1、人教課標(biāo)版 高一 必修 4 Unit 3,Grammar,1. Look at the reading passage again to find words and expressions that mean the same.,Learning about language,perform,humour,astonish,bore,charm,entertain,fortunately,contentedly,humorously,astonishingly,boringly,charmingly,entertainingly,In the 1990s, Mr. Bean became a

2、 star using mime to highlight difficult social situations much as Charlie Chaplin had done. His method of acting was to appear _, look around and then do exactly the wrong thing. Children particularly would burst into _ at his behavior. He always managed to _ those things that people are,uncertain,l

3、aughter,pick out,2. Answer key for Exercise 2.,afraid of doing because they do not want to appear a social _. On one occasion in a restaurant he ordered a steak tartare. When the uncooked meat arrived he was _ by shame because he could not eat it. He _ a piece of meat and pretended to _ a mouthful b

4、ut instead put it into the plant pot beside him. He put other pieces into his pocket.,failure,overcome,cut off,chew,_ the meal he seemed to show great _in his food. He was such an _ performer that when he finished eating his dinner, the waiter offered him the same dish again at on extra _!,Throughou

5、t,enjoyment,outstanding,charge,動(dòng)名詞的形式,Revision,Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. Talking to him is talking to a wall. 2. Smoking may cause cancer.,對(duì)他說(shuō)話等于對(duì)牛彈琴。,吸煙會(huì)致癌。,-ing形式作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的用法,3. Walking is my sole exercise. 4. Talking mends no holes. 5. I suggest bringing the meeting to an en

6、d.,散步是我唯一的運(yùn)動(dòng)。,（諺）空談無(wú)濟(jì)于事。,我建議結(jié)束會(huì)議。,6. He admitted taking the money. 7. I couldnt help laughing. 8. Your coat needs brushing.,他承認(rèn)錢是他拿的。,我禁不住笑了起來(lái)。,你的大衣需要刷一下。,一. 作主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子有三種形式： 動(dòng)名詞直接置于句首主語(yǔ)的位置上。 1) 捉弄?jiǎng)e人是我們?nèi)f萬(wàn)不能干的. _ is something we should never do 2) 學(xué)習(xí)新單詞對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)非常重要。 _ is very important for me,Playing

7、 tricks on others,Learning new words,用形式主語(yǔ)it，把真正的主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)移置句尾。但這種句子形式有一定的限制，作表語(yǔ)的只能是某些形容詞或少數(shù)名詞，如useful，useless，good，fun；no use，worth等。如： 1) Its worth making the effort 這事值得去做。,2) 和夏洛克爭(zhēng)辯是沒(méi)有什么用的。 _ with Shylock 3) 想再解釋一次有好處嗎? _ 4) 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。 _,It is useless trying to argue,Is it any good trying to e

8、xplain?,It is pleasant working with you, 在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語(yǔ)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相當(dāng)于“It is impossible to do ” 如： 1) There is no hiding of evil but not to do it 若要人不知，除非己莫為。,2) 這種事開(kāi)不得玩笑。 Here is _ about such matter. 3) 無(wú)法知道他什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)。 There was _ when he would leave.,no joking,no knowing,常用-ing形式作主語(yǔ)的句型有： It +be +a waste

9、 of time doing 做是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的 It is/was no good/use doing 做是沒(méi)用處的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做是值得的,There is no sense in doing 做沒(méi)有道理 There is/was no use doing 干無(wú)意義 There is/was nothing worse than doing 沒(méi)有比更糟的 There is/was no point doing 干無(wú)意義,二. 動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)有兩種情況。一是有

10、些動(dòng)詞只能后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)；二是有些動(dòng)詞既可后接動(dòng)名詞也可后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)。 只能后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannot help，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannot stand等。如：,1) 我不能不去。 I cant avoid going 2) 你是否考慮過(guò)找一位摯友? Have you considered _ one special friend? 3) 我們必須設(shè)法避免犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。 We must try to _ th

11、e same mistake,looking for,avoid repeating,4) 晚飯后你想和我一起散步嗎? Do you _ with me after supper? 5)人們?nèi)滩蛔〕靶δ莻€(gè)愚蠢的人。 People _ foolish man 這類動(dòng)詞還有：excuse，fancy，give up，put off，risk等。,feel like having a walk,couldnt help laughing at that,既可接動(dòng)名詞又可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)的有：begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer，by，mean，forg

12、et，remember，hate等。 A. 在like，love，hate，prefer等動(dòng)詞之后，用-ing或不定式意義上沒(méi)有什么不同，只是側(cè)重點(diǎn)有些不同，動(dòng)名詞表示泛指的動(dòng)作，不定式表示具體的一次性動(dòng)作。,B. 在begin/start，continue之后，用動(dòng)名詞和不定式，意義無(wú)甚區(qū)別，尤其是當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人的時(shí)候。 C. 在動(dòng)詞forget，remember，regret之后，用動(dòng)名詞與不定式意義不同。動(dòng)名詞表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)發(fā)生，不定式表示后于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作，如：,I remember posting the letter 我記得我已把信寄了。 2) Ill remember to post t

13、he letter 我會(huì)記著去寄信的。 3) I shall never forget seeing the famous writer _,我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記見(jiàn)到過(guò)那位著名作家。,4) Dont forget to write to your mother _ 5) 我真后悔沒(méi)趕上那次報(bào)告會(huì)。 _ 6) 我遺憾地告訴你我不能接受你的建議。 _,不要忘了給你母親寫(xiě)信。,I regret missing the report,I regret to say I cant take your advice,D. 在try，mean之后，意義各不相同，如try to do (設(shè)法)，try doing

14、(試試)，mean to do (打算，有意要做)，mean doing (意思是，意味著)。如： 1) 我們必須設(shè)法及時(shí)把一切搞好。 We must try to get everything done in time,2) 我們用別的方法做這工作試試。 Lets try doing the working in some other way 3) I didnt mean to make you angry _ 4) Your plan would mean spending hours _,我并不想叫你生氣。,你的計(jì)劃意味著要花費(fèi)幾個(gè)小時(shí)。,E. go on doing 和 go on

15、to do go on doing 繼續(xù)做一直在做的事；go on to do 接著做另一件事。如： 1) 請(qǐng)接著做這同一個(gè)練習(xí)。 _ the same exercise 2) 請(qǐng)做另外一個(gè)練習(xí)。 _ the other exercise,Please go on doing,Please go on to do,F. stop doing與stop to do: stop doing 停止做，stop to do停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如： 1) 我們停止了交談。_ 2) 我們停了下來(lái)去談話。_,We stopped talking,We stopped to talk,一、-ing形式

16、作定語(yǔ) 1. 單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作定語(yǔ)位于被修飾名詞的前面，既可以表示被修飾者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修飾者的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料,-ing形式作定語(yǔ), 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的用法,drinking water = water for drinking 飲用水 a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖 a reading room = a room for reading 閱覽室 a writing desk = a desk for writing 寫(xiě)字臺(tái),

17、tiring music = music that is tiring 煩人的音樂(lè) a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一個(gè)驚人的結(jié)果 2. -ing形式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí), 放在所修飾的名詞之后, 并且在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：,They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他們住在一間面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peters father. = The man w

18、ho is standing there is Peters father. 站在那兒的那個(gè)人是彼得的父親。,Anybody swimming in this river will be fined. = Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined. 在這條河里游泳的任何一個(gè)人都會(huì)被罰款。,3. -ing形式短語(yǔ)也可以用作非限制定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)，它與句子其他部分用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。如： His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother,

19、who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他那個(gè)當(dāng)教師的哥哥住在北京。,The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 那棵蘋(píng)果樹(shù)碩果累累，在微風(fēng)中輕輕搖曳。,二、-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 1. 1) 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常放在賓語(yǔ)后面，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一

20、個(gè)過(guò)程或一種狀態(tài)。如： When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 當(dāng)我們回到學(xué)校時(shí), 發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人站在大門口。,We found the snake eating the eggs. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)蛇正在吃雞蛋。 I found a bag lying on the ground. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個(gè)包。 The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 那老板讓工人整夜地工作。,2）當(dāng)主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí), 原來(lái)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞

21、-ing形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如： They found the result very satisfying. = The result is found very satisfying. 這個(gè)結(jié)果很令人滿意。,They heard him singing in the next room. = He was heard singing in the next room. 有人聽(tīng)到他在隔壁房間唱歌。 We mustnt keep them waiting. = They mustnt be kept waiting. 千萬(wàn)不能讓他們等。,2. 能用-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的幾類動(dòng)詞: 1)

22、 表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如： We saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.,Can you smell anything burning? As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously. Listen to the birds singing. I didnt

23、notice him waiting. 2) 表示指使意義的動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：,I wont have you doing that. This set me thinking. Im sorry to have kept you waiting. I cant get the clock going again. You wont catch me doing that again. 你看吧，我決不會(huì)做那種事了。,3. see, hear, feel, watch等動(dòng)詞之后用-ing形式和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：

24、We passed by the classmates and saw the teacher making the experiment. 我們走過(guò)教室，看見(jiàn)老師在做實(shí)驗(yàn)。 （只在走過(guò)教室的剎那間，看見(jiàn)老師 正在做實(shí)驗(yàn)）, 前者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，而后者表示 （或強(qiáng)調(diào)）動(dòng)作從開(kāi)始到結(jié)束的全過(guò)程。如:,We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment. 我們坐了一個(gè)小時(shí)，看老師做實(shí)驗(yàn)。 （一個(gè)小時(shí)之內(nèi)一直在看老師作實(shí)驗(yàn)） 如果賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是短暫性動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)表示一次動(dòng)作， 而-ing形式則表示反復(fù)動(dòng)作。如： We hear

25、d the door slam. We heard the door slamming.,(反復(fù)動(dòng)作),(一次動(dòng)作),三、-ing形式作表語(yǔ) -ing形式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)放在系動(dòng)詞之后，用來(lái)泛指某種動(dòng)作或行為，以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)或情況。如： Her hobby is painting. 她的業(yè)余愛(ài)好是畫(huà)畫(huà)。 My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顧這些孩子。,His concern for his mother is most touching. 他對(duì)母親的關(guān)愛(ài)很感人。 She was very pleasing in her appearanc

26、e.,Point out the usage of the ing form. 1. Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin, bumping into someone else round a corner, or falling down a hole in the road? sliding, bumping, falling,作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),Exercises,2. He became famous for using a particular form of acting, including mime

27、and farce. using 作介詞for的 _ including作 _,賓語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ),3. But he was lived by all who watched the films for his determination in overcoming difficulties and being kind even when people were unkind to him. overcoming作_,介詞賓語(yǔ),4. That was the problem facing Charlie Chaplin in one of his most famous films. facing

28、 作_ 5. He loved it by using nonverbal humor. using 作_,定語(yǔ),介詞賓語(yǔ),6. Their job is “panning for gold”. panning 作_ 7. Finally he tries cutting and eating the bottom of the shoe. cutting, eating 作_,表語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),Explain the following phrases in simple English.,A bag for sleeping,A boy that is sleeping,A cup for dr

29、inking,A horse that is drinking,A hall for dancing,A girl that is dancing,A pot for cooking,A story that is moving,A machine for washing,A sound that is terrifying,A table for operating,A leader who is inspiring,Choose the suitable words from the box below and fill in the blanks in the correct form.

30、,1. I cant imagine Billy _ a motorbike.,riding,2. Did you hear the dog downstairs _ for most of the night? 3. Frank is very good at telling funny jokes. He can be very _. 4. You cant stop me _ what I want. 5. He gave me a _ hug when he met me at the airport.,barking,amusing,doing,welcoming,6. Jim ha

31、s really learnt very fast. She has made _ progress. 7. Its been raining all day. This weather is _. 8. When I came out of the theatre, I noticed a group of children _ musical instruments across the street.,astonishing,depressing,playing,Please read the sentences carefully, trying to pick out the err

32、ors and then correct them. 1. I am looking forward to visit Charlie Chaplin Museum in Switzerland next week.,visiting,2. Many people still enjoy seeing Charlie Chaplins silent films. 3. That cartoon picture shows Charlie Chaplin watch himself watching in a movie. 4. Charlies nonverbal humor often makes people bursting with laughter.,watching,burst,5. We are all fond of Charlies early films, which we think are more interested. 6. I m