1、冠詞的用法,THE ARTICLE,冠詞的用法：,冠詞,定冠詞,不定冠詞,(Definite Article),(Indefinite Article),(Article),1.定冠詞的基本用法,1）定冠詞的特指用法,定冠詞的特指用法通常都是確定的特指，比如 重提上文提到過(guò)的人或物時(shí)，要用定冠詞：,I saw a girl and an old man in the house. The old man must be the girls grand-father.,2)在名詞詞組中，如果名詞之后帶有限制性定語(yǔ)或其前帶有最高級(jí)形容詞，要用定冠詞：,Is this the train for S

2、hanghai?,The flowers in her garden smell fragrant.,Here is the letter to be posted.,This is the most interesting book I have ever read.,3)當(dāng)講到說(shuō)話人和聽(tīng)話人都知道的人或物時(shí)，要用定冠詞：,Im just back from the market.,Has the postman been here?,4)當(dāng)名詞前帶有first, next, last, same, only 等表示獨(dú)特含義的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用定冠詞：,When is the next fligh

3、t to Beijing.,He is always the first to come and the last to leave.,This is the only copy I have ever collected.,2.定冠詞的類(lèi)指用法,1）用“定冠詞+單數(shù)名詞” 可泛指同一類(lèi)的人和物：,The tiger and the cat belong to the same family of mammals.,The book is used for the teacher, not for the student.,2)“用定冠+表示國(guó)籍的形容 詞”可泛指整個(gè)民族或國(guó)人。,The Ch

4、inese are a great, hardworking, and bravery people.,3.定冠詞的其他用法,1）在表示某些獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物時(shí)，要用定冠詞：,the sun, the moon, the earth, the northern pole, the equator,2）在表示海洋，江河，湖泊，群島，山脈，沙漠，海峽等的專(zhuān)有名詞前，要用定冠詞 。,The Sahara, the Atlantic, the Changjiang river,3)在樂(lè)器名稱(chēng)前，要用定冠詞,Tom played the piano and I played the violin.,4)在表

5、示某一家人的專(zhuān)有名詞前，要用定冠詞。,The Browns have arrived.,5)用在人體部位名詞前。 He seized me by the arm.,(hit/strike/beat) + sb. +in /on + the +部位 I hit Tom on the nose / shoulder /head. He struck the thief in the eyes / face.,(pull/seize/lead/catch) + sb. + by + the + 部位 She led the cow by the nose. I seized her by the h

6、and/hair.,2.不定冠詞(a, an)的基本用法,1）不定冠詞的類(lèi)指用法,不定冠詞與單數(shù)名詞搭配可泛指一類(lèi)的任何物，即指同類(lèi)的人或物中的任何一個(gè)。,A car must be insured. A horse is a useful animal.,2)不定冠詞的指量用法,不定冠詞在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中有“一個(gè)”的含義，屬于指量用法：,I will be back in a day or two.,3.零冠詞的用法,“零冠詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞”可用于非確定特指。,There are people waiting to come in.,He brought us information ab

7、out the accident.,Pencils, pens, and pieces of paper were spread all over the table.,*零冠詞也可與表示家庭成員的單數(shù)名詞搭配作確定特指。,Mary asked “Why is Father out of work?,*在表示餐食，交通工具 ，通訊工具的名詞之前，通常用零冠詞。,After lunch I usually take a nap.,I usually travel by train, not by air,He sent the message not by post, but by radio.

8、,*在表示四季，年月，周日，時(shí)間的名詞之前，通常用零冠詞。,Spring has come around again.,On Sunday I usually take my children to the park.,In February, it is already very warm in Hainan.,He worked by day and studied by night.,*零冠詞還用于以下場(chǎng)合：,go to school, go to hospital, go to work, go to church, go to town, play football, play br

9、idge, play chess, in hospital, at work, in prison, in town , in bed, in danger of, on board,學(xué)科，球類(lèi)和棋類(lèi)名詞前不用冠詞。 Do you have Chinese? I like playing basketball/chess.,有無(wú)a/an和the的差異,1. in front of 在（外）的前面 in the front of 在（內(nèi)）的前面 Theres a garden in front of the classroom. Theres a blackboard in the front

10、of the classroom. 2. in charge of 掌管；負(fù)責(zé) in the charge of 在負(fù)責(zé)之下 An experienced worker is in charge of the project. The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.,3. at table 在用飯；吃飯時(shí) at the table 在桌旁 He seldom talks at table. They sat at the table, talking and laughing. 4. by day 白天；日間 by the

11、day 按日計(jì) He works in an office by day. Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.,5. in words 用言語(yǔ) in a word 總之 Please express your thought in words. In a word, I dont trust you. 6. a most interesting 非常有趣的 the most interesting 最有趣的（形容詞的最高級(jí)） This is a most interesting story. This is the most in

12、teresting story of the three.,7. a doctor and nurse 一位醫(yī)生兼護(hù)士 a doctor and a nurse 一位醫(yī)生和一位護(hù)士 A doctor and nurse is standing there. A doctor and a nurse are standing there. 8. a number of 許多；好些 the number of （的）數(shù)目 A number of students are in the classroom. The number of students in the classroom is for

13、ty.,特殊用法 （考試重點(diǎn)）,1.三餐飯前有形容詞修飾時(shí)可接a/an。 We just had a big supper. 我們剛剛吃了一頓豐盛的晚餐。,2.季節(jié)，月份若有定語(yǔ)修飾，要加“the”。 The story happed in the spring of 1945.故事發(fā)生在1945年的春天。,3.在不可數(shù)名詞前加a/an 表“一陣”，“一場(chǎng)”，“一種”等。 Physics is a science. 物理是一門(mén)科學(xué)。 A knock of the door was heard. 聽(tīng)到一陣敲門(mén)聲。 a strong wind （一陣大風(fēng)） a slight rain （一場(chǎng)小雨）,4. 某些抽象名詞前加 a/an 表“一件具體的事”。 What a pleasant surprise it is! 這是一件多么令人驚呀的事！ The meeting is a failure.,5.上下文中出現(xiàn)同一名詞，但各有所指 ，名詞前都用a/an。 -Have you seen a cat? -Is it a black one?,6.在序數(shù)詞加a/an 表”又