1、重點(diǎn)作品分析Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克貝利費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記,Author Mark Twain,Introduction,Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a book by Mark Twain. It is told in the first person by Huckleberry Huck Finn, a friend of Tom Sawyer and narrator of two other Twain novels. The book is noted for its colorful description

2、of people and places along the Mississippi River.,content,Summary,The novel opens with Huck telling his story. Briefly, he describes what he has experienced since, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, which preceded this novel. Huckleberry Finn is the main character, and through his eyes, the reader sees a

3、nd judges the South, its faults, and its redeeming qualities. Hucks companion Jim, a runaway slave, provides friendship and protection while the two journey along the Mississippi on their raft.,重點(diǎn)了解 SettingThe Mississippi River along Missouri, Illinois, and Arkansas sometime in the 1830s-40s.,The ad

4、ventures takes place roughly twenty years before the U.S. Civil War. Slavery is still legal, common, and socially accepted in the South. This is why Huck struggles so much with helping Jim escape everything he knows tells him this is wrong legally, morally, and socially. Its enough to drive a kid to

5、 three maybe even four moral crises en route. As far as the geographical setting goes, youre looking at river towns and the simple folk that live there. The people Huck encounters are for the most part uneducated, superstitious, kind, and hospitable, but thats just the novels environment.,Major Them

6、e,Conflict between civilization and natural life Honor Food Mockery of Religion Superstition Slavery Money Mississippi River,重點(diǎn)分析Conflict between civilization and natural life,The primary theme:Conflict between civilization and natural life Huck represents natural life through his freedom of spirit,

7、 uncivilized ways, and desire to escape from civilization. He was raised without any rules or discipline and has a strong resistance to anything that might sivilize him. This conflict is introduced in the first chapter through the efforts of the Widow Douglas: she tries to force Huck to wear new clo

8、thes, give up smoking, and learn the Bible.,Throughout the novel, Twain seems to suggest that the uncivilized way of life is more desirable and morally superior. Drawing on the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Twain suggests that civilization corrupts, rather than improves, human beings.,Honor,The th

9、eme of honor permeates the novel after first being introduced in the second chapter, where Tom Sawyer expresses his belief that there is a great deal of honor associated with thieving. Toms original robber band is paralleled later in the novel when Tom and Huck become true thieves, but honorable one

10、s, at the end of the novel. They resolve to steal Jim, freeing him from the bonds of slavery, which is an honorable act. Thus, the concept of honor and acting to earn it becomes a central theme in Hucks adventures.,Food,Food plays a prominent role in the novel. In Hucks childhood, he often fights pi

11、gs for food, and eats out of a barrel of odds and ends. Thus, providing Huck with food becomes a symbol of people caring for and protecting him. For example, in the first chapter, the Widow Douglas feeds Huck, and later on Jim becomes his symbolic caretaker, feeding and watching over him on Jacksons

12、 Island. Food is again discussed fairly prominently when Huck lives with the Grangerfords and the Wilkss.,Superstition,Superstition appears throughout the novel. Generally, both Huck and Jim are very rational characters, yet when they encounter anything slightly superstitious, irrationality takes ov

13、er. The power superstition holds over the two demonstrates that Huck and Jim are child-like despite their apparent maturity. In addition, superstition foreshadows the plot at several key junctions.,Mockery of Religion,A theme Twain focuses on quite heavily on in this novel is the mockery of religion

14、. Throughout his life, Twain was known for his attacks on organized religion. Huck Finns sarcastic character perfectly situates him to deride religion, representing Twains personal views.,Slavery,The theme of slavery is perhaps the most well known aspect of this novel. Considering this information,

15、it is easy to see that The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn provides an allegory to explain how and why slavery is wrong. Twain uses Jim, a main character and a slave, to demonstrate the humanity of slaves. Jim expresses the complicated human emotions and struggles with the path of his life.,Money,The

16、 concept of wealth or lack thereof is threaded throughout the novel, and highlights the disparity between the rich and poor. Huck demonstrates a relaxed attitude towards wealth, and because he has so much of it, does not view money as a necessity, but rather as a luxury. Hucks views regarding wealth

17、 clearly contrast with Jims. For Jim, who is on a quest to buy his family out of slavery, money is equivalent to freedom. In addition, wealth would allow him to raise his status in society. Thus, Jim is on a constant quest for wealth, whereas Huck remains apathetic.,Mississippi River,The majority of

18、 the plot takes place on the river or its banks. For Huck and Jim, the river represents freedom. On the raft, they are completely independent and determine their own courses of action. Jim looks forward to reaching the free states, and Huck is eager to escape his abusive, drunkard of a father and th

19、e civilization of Miss Watson. Originally, the river is a safe place for the two travelers, but it becomes increasingly dangerous as the realities of their runaway lives set in on Huck and Jim.,重要性分析The significance of the novel,The book marks the climax of Twains literary creativity. Hemingway once

20、 described the novel the one book from which “all modern American literature comes.” The book is significant in many ways.,First of all, the novel is written in a language that is totally different from the rhetorical language used by Emerson, Poe, and Melville. It is not grand, pompous, but simple,

21、 direct, lucid（淺顯易懂的）, and faithful to the colloquial speech. This unpretentious style of colloquialism is best described as “vernacular”. Speaking in vernacular, a wild and uneducated Huck, running away from civilization for his freedom, is vividly brought to life.,Secondly, the great strength of t

22、he book also comes from the shape given to it by the course of the rafts journey down the Mississippi as Huck and Jim seek their different kinds of freedom. Twain, who knew the river intimately, uses it here both realistically and symbolically.,Thirdly, the profound portrait of Huckleberry Finn is a

23、nother great contribution of the book to the legacy of American literature. The novel begins with a description of how Widow Douglas attempts to civilize Huck and ends with him deciding not to let it happen again at the hands of Aunt Sally.,人物特色分析Characterization,Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is be

24、st known for Mark Twains wonderful characterization of “Huck,” a typical American boy described as a boy with “a sound heart and a deformed conscience,” and remarkable for the rafts journey down the Mississippi river, which Twain used both realistically and symbolically to shape his book into an org

25、anic whole.,Through the eyes of Huck, the innocent and reluctant rebel, we see the pre-Civil War American society fully exposed and at the same time we are deeply impressed by Mark Twains thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.,Writing St

26、yle,The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is told from the first person point of view an only-partly-educated thirteen-year-old southern boy in the 1830s or 40s. As narrator, Huck describes the story in his natural, everyday voice, and he addresses his readers directly during his storytelling with a friendly, trusting attitude. Taking that into consideration along with Hucks age, education level, and social background Twains choice of a colloquial style makes perfect sense.,分析 picaresque novel 流浪漢小說,The picaresque