1、Men and Animals,LOGO,Part 1,Part 1,Part 1,Word Association,Directions:Work in groups.Try to list as many animals as possible and write them on the chalkboard.,ant, antelope, bear, beaver, bee, bird, bull, butterfly, camel, cat, chicken, cod, cow, crab, crocodile, cuttlefish, deer, dog, dolphin, donk

2、ey, dragonfly, duck, eagle, eel, elephant, fish, fly, fox, frog, goat, goose, giraffe, hippo, horse, lion, lizard, mandarin duck, monkey, mosquito, mouse, mule, ostrich, owl, panda, parrot, peacock, paenuim, pig, pigeon, pony, rabbit, rat, rhino, salmon, scorpion, sea, lion, shark, sheep, shrimp, sk

3、unk, snail, snake, spider, squirrel, swallow, tiger, tortoise, turkey, turtle, weasel, whale, worm, zebra,Test Your Animal Knowledge,Text book P241-242,Part 2,Part 2,Words -when they are attacked or hurt -when they want to protect their young When they are put in certain situations: - in war -in sel

4、f-defense -when tjey are extremely angry -when they lack space and freedom.,Sentences-Studying,Normally one animal will only kill another for food, and rarely does an animal kill a member of its own species. (Line 6) 2. Only if hostility and aggression can be expressed in constructive activity and n

5、on-violent competition, will the human race be able to survive. (Line 61),Sentence Study,【例句】 Beijing has reiterated that under no circumstances will China use nuclear weapons first.,以上兩句都是部分倒裝（助動(dòng)詞提前，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞仍在主語(yǔ)之后）的句子。,2. It is not surprising if in these conditions people behave aggressively towards ea

6、ch other. (Line 31),Sentence Study,【句型】It is not surprising if sth. happens 如果發(fā)生了什么事，人們不會(huì)感到吃驚。 【例句】 (1) It is not surprising in Japan if a woman quits her job permanently after having a child.,Sentence Study,3. A tiger that once came out of the jungle into a village and attacked a man was later foun

7、d to have an injured paw that had evidently prevented it from hunting its usual prey. (Line 10) 【句型】此句中兩個(gè) that 從句都是定語(yǔ)從句。本文作者多用主從復(fù)合句來(lái)表達(dá)事物內(nèi)部錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的邏輯關(guān)系，體現(xiàn)了文章邏輯思維縝密的特點(diǎn)。 【譯文】有一只老虎從叢林跑到村莊來(lái)，襲擊了人。人們后來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)原來(lái)它的爪子受了傷，使它顯然不能像平時(shí)那樣去獵食。,4. Nevertheless, should a fight follow, neither creature will be badly hurt, for

8、the loser will save himself by making a gesture of submission.(line5),if a fight should follow,Had/were/should + subject +verb+,Had I not helped him (=if I had not helped him), he would have failed in business. Were she my daughter (= if she were my daughter), I could suggest a different plan. Shoul

9、d you need any help (=if you need any help) , you can always phone me at the office,5.In fact, it is growing more and more difficult for people to assert themselves as individuals, as towns, nations and organizations become steadily bigger, with authority increasingly centralized and remote. (line 4

10、0),“authority” is increasingly remote because in the case of enormous cities or vast organizations, people in power are not only far away geographically, but also surrounded by thousands of bureaucrats (官員).As a result, they are much more inaccessible (無(wú)法接近的).,實(shí)際上，人類(lèi)作為個(gè)體要想堅(jiān)持自己的權(quán)利和主張已經(jīng)越來(lái)越困難了，因?yàn)槌擎?zhèn)、國(guó)家以

11、及組織機(jī)構(gòu)變得越來(lái)越龐大，而權(quán)力則變得越發(fā)集中，越發(fā)遙遠(yuǎn)了。,6.Unable in these conditions to channel their aggression into creative work, people will probably express it through resentment and anger.(line 47),Translation,“channel into” means “to direct something into a particular place or situation,在這樣的條件下，人們無(wú)法將自己爭(zhēng)強(qiáng)好斗的特性發(fā)揮在創(chuàng)造性的工

12、作上，很可能就表現(xiàn)出怨恨、憤怒等情緒。,Words offensive; quarrelsome （指人或動(dòng)物）好斗的，挑釁性的，好爭(zhēng)吵的,Our military response to the aggressive act was limited but sufficient to show our determination.,Word Study,2. very determined to succeed or get what one wants 有進(jìn)取心的，有沖勁的,一個(gè)積極進(jìn)取的年輕人在這個(gè)公司是會(huì)大有作為的。,An aggressive young man can go far

13、 in this company.,adv. aggressively 好斗地；挑釁性地；好爭(zhēng)吵地 n. aggression 侵略；敵對(duì)的情緒或行為；攻擊 行動(dòng) aggressiveness 敵對(duì)情緒 n. aggressor (正式；貶義) 侵略者,請(qǐng)了解以下常見(jiàn)表達(dá)。,an aggression upon ones right,侵害某人的權(quán)利,commit aggression against,對(duì)進(jìn)行侵略,air aggression,侵犯領(lǐng)空; 空中侵襲,commercial / cultural / economic aggression,商業(yè)/文化/經(jīng)濟(jì)侵略,an aggressi

14、on on sb.s personal liberty,對(duì)某人人身自由的侵犯,territory (n.) (Line 3, Para. 1) 1) C; U land ruled by one government 領(lǐng)土；版圖 2) area regarded by a person, animal as belonging to it alone 地盤(pán)；領(lǐng)地 3) area of knowledge or activity (知識(shí)或活動(dòng)的)范圍，領(lǐng)域,請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。,Exercise,他的研究興趣甚廣。 His scientific interests _.,他們解放了被占領(lǐng)土。 Th

15、ey liberated _.,the occupied territories,cover a wide territory,inhabitant n. a person or animal that lives in a particular place 居民，住戶(hù),1) The inhabitants of the island were friendly. 2) His residence in the town enabled him to vote. 3) We joined the residents committee 4) They have taken up their r

16、esidence in a new house.,resident n. person who resides in a place (contrast with a visitor) 居民（與visitor相對(duì)）,Cf.,residence n. 1. residing 住，居留 2. place where one resides; house 住處，住宅,Complete the following sentences with the above words:,intrude (v.) (Line 3, Para. 1) ( + into, on, upon) bring or com

17、e in when not wanted 闖入；侵入；打擾,Exercise,如果他們很忙，我就不打擾他們了。 I dont want to _ them if they are busy.,intrude on,請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。,這一兒時(shí)回憶不時(shí)地闖入她的腦海。 The memory of her childhood _ _ her mind.,kept intruding itself,into,他總是把自己的意見(jiàn)強(qiáng)加于人。 He is always _ his opinion _others.,intruding,upon,intrusion (n.) 闖入；侵入；打擾,intrude

18、r (n.) 侵入者；闖入者,詞匯擴(kuò)充,intrusive (adj.) 闖入的；侵入的；打擾的,近義詞辨析,interfere 指干擾、妨礙別人的行動(dòng)或某事的進(jìn)行。常 用作貶義詞。,intrude 多指未經(jīng)允許而闖入或?qū)λ耸聞?wù)進(jìn)行干 涉。,interrupt 多用于指突然介入而使正在進(jìn)行的事情中 斷，也可表示阻斷、妨礙。,請(qǐng)選擇 intrude, interfere 或 interrupt 的適當(dāng)形式完成句子。,Exercise,一架不明國(guó)籍的軍用飛機(jī)侵入我國(guó) 領(lǐng)空。 An unidentified military plane _ the airspace of our country.

19、,敲門(mén)聲打斷了他的思考。 A knock at the door _ his concentration.,青年人不希望父母過(guò)多地干涉自己的事情。 Yong people dont want their parents to _ too much with their personal business.,interfere,intruded into,interrupted,submission (Line 6, Para. 1) submit (v.) 1) ( + to) yield oneself; agree to obey 服從；順從 2) ( + to) offer for co

20、nsideration 呈送；提交；,submission (n.) 1) 服從；順從 2) 呈送；提交；提出,submissive (adj.) 恭順的；歸順的,submissively (adv.) 恭順地；歸順地,T: Hi, boys and girls, how are you going to celebrate the New Years Day? S: Oh, Mr. Smith, were thinking about a masquerade (化妝舞會(huì)) party. T: That sounds great. But I am afraid you have to _

21、(提交計(jì)劃) to your administrator.,請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下模擬語(yǔ)境填空。,Exercise,學(xué)生提交新年晚會(huì)計(jì)劃,submit the plan,instinct n.,the natural tendency that a person or animal has to behave or react in a particular way 本能,Most animals have an instinct to protect their young.,2. a natural feeling that makes one choose to act in a particula

22、r way 直覺(jué),He had an instinct for picking the best.,instinct for Animals have a natural instinct for survival. instinct to do something Birds have an instinct to build nests. by instinct Birds build nests by instinct. somebodys first instinct (=what someone feels like doing first when something happen

23、s) His first instinct was to rush out of the trembling house,instinctive adj. 本能的，是一種本能 1) Animals have an instinctive dread of fire. 2) Climbing is instinctive in monkeys.,assert (v.) (Line 38, Para. 4) 1) (assert oneself) say clearly what you think 堅(jiān)持自己的想法、 權(quán)利、意見(jiàn) 2) state or declare forcefully 斷 言

24、，宣稱(chēng)，聲明,assertion (n.) ( + that ) a forceful statement or claim 斷言；強(qiáng)硬聲明,assertive (adj.) forceful; expressing strong opinions or claims 斷言的； 武斷的,請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。,Exercise,Dont be so shy. You need to learn to _. (堅(jiān)持自己的主張),The Consumer Association tried its best to _. (維護(hù)消費(fèi)者的權(quán)利),assert the consumers rights,as

25、sert yourself,He _ that he was not guilty. (一再聲明他的無(wú)辜),repeated his assertions,You couldnt fail to notice that _. (那個(gè)說(shuō)話(huà)武斷的青年人),assertive young man,Remote,A away from other places or people, and very few people go there They moved to a remote farmhouse in North Wales. Synonym: Isolated a long way from

26、 other towns, buildings, or people, especially in a quiet place where you are alone The area is extremely isolated because of the hills that surround it. Distant a long way from where you are How can we send our young men off to distant lands to die in foreign wars?,B if a chance or possibility of s

27、omething happening is remote, it is not very likely to happen synonym slight remote chance/possibility Theres a remote chance that you can catch him before he leaves .,Remote,Remote,C unfriendly, and not interested in people She was a remote, quiet woman.,turn to somebody/something,A to try to get help, advice, or sympathy from someone The Namibian government turned to South Africa for help. B to start to do or use something new, especially as a way of solving a prob