因狀語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語（I） + 謂語（knew） + 賓語從句（it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal）。,d. 賓語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語（it） + 謂語（would help） + 賓語（us） + 賓語補(bǔ)足語（achieve our dream of making black and white people equal）。 e. m

30、aking black and white people equal作介詞of的賓語；equal作black and white people的賓語補(bǔ)足語。,仿寫 _ _ _ （我很難過，因?yàn)槲矣X得無論我多么努力，我們的友誼都不可能再繼續(xù)下去了。）,I am so sorry because I think we will never be able to continue our friendship no matter how hard I try.,26. in trouble處于困境 閱讀下列句子，注意trouble短語的意思 及用法。 1. If you dont try to do

31、 your homework yourself, you will be in trouble. 2. Do you have any trouble (in) writing the article? 3. Dont ask for trouble until trouble troubles you.,4. Its very kind of you to take the trouble to help me. 5. If you make trouble again, Ill send you home.,be in trouble表示“處于困境”（句1）； have trouble (

32、in) doing sth. 的意思是： _（句2）； ask for trouble表示“自找麻煩”（句3）； take the trouble to do sth.表示“不辭勞苦地做某事”（句4）； _ 表示“制造麻煩”（句5）。,make trouble,做某事有困難,用以上所講短語的適當(dāng)形式完成句子。 1. Some of our classmates always talk or _ in class. 2. Do you _ learning English? 3. Youre very kind to _ answer the question. 4. Do as youre t

33、old, or youll be _. 5. Driving after drinking wine is _.,make trouble,have trouble in,take the trouble to,in trouble,asking for trouble,27. be willing to do sth. 愿意干某事,willing adj. 愿意的, 樂意的 They are willing to come. 他們?cè)敢鈦怼?28. turn to 求助于;轉(zhuǎn)向,We can turn to him for help. 我們可以求助于他。,turn to還可以相當(dāng)于一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)

34、詞，意為“努力干，加勁干”。 拓展 常見的含turn的其他短語： turn down 拒不接受; 把(音量等)調(diào)低 turn off 關(guān)上 turn on 打開 turn up 出現(xiàn),從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 1. I always _ Frank whenever I am in trouble here. A. turn offB. turn to C. turn downD. turn on 2. He was poor but proud, and _ every offer of help. A. turned on B. turned to C.

35、turned off D. turned down,B,D,3. Father is sleeping in the next room. Would you please _ the radio? A. turn off B. turn to C. turn up D. turn on,A,I. 根據(jù)下列各句句意以及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出所缺單詞的正確形式。 1. You have to study for a long time to become a l_. 2. The f_ is $50 for a six-week art class. 3. What the compa

36、ny has done is perfectly l_.,lawyer,fee,練習(xí),legal,4. The local schools formed a football l_. 5. Its a good move at this _ (階段) in his career. 6. There is too much _ (暴力) on TV these days.,league,stage,violence,7. They believe that all work is of _ (相等的) value. 8. In 1918 British women got the right to _ (投票). 9. The report _ (抨擊) the idea