1、,Reading 2,Getting along with others,Module 5 Unit 1,Language points,1. We have been best friends since primary school and spend almost every day with each other.(L2) We have been friends since childhood and play together in the school football team. (L3),since在這里是介詞，意為“從以來”。 當(dāng)句子中有since時(shí)，句子要用完成時(shí)。,4)

2、 It is +一段時(shí)間+ since從句 It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.,1. since +過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn) (如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)、1980, last month, half past six)。 I have been here since 1989.,2) since +一段時(shí)間+ ago I have been here since five months ago.,3) since +從句 Great changes have taken place since you left.,拓展：通常與完

3、成時(shí)態(tài)連用的短語有： so far, up to now, these days, In the past/ last+時(shí)間段。 He has translated five books so far.,2. I must have sounded very proud of myself after the test, saying loudly how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good mark. (L8),must have done 肯定做了， 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接完成式，表示“猜測”， 此事發(fā)生在過去。,. I must have so

4、unded very proud of myself after the test. (L 8),類似的結(jié)構(gòu)有：,1. “must+have+done” 表示對過去事情的肯定推測， 譯成“一定做過某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.,2.“cant+have+done” 表示對過去事情的否定推測， 譯成“不可能做過某事”。 Mr. Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.,3.“can+hav

5、e+done” 表示對過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句， 譯成“可能做過嗎？”。 There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?,4.“may+have+done” 表示對發(fā)生過的事情的推測，意思是“可能已經(jīng)”或“也許已經(jīng)”，用于肯定句中。 What has happened to George? I dont know. He may have got lost,5. “might+have+done” 表示對過去事情的推測，might與may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)中。 She might have achieved

6、 greater progress, if you had given her more chances.,6. “would+have+done” 虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的假設(shè)，意思是“本來會(huì)做”。 I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me.,7.“could+have+done” 是虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的假設(shè)， 意思是本來能夠做某事而沒有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.,10. “need+have+don

7、e” 表示本來需要做某事而沒有做。 “neednt+have+done”則表示“本來不需要做某事而做了”。 I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came. He need have hurried to the station. In that case, he wouldnt have missed the train.,8. “should+have+done” “本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒做。 ” “shouldnt+have+done”表示本來不應(yīng)該做某事， 而實(shí)際做了。含有指責(zé)對方或自責(zé)的含意。 The work shou

8、ld have been finished yesterday.,9. “ought to+have+done” 表示過去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際并沒有做，譯成“理應(yīng)做”，往往表示遺憾。 與“should+have+done”用法基本一樣。 I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 。,若指現(xiàn)在，則在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后直接加動(dòng)詞原形。 They should come back by now. 他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該回來了。 他可能在來這里的路上。 He may be on the way here.,考例 -The woman biologist stayed in Africa st

9、udying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. （NMET 05， 江蘇） -oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties! A. may go through C. ought to have gone through B. might go through D. must have gone through,點(diǎn)撥 根據(jù)題干中“studying wild animals for 13 years” 可判斷出一定遇到了許多困難。故選D。,現(xiàn)在分詞短語可在句中作狀語，表時(shí)間、結(jié)果、原因、伴隨、方式,His

10、parents died, _(leave) him an orphan. Not _(know) her phone number, he looked it up in the number book.,leaving,knowing,3. I pretended to be cheerful, but Hannah sensed(L12),The horse sensed danger and stopped. When I entered the kitchen, I immediately sensed there was something wrong. As soon as he

11、 saw her, he sensed that something had happened.,vt. 感覺到,come to ones senses 蘇醒 make sense 有道理；講得通 make sense of sth. 理解或弄懂某事物 sense of humor/achievement/happiness 幽默感、成就感，幸福感 當(dāng)我蘇醒過來時(shí)，我正躺在地板上。 這個(gè)句子講不通。 你能聽懂他的意思嗎？,When I came to my senses, I was lying on the floor.,The sentence makes no sense.,Can yo

12、u make sense of what he said?,n. 感覺，官能；觀念；道理；理智,4. I thought that Hannah must have told my classmates about my grade after promising not to.(L20) 當(dāng)下文不定式的內(nèi)容可承上文時(shí)，不定式的內(nèi)容常常省略,但to不可省。e.g. 1.小男孩想在街上騎車但他媽媽不同意。 The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. 2.我想知道你為什么不按講的

13、做呢？ I wonder why you didnt do as told to.,3.幫我照看小貓，介意嗎？一點(diǎn)也不介意，我很高興。 -Would you mind looking after my cat? -Not at all. Id be happy to. 當(dāng)下文不定式的內(nèi)容表達(dá)的是狀態(tài)，不定式to后需加be動(dòng)詞。 你哥哥是職業(yè)攝影師嗎？ 不，但他想當(dāng)。 -Is your brother a professional photographer? -No, but he hopes to be.,5. He got annoyed, saying it wasnt his fault

14、 if he couldnt play as well as me, and that I shouldnt talk to him in this manner.(L40) 句中現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。現(xiàn)在分詞 saying 后接了兩個(gè)賓語從句，其中第二個(gè) 從句的引導(dǎo)詞 that 通常不能省略。如： Jack said he loved music and that he would do anything to become a musician.,她告訴我們她現(xiàn)在正忙，等會(huì)兒將會(huì)幫我們。 She told us she was busy and that she would help us

15、later. 他允諾我他將會(huì)早點(diǎn)到家，并將會(huì)為我買些花。 He promised me he would be home early and that he would buy me some flowers.,6. and it turned into a horrible argument(L41),turn away 走開；轉(zhuǎn)過臉去 turn back 折回；翻回到 turn on開(電燈、收音機(jī)、自來水等) turn up向上；出現(xiàn)；扭大(燈、火)等 turn down扭小(燈、火等)；拒絕 turn off關(guān)掉(自來水、收音機(jī)、電燈等),turn in上交 turn to變成；請求

16、turn against背叛，反抗 turn over；翻身；使翻倒 turn out原來是 turn into 把變成,用turn相關(guān)詞組填空:,1. 30 people were expected but only 18 _. 2. - Was Granny unhappy at that time? - Yes, but everything _ all right at last. 3. Please _ the radio; there seems to be something important.,turned up,turned out,turn up,You can _ me

17、 for help when youre in trouble. Will you _ the TV a little? The baby is asleep. He asked Jane to marry him but she _ him _. _ your homework when you come to school tomorrow morning.,turn to,turned down,turned,down,Turn in,If the day _ wet, we may have to change our plans. When we heat the ice, it w

18、ill _ water. He tried to join the army but _ because of poor health.,turns out,turn into,was turned down,7. He accused me of some really bad things just to hurt me.(L42) accuse “指責(zé)，指控”，常用于 accuse sb. of sth. 如： Are you accusing me of lying?,accuse of 控告做某事；因而指責(zé) The police accused him of theft. 警察控告他偷盜。,cureof 醫(yī)好（疾?。?，使改掉（習(xí)慣等） He was cured of his habit of drink