1、,Unit 1 Grammar,Direct speech 直接引語 Indirect speech 間接引語.,直接引述別人的 話，要加引號,用自己的話轉述 別人的話，不用 引號,The boy said ,” Im reading a book.”,Direct speech 直接引語,The boy said (that) he was reading a book.,Reported speech 間接引語.,1 陳述句 直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，用連詞that引導（that在口語中常省略） 一般現(xiàn)在時 He said, “ I can do well in English

2、.” 現(xiàn)在進行時 He said, “Im writing a letter.” 一般將來時 Tom said to me “I will call you tomorrow”,一般過去時,過去進行時,過去將來時, He said that he could do well in English., He said that he was writing a letter.,Tom told me that he would call me the next day.,注： 如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，直接引語變間接引語時，從句的時態(tài)不變。 He says, “Im not good at math

3、. ”,He says that he is not good at math.,記?。?動詞時態(tài)的變化,記?。褐甘敬~、時間狀語、地點狀語和 動詞的變化,this,that,these,those,now,then,that day,today,yesterday,the day before,tomorrow,the next day,next week（month/year）,the next week(month/year),here,there,come,go,ago,before/earlier,注意： (1)如果在當天轉述today,yesterday, tomorrow 等時間

4、狀語也不必改變。 (2)如果在當地轉述，here 不必改為there，動詞come 不必改為go. (3)當轉述客觀真理時，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如：1.Hesaid ,“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth. He saidthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth. (4)為了表示引述的狀態(tài)和情況到現(xiàn)在仍然是事實時，也經常用一般現(xiàn)在時。 My teacher said, “Tom is a good student. ” My teacher said Tom is a good student.,I can speak three langu

5、ages.,He said he could speak three languages.,What did he say?,I am mad at Marcia.,He said he was mad at Marcia.,What did he say?,What did they say? They said they were having a party for Lana.,she was hard-working,I am hard- working.,What did she say?,She said,she was not lazy.,What did she say?,Sh

6、e said,I am not lazy.,he was good at playing basketball.,What did he say?,He said,Im good at playing basketball.,I am good at English.,She said she was good at English.,What did she say?,What did she say?,I do well in English.,She said she did well in English.,do well in,I do well in English.,I go t

7、o beach every Sunday.,What did he say? He said he_.,went to beach every Sunday,What did she say? She said she_.,would call me tomorrow,I will call you tomorrow.,將下列直接引語的句子改寫為間接引語: 1. Lana said, Im going to have a surprise party for Maria. Lana said that she was going to have a surprise party for Mar

8、ia.,2. The teacher said, My students are hard-working. The teacher said that his/ her students were hardworking. 3. Tom told Jane, I will lend my bicycle to you. Tom told Jane that he would lend his bicycle to her/Jane.,5.Shesaidtohim,“Itstime to go home.”,4.Mr.Wangsaid,“IwillleaveforShanghainextmon

9、th.”,Mr.WangsaidthathewouldleaveforShanghaithenextmonth.,Shetoldhimthatitwastime to go home.,2. 直接引語如果是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要 把疑問句語序改為陳述句語序。 1）一般疑問句。用whether或if(是否）引導。主句中的動詞是said時改為asked，沒有間接賓語的，可以加一個間接賓語me/him /her。 Eg. Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?” 疑問語序,Heasked mewhether /if Iwasastudent.,陳述語序,2) 特殊疑問句:由直接引語變?yōu)殚g

10、接引語時, 仍用原來的疑問詞引導.要把疑問句語序改為陳述句語序。 Eg.“Whereareyougoing?”Fatherasked hisson. Eg.The policeman asked the small boy, “Where do you live?”,The policeman asked the small boy where he lived.,Father asked his son where he was going,疑問語序,陳述語序,疑問語序,陳述語序,3. 當直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時,間接祈使句的引述動詞常用tell, ask, order, 等, 而把

11、直接引語的祈使句變成帶 (not) to的不定式短語。 句型： tell/ask/order sb (not)to do sth 如:,1 The teacher said to the students, “Stop talking.” 老師對學生們說: “不要講話了?！?The teacher told the students to stop talking. 老師讓學生們不要說話了。 2.The teacher said to us,”Dont play in class. The teacher told/asked us not to play in class.,change t

12、he direct speech into reported speech,1 The girl said,“I will have a party.” The girl said (that) she would have a party. 2 He asked me,“Is your father a doctor?” He asked me if /whether my father was a doctor. 3 The police asked the man ,“Where are you going?” The police asked the man where he was

13、going.,4 Mother said to Tom,“get up earlier!” Mother told/asked Tom to get up earlier. 5 The teacher said to us,“ Dont talk in class!” The teacher told /asked us not to talk in class. 6 The teacher said,“ The moon goes around the earth.” The teacher said(that) the moon goes around the earth.,1. “I a

14、m good at English ,” Lucy said. 2. “Li Lei is reading a book,” Peter said to Lucy. 3. “We will have a football match,” he told his mother.,Lucy said she was good at English.,Peter told Lucy that Li Lei was reading a book.,He told his mother they would have a football match .,二. 把下列句子變?yōu)殚g接引語。,4. “They

15、 go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday,” the boy said.,The boy said they went to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.,5. She asked me, Why do you want to do this? She asked me why I wanted to do that.,Exercise,1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat. 2. “Ive f

16、ound my wallet.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet. 3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her. 4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west. 5. “I met her yes

17、terday.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ met the day _. 6. “You must come here before five.” he said. He said that I _ to go _ before five. 7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said. He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.,he,ate,told,had,Found,his,she,had,taken,rise,goes,told,had,before

18、,had,before,had,there,8. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _ _ I had seen her the week _. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He _ Jim that he _ sit there 10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother _ _ _ found it. 11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked

19、 me _ _ _been _ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked _ _ knew where she _. 13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ making so much noise. 14. “Dont tell him the news.” she said. She told me _ _ him the news. 15. “Are you intested in this?” he s

20、aid. He _ _ I was interestd in _.,if,asked,told,before,she,could,where,how,had,i,had,those,lived,i,if,stop,to,told,to,not,asked,tell,if,that,改錯：,1.John said that he is going to London with his father. 2.He told me that he has taught English since he came here. 3.The teacher told me that I must pay m

21、ore attention to his pronunciation. 4.He said these books were his. 5.She said that she would go this evening 6.He said that he was washing his clothes now. 7.She told me that she was studying Japanese these days.,答案：,1.is - was 2.has - had 3.his - my 4.these - those 5.this - that 6.now - then 7.the

22、se - those,1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day,Exercise II,2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B

23、. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow,3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week,4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomo

24、rrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day,5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if w

25、e werethat,6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago,7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. h