1、Lesson13,Its only me,Happy Halloween,I Warm up,Do you think these pictures are beautiful? Are they frightening? What kind of party may this be? (The fancy-dress party.) What kind of festival may it be? (The Halloween. October 31, celebrated in the United States, Canada, and the British Isles by chil

2、dren going door to door while wearing costumes and begging treats and playing pranks.諸圣日前夕，萬圣節(jié)前夕10月31日，在美國、加拿大以及英倫諸島的孩子們穿著化裝服走家串戶接受款待并且做些惡作劇以慶祝這個節(jié)日),Halloween,Halloween is one of the worlds oldest holidays, celebrated in several countries around the world including the USA, Canada, England, Ireland,

3、 Scotland, Mexico, Latin America, and Spain. The Celtic peoples lived over 2,000 years ago In the place that is now Ireland, the United Kingdom, and Northern France. Halloweens origins date back to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain (sow-in). For the Celtic peoples, the New Year was celebrated o

4、n November 1st of every year. This date marked the end of Summer and the beginning of Winter. And this time of year often associated with human death.,Activities,They wear costumes. They play trick-o-treat. They play pinata. They watch scary movies. They visit haunted houses.,costume n. 化裝服 consistv

5、. 由組成 sheet n. effective adj. 有明顯效果的，有作用的 comfortable adj. 舒適的,storeroom n. 儲藏室electricity n. 電 metre n. 電表 pace n. 一步 flee v. 逃走 slam v. 砰地關(guān)上,II New words reside or lie 在于或存在, 有一個基礎(chǔ) Phrase: consist in eg. The beauty of the artists style consists in its simplicity. 這位藝術(shù)家的風(fēng)格上的美在于它的簡樸 The beauty of th

6、e plan consists in its simplicity. 這個計劃妙就妙在簡明扼要。 (3) to be compatible; accord 調(diào)和的；符合： Phrase: consist with eg. The information consists with her account. 這消息與她的描述是一致的 Theory should consist with practice. 理論應(yīng)與實踐相一致。,2. comprise, compose, constitute,表示“組成”的意思還可以用comprise, be composed of,constitute。 co

7、mprise v. (1) to consist of; be composed of ; to include or contain 由構(gòu)成/組成 ; 包含, 包括 (fml.) e.g. The committee comprises five persons. 該委員會由五人組成。 The union comprises (is comprised of ) 50 states. 聯(lián)邦 由 50個州 組成 The house comprises ten rooms. (2) to compose; constitute 組成；構(gòu)成 (infml.) e.g. Fifty states c

8、omprise the Union. 50個州組成聯(lián)邦。 Twenty chapters comprise Book One. 第一卷有二十章。,compose vt. to make up the constituent parts of; constitute or form (由各部分) 組成, 構(gòu)成, 形成 Body is composed of parts. / Parts compose body. e.g. England, Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. 英格蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士構(gòu)成大不列顛島。 Co

9、ncrete is composed of cement, sand and gravel mixed with water. 混凝土由水泥、砂、石子與水摻和而構(gòu)成。 Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氫和氧組成的。,2. comprise, compose, constitute,constitute vt. to be the elements or parts of; compose 構(gòu)成(的部分或成分)；組成 Parts constitute body. Body is constituted of parts. e.g. Sev

10、en days constitute a week. Twelve months constitute a year. 七天構(gòu)成一個星期。十二個月構(gòu)成一年。 England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland constitute the United kingdom. =The United kingdom is constituted of England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland . 英格蘭、威爾士、蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭組成聯(lián)合王國。 Correct grammar and sentence str

11、ucture do not in themselves constitute good writing. 正確的語法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)本身并不能構(gòu)成一篇好文章。,2. comprise, compose, constitute,3. effective,effective adj. (usu. of things, sometimes of people) having an intended or expected effect; operative; in effect （多指物，偶爾指人）有效的,具有預(yù)期或先見效果的; 有效的實施中；生效的 e.g. an effective method 有效

12、方法 an effective leader 一位得力領(lǐng)導(dǎo) take effective measures 采取有效措施 After the government had taken some effective measures, prices began to level off. 政府采取了一些有效措施后,物價開始穩(wěn)定了。 The law is effective immediately. 這項法律立即生效。 The medicine is an effective cure for a headache. 這種藥治頭痛有很好的療效。,3. effective,近義詞：efficient

13、 efficient adj. (of people) able to work well, capable（指人）高效的, 能勝任的，有能力的 （esp. of tools, machines, systems, etc.) exhibiting a high ratio of output to input （尤指工具、機器、系統(tǒng)等）有效力的，功效大的，產(chǎn)出與投入比值高的 e.g. an efficient secretary 能干的秘書 an efficient manager 稱職的經(jīng)理 efficient methods 經(jīng)濟而有效的方法 This new copy machine

14、is more efficient than the old one. 這臺新復(fù)印機比那臺舊的效率高。,4. comfortable,comfortable adj. 舒適的,舒服的反義詞：uncomfortable 同根詞：comfort n. 舒適 adj. 安慰 e.g. take comfort in be of good comfort放心，振作起來 cold comfort不起作用的安慰 comfort station公共廁所 discomfort n. 不舒適, 不安, 不方便, vt.使不舒服(不安), 使苦惱, 使不便 e.g. In spite of discomforts

15、 he is determined to stay here. she was discomforted by a bad cold.,5. flee,flee (fled fled) vt. vi. (1) to run away (from), as from trouble or danger: (從)逃跑, 從困難或險境中逃跑 eg. The driver fled the scene of the accident. 司機從肇事地點逃跑了。 The enemy fled in disorder. 敵人潰逃了。 The prisoner fled from the prison int

16、o the night. 囚犯從監(jiān)獄逃到茫茫黑夜中。 The cat fled from the dog. 貓從狗那里逃走了。 (2) To pass swiftly away; vanish 飛逝, 迅速消失；消亡, 消散 eg. Color fled from her cheeks. 紅暈從她的雙頰上消失了。,5. flee,近義詞：escape vt. vi. (1) to break loose from confinement; get free (from); tTo avoid capture, danger, or harm逃走，逃脫監(jiān)禁；得到自由; 逃避, 逃脫捕獲、危險或傷

17、害 e.g. He narrowly escaped death. 他九死一生。 Nothing escaped his attention. 什么也逃不過他的注意 。 Ten prisoners had escaped (from the prison). 十個罪犯越獄而逃。 (2) to issue from confinement or an enclosure; leak or seep out漏出,滲漏或泄露,從限制和環(huán)繞中流出來，(不自覺地）由發(fā)出： e.g. Gas was escaping. 煤氣漏出來。 A sigh escaped my lips. 我不禁嘆了口氣。,6.

18、slam,slam vt. vi. (1) bang, to shut with force and loud noise 砰然關(guān)上, 用力關(guān)并發(fā)出很大的聲音 eg. He slammed the door.他砰地一下關(guān)上了門。 The door slammed. (2) to put, throw, or otherwise forcefully move so as to produce a loud noise 猛力投擲，猛力放置為了弄出很大的聲音而放、扔或做其它有力的運動 eg. He slammed the book on the desk. 他呼的一下把書扔到了桌子上。 (3) t

19、o hit or strike with great force 用力打擊用極大的力打或擊 eg. The car slammed into a truck. 那輛小轎車撞到了一輛卡車上。,Text Study,1. She was too excited to do any housework that morning, for in the evening she would be going to a fancy dress party with her husband.,(1) tooto太 而不能 不定式to, 在大部分情況下，表示否定概念。 not / never too to ：

20、并不太 所以能夠 e.g. One is never too old to learn.活到老，學(xué)到老 The question is not too difficult for me to answer. (2) 在一些動詞后，如learn, find, see, hear, be told 可用不定式作結(jié)果狀語。 e.g. He lived to see his inventions come to success. He woke up to find everyone gone.,在不定式前加only，表示意想不到的，出乎意料的結(jié)果. e.g. He hurried to the po

21、st office only to find it was shut (closed). He went to his house only to find him out. 如果在副詞 too 前發(fā)現(xiàn)修飾語 all, but only, 不定式to 的概念也是肯定的。 e.g. They are all too satisfied to work with you. 他們都非常滿意很想和你一起工作 I am only too glad to have someone to speak to. 我太高興了，很想找個人說話 He was but too eager to get home.他太急

22、于要回家了。,2. She intended to dress up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she was impatient to try it on.,(1) “and” connects a compound statement; in the latter clause the second “as” introduces an adverbial clause of reason. “and”連接并列句，并列句的后一個分句內(nèi)又出現(xiàn)了第二個“as”引起的原因狀語從句。 (2) inten

23、d to do sth: plan to do or mean to do打算做某事，想要做某事 e.g. I intend to go home now. We intended to attend the exhibition, but couldnt rent the booth. I intended to telephone you, but I was too busy and just forgot about it. I didnt intend to be rude.,(3) dress up 喬裝打扮，穿上盛裝 dress up as打扮成, 化裝成 eg. She lik

24、es to dress up for a party. 她喜歡把自己打扮得漂漂亮亮去參加晚會。 The children dressed themselves up as pirates. 孩子們化裝成海盜的樣子。 He dressed up as Father Christmas. (4) try sth on 試穿 eg. You should have tried it on before you bought that pair of shoes. I bought a new dress, but I havent tried it on yet. Try on your new h

25、at and let me have a look.,(5) be impatient to do: =eager, anxious, hungry, thirsty, desperate, cant wait to do 急于做某事 e.g. The worker was impatient to do his work. He wasimpatientto get home. 他迫不及待想要回家。 They areimpatientfor jobs and security. 他們渴望得到工作，獲取安全感。 Our teacher is impatient with slow studen

26、ts.(adj. 不耐煩的）,2. She intended to dress up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she was impatient to try it on.,III Text Study,Explain the text: After putting it on, Mrs. Richards went downstairs. （1）Paraphrase: After she (had) put it on, Mrs. Richards went downstairs. （2）Str

27、ucture: After putting it on: prep. gerund used as adverbial of time介詞動名詞一起做時間狀語 put on, pull on, try on (take off, pull off), dress sb, dress up wear, have on, be in, be dressed in,3. She wanted to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.,(1) Paraphrase: She wanted to see/know whether her c

28、ostume would be comfortable to wear . = She wanted to see/know whether it would be comfortable to wear her costume. (2) structure: “it” refers to the costume; 動詞不定式to wear用來修飾說明comfortable, 作狀語。 The book is difficult to read.The dress is easy to wash.Your handwriting is easy to recognize.This jacket

29、 would be comfortable(for her)to wear.,(3)補充：表達被動概念 1). 不定式或動名詞的主動形式： The music is sweet to hear. The dictionary is worth buying.“需要”可以用need/want+v-ing來表示。 The machine needs repairing.2). “under+名詞”表達被動的意味。 e.g. The house is under construction The puma is under control The problem is still under dis

30、cussion The thief is under arrest.,4. She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door.,(1) Paraphrase: She had told him to come straight in if she failed/forgot to open (if she happened not to open) the door. ever：adj. 用于語條件句，表示強調(diào)，作“碰巧，任何時候，任何場合”講。If ever = when evere.g: If

31、ever you see George, give him my best regards. When ever he is in trouble Ill be on the spot. straight: adv. directly 徑直地，直接地 e.g. Lets get straight down to business. He went straight to the point. 他開門見山。,(2) fail to do sth: neglect/forget to do sth, happen not to do sth, leave sth undone 忘記做，碰巧未做，沒

32、有做 e.g. She failed to wash the dishes.她忘了洗盤子。 He failed to come to meet me. 他沒來接我。（他忘了來接我）,5. Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the small storeroom under the stairs.,（1）Paraphrase: Because she did not want to frighten the poor man, Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the sm

33、all storeroom under the stairs. （2）Structure: Not wanting to frighten the poor man: present participle used as adverbial of reason 現(xiàn)在分詞短語做原因狀語 多用于句首；也可插入句中，位于主語和謂語之間。e.g. Not wanting to make her nervous, the doctor didnt fully explain the seriousness of condition.= The doctor, not wanting to make he

34、r nervous, didnt fully explain the seriousness of her condition.,6. Mrs. Richards realized that it must be the man from the electricity Board who had come to read the metre.,(1) must be: certain guess about the present 表對當(dāng)時的肯定猜測 (2) structure: “that” introduces an objective clause；in the objective c

35、lause “who” introduces an attributive clause to modify “the man”. “that”引導(dǎo)賓語從句，賓語從句內(nèi)“who”引導(dǎo)定語從句。 (3) read the metre 抄電表 read+n.(儀表), 表示讀出上面的數(shù)字 還可以說：read ones mind 猜出某人的心思 read ones palm 看指紋,7. She tried to explain the situation, saying its only me.,（1）Paraphrase: She tried to explain the situation,

36、and said its only me. （2）Structure: “saying its only me”: present participle used as adverbial of accompanying state 現(xiàn)在分詞短語做伴隨狀語 e.g. He fled, slamming the door behind him. (Line 16) (Slamming, 現(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語或伴隨狀語, 說明fled的情況),8. The man let out a cry and jumped back several paces.,let out a cry: give a cry, cry out, shout發(fā)出一聲大叫 let out: to give forth, express 發(fā)出，表達 e.g. let out a scream/ roar 發(fā)出一聲尖叫/吼叫，呼嘯 The patient let ou