1、Unit 1 Ways of Learning,Text A Learning, Chinese-style,A Survey,Do you agree with the following statements?,Play is the best way to learn. Children develop life skills best through formal programs. Children are naturally curious, inspired, motivated learners, but sometimes the enjoyment of learning

2、can get lost in the pressure to “succeed” in formal education. Parents are the most important instructors to the children, so they should give as much guidance as possible.,Warm-up Activity (I),Two children are given two hula hoops, a toy they are unfamiliar with.,Mary is given a hula hoop with inst

3、ructions on how to use it.,Jack is given a hula hoop with no instructions.,What kind of outcomes do you expect?,Warm-up Activity (I),Possible outcomes:,Mary learns to keep the hula hoop in motion by moving her body in certain ways.,Jack explores the hoop and discovers its big enough to step through.

4、 He then balances the hoop between two objects and practices kicking a ball through the hoop.,How do you comment on these two outcomes?,Warm-up Activity (I),Both outcomes are good.,Mary, because she followed the directions given, learnt a useful play skill.,Jack, on the other hand, had the experienc

5、e of exploring and discovering an item he was unfamiliar with, and used his hoop in a different, but equally playful way.,Which one do you think is better in developing creativity?,Warming-up (II),Suppose you were a parent, what would you do on the following occasion?,When you saw a 2-year-old baby

6、falling before you and crying.,What an American parent would probably do on the above occasion?,Questions to Consider,As far as you are concerned, what are the differences in child education between China and America? Give more examples.,Different ways of teaching children between Chinese and Americ

7、ans,Give Priority to Skills,Give Priority to creativity,Teach by holding ones hand, shaping and modeling.,Teach a child to rely on himself to solve problems.,Topic: Cultural Differences between China and the U.S.,VS,Life style,Individualism:,Collectivism:,Self-reliance/ Self-promotion/ independence,

8、Two heads are better than one. Sacrifice for the greater good.,Leadership,American Dream,Hierarchy,Equality, Liberty,Confucianism,Melting Pot,Chinese: emphasize the family emphasize the order, discipline require the individuals fit into the group American: emphasize the individual ( I ) purse the in

9、dividual rights maximal individual potential,Howard Gardner,Howard Gardner (July 11, 1943 - ): American Psychologist and Educator, professor of education at Harvard University,1.What does the text begin with?,2.What are his thoughts mainly about?,3.What kind of end winds up the text?,Text Organizati

10、on (P10),1. The text begins with an anecdote / incident. 2. His thought are mainly about different approaches to learning in China and the West. 3. The end winds up the text with a suggestion in the form of a question.,Part 1 : Please read paragraph 1 to 5 carefully. (5 minutes),Jinling Hotel, Lobby

11、,room key attached to a large plastic block with a number on it,A box with a slot,Questions about para. 1 - 5,Where and when did the incident take place? Who are the main characters in this incident?,Part 1: Paras. 1-5,True or false Benjamin was worried that he couldnt put the key into the box. In t

12、he Chinese staffs opinion, the parents should guide Benjamin to insert the key.,Paras. 1-5,1. How does the author introduce the topic in Text A? The anecdote.,key-slot,Ways of Introducing a Theme,Stating the topic directly Posing a question Quoting a famous saying Relating an anecdote or an incident

13、,Paras. 1-5,2. Sum up the contrast between the attitude of the couple and that of the hotel staff toward Benjamins efforts in inserting the key into the slot. 1) The couple: let him and_ himself. 2) The hotel staff: held his_and _him how to insert the key correctly.,explore,enjoy,hand,taught,Languag

14、e Points in Part 1,attach find ones way phenomenon initial assist insert,somewhat await on occasion neglect relevant throw light on,attach vt fasten or join (one thing to another) attach A to B B be attached to A A price tag was attached to each article in the supermarket. Do you attach much importa

15、nce to what he says? Syn: fasten Opp: detach n. attachment: Please see the attachment of my email.,find ones way arrive or get somewhere 雖然他醉了，但還是找回了家。 Although he was drunk, he still found his way home.,phenomenon n. happening, occasion, event (pl. phenomena) natural phenomena,Polar light is a beau

16、tiful natural phenomenon.,initial adj. at the beginning; first The initial talks were the base of the later agreement.,the initial letter of a word,assist v. (formal) help, support (n. assistance, assistant) assist sb to do sth; assist sb with sth, assist sb in (doing) sth. eg. assist sb to fill in

17、the forms assist sb with assist sb in,form-filling,filling in the forms,await vt. wait for e.g. He was anxiously awaiting her reply. He was anxiously her reply.,waiting for,on occasion now and then, occasionally, once in a while, at times, from time to time 有時，間或 Eg. You have on occasion surprised p

18、eople. occasion n. a particular time when sth. happens on the occasion of 在之際 on the occasion of sbs wedding,neglect vt Give too little attention or care to 1.廢寢忘食 neglect ones meals and sleep 2.離開時別忘了鎖門。 Dont neglect to lock the door when you leave.,neglect, ignore worth wanting This street is a ve

19、ry location for a large department store. It is most desirable that he should attend the conference. opp: undesirable desirable vs desired,desirable,accomplish vt. manage to do (sth) She has accomplished a great deal in the last few years. accomplish ones object/goal/task/mission,in due course at th

20、e proper time Be patient. Youll get your promotion in due course. due a. expected The final results of the experiment are due on December 9. due to prep. because of He was absent from class due to illness.,critical a. 1) very important A second income is the familys well-being. Syn. crucial, importa

21、nt a critical decision; a critical moment,critical to,2) very serious or dangerous a critical shortage of food a critical condition a critical illness He is still in hospital.,in a critical condition,3. But the critical point was that, in the process, we were trying to teach Benjamin that one can so

22、lve a problem effectively by oneself. 但關(guān)鍵在于，在這個過程中，我們試圖讓本杰明懂得，一個人是能夠很好地自行解決問題的。,principal a. main; chief the principal food of Indians Our principal problem is lack of time. a principal value of child rearing n. someone who is in charge the school/ university principal,Principal compensate for The t

23、eam will be anxious to make up for a disappointing start to the season. I didnt travel much when I was younger, but Im certainly making up for lost time now.,Grammatical Structures,whether it(he) beor -whether it be placing a key in a key slot, drawing a hen or making up for a misdeed (line 52-53) b

24、e-型虛擬的一種，意為“不管（不論）是還是”，表示讓步，其省略結(jié)構(gòu)為be it, be he or等，必須倒裝。如： Whether she be right or wrong, she will have my unswerving support. Ex. Every day he takes a walk in the park in the evening, _（不論陰天還是晴天）.,whether it be fine or raining,in retrospect upon reflection There are some things that you only become

25、 totally conscious of . In retrospect, what I have done is clearly absurd.,in retrospect,4. In retrospect, it became clear to me that this incident was indeed key and key in more than one sense. 回想起來，當(dāng)時我就清楚地意識到，這件事正是體現(xiàn)了問題的關(guān)鍵之所在而且不僅僅是一種意義上的關(guān)鍵之所在.,come to the/somebodys rescue a) A lifeboat came to the

26、 yachtsmans rescue. b) Carols brother came to the rescue and sent her $1000.,救援,解圍,extreme n. either end of anything 走極端 adj. most remote; very great, severe, drastic, extending far beyond the norm 極刑 處在極度痛苦中,go to extremes,extreme penalty,in extreme pain,facility n. 1) ability to do sth. easily and

27、 well have great learning languages 2) (pl) equipment, aids, etc. which make easy to do things sports facilities entertainment facilities facilitate v. make easy Modern inventions have facilitated housework.,facility in,so much so that: to such an extent 一些父母寵愛他們的孩子，以至于從未要求他們做過家務(wù)活。 Some parents spoi

28、l their children, so much so that they never ask them to do any housework.,I came to realize that these Chinese were not just molding and shaping Benjamins performance in any old manner: In the best Chinese tradition, they were ba zhe shou jiao- “teaching by holding his hand”- so much so that he wou

29、ld happily come back for more. Translate this sentence. 我逐漸認(rèn)識到，這些中國人不是簡單地以一種陳舊的方式塑造、引導(dǎo)本杰明的行為：他們是在恪守中國傳統(tǒng)，把著手教，教得本杰明自己會愉快地要求再來一次。,Continual 從發(fā)展而來 Some people believe that we evolved _ the apes.,from,summarize v. -ize 動詞后綴. 1) 與名詞結(jié)合,構(gòu)成動詞,表示與原名詞詞義有關(guān)的動作 apologize characterize criticize memorize emphasize

30、 revolutionize 2) 或者與表示狀況或者情況的名詞/形容詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成動詞,描述使原詞提及的狀態(tài)或情況得以實(shí)現(xiàn)而采用的方式 modernize sterilize standardize,contrast v. compare (two people or things) so that differences are made clear contrast A with/and B In her speech she contrasted the governments optimistic promises with its disappointing achievements.

31、 n. difference between things compared sharp/striking/startling/strong contrast,harbor n. place of shelter for ships All the ships stayed in the harbor during the storm. vt. keep (sth) secretly in ones mind 懷有 He might be harboring thoughts of revenge.,5. The contrast between our two cultures can al

32、so be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. 我們兩種文化的差異也可以從我們各自所懷的憂慮中顯示出來。,on the one handon the other hand to introduce two contrasting circumstances Id like to eat out, but I should be trying to save money.,on the other hand,promote vt. help to grow or develop make new efforts to promote the wo

33、rld peace promote economic growth,emerge vi. come out (from water etc) Eventually the truth of the matter emerged. 我的腦海里浮現(xiàn)出一個極妙的想法。 A wonderful idea emerged in my mind.,emergence arrange to meet (someone) esp. for a journey 3) to be able to receive (something such as electricity, sound waves, etc.)

34、with a machine 4) (not fml) to learn (sth such as information), often informally or by chance 5) improve,pick up,Trade has been picking up again since the winter I will pick you up at your place at 8. The searchers at last picked up a signal from the crashed plane. He can only have picked up such ex

35、cellent English by living in the country for some years.,Part 3: Para 14,There are many ways to conclude an essay. How does the author end this text? ( ) A) Restating the main points previously mentioned. B) Proposing a solution. C) Quoting from some books or people. D) Predicting future development

36、s. E) Making a suggestion in the form of a question.,E,Language Points in Part 3,assuming (that) valid worthwhile superior,Assuming (that): if, 假設(shè) 假設(shè)我們都以這種速度工作，這個項(xiàng)目下月就能完成了。 Assuming that we all work at this rate, this project should be finished next month.,assuming (that ) By assuming that the contr

37、ast I have developed is valid, and that (line 98-102) 表假定（表示真實(shí)條件，其從句謂語動詞用陳述語氣），有時表讓步 。如： Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? Cf. suppose/supposing that 表“如果，假如”。可用于虛擬語氣和陳述語氣。 Suppose (that) you had one million dollars, what would you do? （虛擬語氣） Ex. _ _ (就算這是真的), youre still wrong.,Assuming

38、 that it is true,valid adj 1) 有充分證據(jù)的, 正當(dāng)?shù)?They have valid reasons for refusing to do it. 2) (法律)有效的 The license is valid for three months.,worthwhile adj. worth doing; worth the trouble taken Here is some worthwhile advice to any young businessman.,worthwhile adj. worth doing, worth the trouble take

39、n值得（花時間和精力）的: Its worthwhile reading the novel. Or: Reading the novel is worthwhile. It is worthwhile to consider the plan. Or: To consider the plan is worthwhile. 護(hù)理工作是很值得干的職業(yè). Nursing is a very worthwhile career.,Cf. worth, worthy worth: giving or likely to give a satisfactory or rewarding return

40、for (doing sth) The book is worth reading. Its worthwhile reading the book. Its not worth the trouble. worthy: 作表語 deserving sth or to do sth 應(yīng)得某事物; 值得某事 【 of sth/being done】【to do sth/ to be done】: The book is worthy of careful study/being studied carefully. 作定語 a worthy cause 崇高的事業(yè),Ex. 填空 Her achi

41、evements are _ of the highest praise. It is a _ job. It isnt _ waiting for him. 改錯： F: The place is not worth visiting it. T: The place is not worth visiting. F: The place is worthwhile visiting. T：Visiting the place is worthwhile.,worthy,worthwhile,worthwhile,superior adj. be better than average or

42、 than others of the same type be superior to be superior in The enemies were numbers. This carpet is far that one in quality. opp: inferior,superior in,superior to,Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between t

43、he poles of creativity and basic skills? Translate the sentence into Chinese. 我們能否從中美兩個極端中尋求一種更好的教育方式，它或許能在創(chuàng)造力與基本技能這兩極之間獲得某種較好的平衡? Do you think that we can find a better way to approach education, which strikes a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?,Summary,Main idea It w

44、ould be ideal if we can strike a balance between the Chinese and the Western learning styles. Structure of the text Introduction of the topic by a key-slot anecdote elaboration by comparison and contrast conclusion by a suggestion,Comparison and Contrast,Methods To examine one subject thoroughly and

45、 then start the other Part 1: Subject 1 (points 1, 2, 3) Part 2: Subject 2 (points 1, 2, 3) One-side-at-a-time method To examine two subjects at the same time, discussing them point by point Contrast of Subject 1 and Subject 2 in terms of Point 1 Contrast of Subject 1 and Subject 2 in terms of Point 2 Point-by-point method,Requirements,Have a general idea of different approaches to learn