1、基礎(chǔ)落實(shí) .高頻單詞思憶 1.Whatever happens,we will not use v . We should settle things in a peaceful way. 2.Women are fighting for e pay with the men because they do the same job. 3.The majority of people v for Ben because they wanted him to be their leader.,iolence,qual,oted,Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero

2、,4.Although he is old,he is still a in public affairs. 5.Most children in cities are better e than those in the countryside. 6.A s person always thinks about himself. 7.They have agreed to the proposal in (原則上) but we still have to negotiate the details. 8.The orchestra were all in (就位), waiting for

3、 the conductor.,ctive,ducated,elfish,principle,position,9.They (獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)) the winners with gifts of fruits and flowers. 10.The public pay more attention to the (質(zhì)量) of milk after the Sanlu tainted milk case.,rewarded,quality,.重點(diǎn)短語再現(xiàn) 1. 在方面積極 2. 獻(xiàn)身于；專心于 3. 失業(yè) 4. 投票支持某人 5. 事實(shí)上 6. 處在困境中 7. 求助于；致力于 8. 喪失勇氣或信心

4、 9. 從逃走 10. 設(shè)立；建立,be active in,devote to,out of work,vote for sb.,as a matter of fact,in trouble,turn to,lose heart,escape from,set up,.典型句式運(yùn)用 1.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress,until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no ri

5、ghts at all.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝 奪了我們的權(quán)利，并阻擋了我們的進(jìn)步，直到今 天我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。 本句中的see意為“ ”。,考點(diǎn)提煉,（在某段時(shí)期）發(fā),生（某情況），經(jīng)歷,在英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，有一種這樣的現(xiàn)象：將句中表 示 、 的名詞提前，放在主語的位置，而 把本來是人發(fā)出的動(dòng)作充當(dāng)謂語，如“see/witness +事件（過程）”，這是一種特殊形式的主語化，其目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)名詞。,時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),2.we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were les

6、s important, or fight the government.我們被置于這樣 一個(gè)境地：要么被迫接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實(shí)，要么 同政府作斗爭。 either.or.在此句中連接兩個(gè)并列 的不定式短語to accept.和（to） fight.; either.or.意為“ ”，是并列連詞，常用來連接 并列的主語、謂語、賓語、表語或狀語，也可連 接并列的分句。,考點(diǎn)提煉,或是或是，,不是就是,either.or.所表達(dá)的意義是“二選一”，不能 全選，也不能一個(gè)不選；要表示全選，則用 (既又)，要表示兩個(gè)都不 選，則用 (兩者都不)。 3.The reason why I got a job

7、 was because of my hard work.我得到工作是因?yàn)槲夜ぷ髋Α?The reason why.is that.是個(gè)固 定句型，why引導(dǎo) 從句。is后一般為that引導(dǎo) 的 從句。,both.and.,neither.nor.,考點(diǎn)提煉,定語,表語,4.He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.他說他們不該被剝 奪為獲得學(xué)位而學(xué)習(xí)的權(quán)利。 本句中包含“stop.from doing”結(jié) 構(gòu)，意為“ ”。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有 “ .from doing”。,考點(diǎn)提煉,阻止干某事,prev

8、ent/keep,5.They were not cleverer than me,but they did pass their exams.他們并不比我更聰明，卻通過 了考試。 本句中not cleverer than意為 “ ”，屬于“not+adj./adv.的比較 級(jí)+than”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不如”，表示兩種情 況客觀上的比較。而“no+adj./adv.的比較級(jí) +than”結(jié)構(gòu)意為“ ”，表示說 話人的主觀感受。,考點(diǎn)提煉,不如聰明,和一樣不,導(dǎo)練互動(dòng) 重點(diǎn)單詞 1.quality And what does a great person have?(回歸課本P33) 觀察思考 M

9、uch of the land was of poor quality. 這塊地大部分土質(zhì)貧瘠。 She had many good qualities although she is a little rude. 她雖然有點(diǎn)粗魯，但還有許多優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)。,qualities,歸納總結(jié) quality 。 易混辨異 quality,character,characteristic 三個(gè)詞都含有“特點(diǎn)、特征、特性”的意思，但各 有側(cè)重。 (1)quality是常用詞，指表現(xiàn)某人或某物與其他人 或物不同的性質(zhì)或特點(diǎn)，因而體現(xiàn)出的是自己的優(yōu) 點(diǎn)或長處以及優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。表達(dá)含糊而難以捉摸的現(xiàn) 象也用它。,n.

10、質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì),(2)character指事物、地方、事件等的特點(diǎn)、特征、 特色以及個(gè)人、集體、民族等特有的品質(zhì)、特性， 它能體現(xiàn)出成年人已經(jīng)充分發(fā)展的生活方式，而且 往往和品格有關(guān)。 (3)characteristic指與眾不同的、易于辨認(rèn)的特征 或特性。常用于科技領(lǐng)域。,即學(xué)即用 （1）質(zhì)量差的商品很難賣出。 wont sell easily. （2）他們生產(chǎn)各種品質(zhì)的貨物。 They produce goods .,Goods of poor quality,of various qualities,2.active 觀察思考 He became an active social re

11、former. 他成了一位積極的社會(huì)改革者。 Although Mrs.Brown is over 80,she is still very active. 布朗太太已八十多歲了，但她還是十分活躍。,歸納總結(jié) active 。 (派生) actively adv.積極地 activity n.U活躍，熱鬧狀況；活動(dòng)； C具體的活動(dòng) action n.U行動(dòng)（總稱）；C行為，行動(dòng) （指具體的一次） act v.（采?。┬袆?dòng)；扮演；起作用；n.C行 為，行動(dòng)；（戲劇等的）一幕；法案 be active in在方面積極 take an active part in積極參加,adj.積極的，活躍的,即

12、學(xué)即用 （1）She (在方面積極) the 1789 French Revolution. （2）The teacher encouraged students to (積極參與) discussions.,was active in,take an active part in,3.equal But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people . (回歸課本P34) 觀察思考 A metre equals 39.38 inche

13、s. 1米等于39.38英寸。 There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class. 這個(gè)班男女生人數(shù)相等。 She treats the people who work for her as her equals. 她以平等的身份對(duì)待為她工作的人。,equal,歸納總結(jié) equal 。 A equals B A等于B A is equal to B A等于B be equal to sth./doing sth.勝任某事/做某事 be equal with與相等 Three plus two equals five. =Three

14、plus two is equal to five. 3加2等于5。,v.等于；抵得上；adj.相等的；勝任的;,n.同等的人；相等物,注意以下介詞的搭配： be similar to同相似 be familiar to sb.為某人所熟知 be familiar with sth.熟悉某物 be indifferent to sth.對(duì)某事不關(guān)心；不在乎； 不感興趣 be kind to對(duì)很和藹 be polite to對(duì)很有禮貌 be friendly to對(duì)很友好,即學(xué)即用 （1）在體力上男人和女人相同嗎？ men women in physical strength? （2）她覺得自己

15、不適合接待來客。 She did not visitors.,Are,equal to,feel equal to receiving,4.vote Black people couldnt or choose their leaders.(回歸課本P34) 觀察思考 The issue was put to the vote. 這一問題被付諸表決。 Well listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it. 我們將先聽取雙方的論點(diǎn)，然后再表決。 The whole team have voted me their capta

16、in. 全體隊(duì)員投票選我擔(dān)任他們的隊(duì)長。,vote,歸納總結(jié) vote 。 vote for贊成；投某人的票 vote against投票反對(duì) vote out（以投票方式）罷免（某人） vote down投票否決 vote on/upon對(duì)投票表決 vote sth.through表決通過（提案等）,n.投票；選票；表決；vt.happening B.prevent;happen C.preventing;happens D.preventing;will happen,A,重點(diǎn)短語與句型 7.lose heart The scientist from whom never when he

17、was in trouble.(回歸課本P37) 觀察思考 We mustnt lose heart when people complain.當(dāng)人們抱怨時(shí)，我們千萬不要喪失信心。 Dont lose heartyoull do better next time. 不要灰心下次你會(huì)做得更好。,lost,heart,歸納總結(jié) lose heart意為： 。 lose ones heart to sb.愛上某人 break ones heart使人難過（心碎） give heart to sb.鼓勵(lì)某人 heart and soul全心全意地 heart to heart誠懇地，貼心地 take

18、heart鼓起勇氣，打起精神 from the bottom of ones heart從內(nèi)心里 learn sth.by heart熟記 put ones heart into sth.對(duì)全力以赴，一 心一意,喪失信心,即學(xué)即用 Though the girl hasnt lost heart to him,he hasnt lost heart. A.her;/B.the;his C./;hisD.her;the,A,8.out of .,and I worried about whether I would become .(回歸課本P34) 觀察思考 Hes been out of w

19、ork for six months. 他已經(jīng)失業(yè)六個(gè)月了。,out of work,歸納總結(jié) out of work意為： 。 out of business破產(chǎn)；歇業(yè) out of control失控 out of repair失修 out of order有毛病 out of date過時(shí) out of ones reach夠不著 out of danger脫險(xiǎn) out of question毫無疑問 out of the question不可能的 out of patience失去耐心 out of mind心不在焉 Out of sight,out of mind.諺眼不見，心不念。

20、 （離久情疏）,失業(yè),即學(xué)即用 （1）他必須正視失業(yè)這一現(xiàn)實(shí)。 He must face the reality of . （2）過期護(hù)照是無效的。 A passport that is is invalid.,being out of work,out of date,e to power I didnt work again for twenty years until Mr.Mandela and the ANC in 1994.(回歸課本P38) 觀察思考 The party came to power at the last election. 這個(gè)政黨是在上次大選中當(dāng)選執(zhí)政的。 B

21、y the time he came to power in 1951 he was already seventy. 到1951年上臺(tái)時(shí)，他已經(jīng)有70歲了。,came to power,歸納總結(jié) come to power意為： 。 be in power當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政 lose power失去權(quán)力 take office上臺(tái)，執(zhí)政 do everything in ones power to do sth.竭盡 全力做某事 由come into+名詞可構(gòu)成的短語： come into action開始行動(dòng) come into fashion流行 come into effect生效 come

22、into office就職,上臺(tái)；掌權(quán),即學(xué)即用 (1)他當(dāng)權(quán)后就違背了他減稅的諾言。 When he ,he broke his promise of reducing taxes. (2)我將盡力幫助你。 Ill do everything to help you.,came to/into power,in my power,10.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.我第一次向（參觀）小組談?wù)摚_本 島監(jiān)獄的情況）時(shí)，心里覺得很不好受。 典例體驗(yàn) I called on him,he was very busy. 我每次拜訪他，他都

23、很忙。 He came to see me he came back. 他一回來就來看我。,Each time,immediately,歸納總結(jié) 句中的 用作連詞，引導(dǎo) 從句，意為“ ”。 （1）名詞短語作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的有： every time每次/回就 each time每當(dāng)時(shí) next time下次時(shí) any time（在）任何時(shí)間 （2）有時(shí)副詞也可充當(dāng)連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句， 它們是：instantly,immediately,directly等，都 相當(dāng)于as soon as。,the first time,時(shí)間狀語,第一次時(shí),the moment the minute

24、the instant,=as soon as一就,即學(xué)即用 they visited the Science Museum,they showed great interest in everything they saw. A.The first time B.For the first time C.At first D.At the first time,A,11.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 直到那時(shí)， 我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。 典例體驗(yàn) Only with all your time and e

25、nergy do this job well. 只有用上你全部的時(shí)間和精力，你才能把這項(xiàng)工 作做好。 Only when he is seriously ill in bed. 他只有病得非常嚴(yán)重時(shí)才會(huì)臥床休息。,can you,will he stay,歸納總結(jié) 本句中的only then置于句首，引起句子 。 該句的正常語序是：.we decided to answer violence with violence only then。 在英語句子中，為了表強(qiáng)調(diào)，把“only+狀語（副詞、 介詞短語、從句）”置于句首，主句要用部分倒裝形 式，即把原句中的 、 或 提到主 語前面。,部分倒裝

26、,助動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,be動(dòng)詞,即學(xué)即用 Only in this way to make improvement in the operating system. A.you can hope B.you did hope C.did you hope D.can you hope,D,考題回扣 【例1】I have reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own. （浙江高考） A.whichB.where C.howD.why 解析 當(dāng)point,case,stage,situation等表示抽 象地

27、點(diǎn)的名詞充當(dāng)先行詞時(shí)，若定語從句中缺少 狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)定語從句。 課文原文 The school was three kilometres away.,where I studied for only two years,B,【例2】Over the past 20 years,the Internet has helped change our world in way or another for the better. （重慶高考） A.anyB.one C.everyD.either 解析 句意為：在過去的20多年里，因特網(wǎng)已經(jīng) 幫助我們?cè)谝环矫婊蛄硪环矫娓淖兊酶?/p>

28、。any任 何；every每一；either兩者之中任一個(gè)（僅限于 兩者之間）。 課文原文 However,this was a time when had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.,one,B,【例3】Charles was alone at home,with looking after him. （全國高考） A.someoneB.anyone C.not oneD.no one 解析 句意為：查理一個(gè)人在家，沒有人照顧他。 由句中的關(guān)鍵詞alone可知應(yīng)選no one,指“一個(gè) 人也沒有”。 課文原文 could g

29、row food there.,No one,D,【例4】For a moment nothing happened.Then all shouting together. （福建高考） A.voices had come B.came voices C.voices would come D.did voices come 解析 當(dāng)某些副詞如then,now,here,there,up 等置于句首時(shí)，句子要用完全倒裝形式。 課文原文 . to answer violence,only then did we decide,B,【例5】Because of the financial cris

30、is,days are gone local 5-star hotels charged 6，000yuan for one night.（江蘇高考） A.if B.when C.which D.since 解析 句意為：因?yàn)榻鹑谖C(jī)，當(dāng)?shù)匚逍羌?jí)旅館 每晚收費(fèi)6 000元的日子已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了。 when引導(dǎo)一個(gè)限制性定語從句修飾先行詞days,并 且在從句中作狀語。 課文原文 The time was a very difficult period of my life.,when I first met Nelson Mandela,B,寫作技能 簡單句的擴(kuò)展 句子的擴(kuò)展，就是在名詞前后加

31、上前置或后置定 語，在動(dòng)詞、形容詞或者副詞前后加上適當(dāng)?shù)臓?語，或增加修飾整個(gè)句子的狀語，等等，其目的是 使結(jié)構(gòu)形式更飽滿、內(nèi)容表達(dá)更加清楚、語言表達(dá) 更生動(dòng)。我們練習(xí)句子的擴(kuò)展，有助于循序漸進(jìn)地 實(shí)現(xiàn)由句到段的過渡。 【例1】對(duì)The man was famous.（主語+系動(dòng)詞+表 語）一句進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展，可得到以下一些句子： a.The man was a famous student. (劃線部分為定語),named Mike,b. ,the man was very famous .(劃線部分為狀語) 【例2】對(duì)The student jumped.（主語+謂語）一句 進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展，可得到以下

32、一些句子： a.The student jumped.（劃線部分為定語） b. ,the naughty student jumped .（劃線部分為狀語）,At the age of seventeen,because of being good at playing the,piano,naughty,with glasses on,Hearing the good news,with joy,in class,without any,hesitation,【例3】Chinese are making China more powerful. （主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)）一句進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展，可得到

33、以 下一些句子： a. Chinese are making China more powerful.（劃線部分為定語） b. ,hard-working and open-minded Chinese are making full of resources more powerful .（劃線部分為狀語）,Hard-working and open-minded,full of resources,With time going on,than before as expected,即時(shí)練習(xí)按要求對(duì)下列句子進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展 1.Students buy books.（至少要含非謂語、介詞短 語和從

34、句等作定語） 2.Students work.（至少要含非謂語、介詞短語和 從句等作狀語）,The diligent students in our class often buy some books written in English on science, which are really well worth buying.,In order to improve their school subjects, students work hard in the classroom so that they forget to go out after class.,3.The man

35、 gave me a pen.（至少含一個(gè)不定式短 語，一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞短語）,In order to help me,the old man standing over there gave me a red pen to write with the day before yesterday.,自主檢測 品句填詞 1.After he heard the bad news,his face took on a (焦慮的) expression. 2.Im (心甘情愿的) to help you. 3.There have been several (襲擊) on foreigners rece

36、ntly. 4.She is very m with money.She wouldnt give a cent to help the poor child. 5.He is always ready to give money to beggars.He is g .,worried,willing,attacks,ean,enerous,6.Several hours later,with the help of the police,the students managed to e from the dangerous place,hungry and frightened. 7.T

37、he man was s to 10 years imprisonment for robbing the bank. 8.In my o ,most people learn by doing,not by sitting in the classroom and reading. 9.If you feel cold while sleeping,you can add a b on your quilt. 10.As a well-educated person,its hard for us to imagine that she treated the boy with such (

38、殘忍).,scape,entenced,pinion,lanket,cruelty,.短語運(yùn)用 1.A monument (紀(jì)念碑) was in honor of the heroes who gave up their lives for the country. 2.He led the workers in the war. 3.After Hitler in Germany, Einstein was forced to go to America. ,as a matter of fact,come to power,free from,lose heart,in one way,

39、set up,worry about,fight against,set up,fighting against,came to power,4. ,social customs vary in different parts of the world. 5.Many people think the changes are an improvement . 6.When her son returned,she was at last anxiety. 7.That football team had won no games and it . 8.Dont be worried,becau

40、se there is nothing to .,As a matter of fact,in one way,free from,lost heart,worry about,.完成句子 1.Madame Curie, (致力于科 學(xué)),was a great woman.(devote) 2. (事實(shí)上),I have the womans name written down somewhere. (fact) 3.The emperor (當(dāng)權(quán)) for seventeen years.(power) 4.To collect money,the stars wil (義務(wù)獻(xiàn)唱) at

41、the evening party. (free) 5.He whispered to his wife (害怕) he might wake up the sleeping baby.(fear),devoted to science,As a matter of fact,has been in power,sing for,free,for fear that,.單項(xiàng)填空 1.The time he has devoted in the past ten years the disabled is now considered of great value. A.to help;bein

42、gB.to helping;to be C.to help;to beD.helping;being 解析 該句的前一部分考查了devote ones time to doing sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。the time之后跟了省 略關(guān)系代詞which/that的定語從句。句意為：他 在過去的十年中用在幫助殘疾人身上的時(shí)間現(xiàn)在 被認(rèn)為是很有價(jià)值的。,B,2.As a(n) his contribution to botany,Joseph Banks had a flower named after him. A.reward;for B.reward;with C.award;for D.award;

43、with 解析 as a reward for.意為“作為對(duì)的 回報(bào)/報(bào)酬”；award表示“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，獎(jiǎng)賞”。句意 為：為了回報(bào)約瑟夫班克斯對(duì)植物學(xué)的貢獻(xiàn)， 人們用他的名字命名了一種花。,A,3.The Red Army soldiers had to fight all kinds of difficulties in their fight the peoples freedom. A.for;forB.with;with C.against;againstD.against;for 解析 fight against和作斗爭；fight for 為獲取而戰(zhàn)斗。句意為：紅軍為了人民的自 由不得

44、不和各種各樣的困難作斗爭。,D,4.Either you or the headmaster the prizes to the gifted students at the meeting. A.is handing out B.are to hand out C.are handing out D.is to hand out 解析 either.or.連接兩個(gè)并列名詞作主語 時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要遵循就近原則，故可排除B和C； 又因?yàn)楠?jiǎng)品還沒有發(fā)放，故用to do結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來。 句意為：要么是你，要么是校長，在大會(huì)上給那 些有才華的學(xué)生頒獎(jiǎng)。,D,5.The gestures (手勢) are

45、both by the Chinese and foreigners as the same meaning. A.accepted;having B.accepted;to have C.received;having D.received;to have 解析 句意為：這些手勢表達(dá)相同的意思，中國 人和外國人都可接受。accept表示主觀上的“接 受”，而receive表示客觀上的“收到”。as在這 里是介詞，后面要接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。,A,6.There are many cards for you to . A.choose from B.choosing from C.be cho

46、sen from D.be choosing from 解析 不定式在此表示主動(dòng)，與前面的名詞cards 形成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；前面提供了選擇的范 圍，故應(yīng)用choose from。句意為：有許多卡片供 你選擇。,A,7.All possible means been taken to stop the river . A.have;polluting B.has;polluted C.has;from being polluted D.have;being polluted 解析 由stop.(from) doing結(jié)構(gòu)及the river 與pollute之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系可排除A和B；又因?yàn)?all修飾means作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)可排除C 項(xiàng)，綜合可知正確答案為D項(xiàng)。句意為：人們采取 了所有可能的方法來阻止河水受到污染。,D,8.Have your working conditions improved? No, than before,Im afraid. A.no betterB.a little better C.not worseD.no worse 解析 由答語“no”及“Im afraid”可知工作 條件并沒有比以前好轉(zhuǎn)，故應(yīng)用no better than (并不比好)。句意為：你的工作條件得 到改善了嗎？沒有，恐怕并不比以前