1、The digestive system and how it woks,Esophagus 食道,General features a muscular tuber about 25 cm long, connecting the pharynx at level of C6 vertebra, passes through the diaphragm at level of T10 vertebra and after 12 cm enters the stomach Division Cervical part Thoracic part Abdominal part,返回,Stomac

2、h 胃,Location Mainly parts is situated in the left hypochondrial region Small in the epigastric region The cardia is situated to the left of T11, the pylorus lies to the right of L1 Juices produced gastric acid Functions digests protein,返回,Small instestine 小腸,About 57m long Division: Duodenum 十二指腸 Je

3、junum 空腸 Ileum 回腸,返回,Colon 結(jié)腸,Ascending colon 升結(jié)腸 (15 cm) right colic flexure 結(jié)腸右曲 Transverse colon 橫結(jié)腸 (50 cm) left colic flexure 結(jié)腸左曲 Descending colon 降結(jié)腸 (25 cm) descends almost vertically from left colic flexure to sigmoid colon at left iliac crest. Sigmoid colon乙狀結(jié)腸 (40 cm) extends from descend

4、ing colon to rectum at level of S3.,返回,Rectum 直腸,Position: within pelvic cavity, extends from S3 to pelvic diaphragm. Curves Sagittal plane Sacral flexure 直腸骶曲: convex backward Perineal flexure 直腸會(huì)陰曲: convex forward Coronal plane Upper and lower partconvex to the right. Middle partconvex to the left

5、. Lower part of rectum dilated, to from ampulla of rectum 直腸壺腹 Three transverse folds of rectum 直腸橫襞,返回,Liver 肝,Shape two surfaces Diaphragmatic surface膈面 -Convex and smooth Visceral surface 臟面 -Has a H-shaped fissures and grooves Juices produced bile Functions dissolve the fat into the watery contents of the intestine,返回,Pancreas 胰,Shape and Position A soft yellowish lobulated gland Lies behind the peritoneum on the posterior abdominal wall, roughly at the level of L1L2 Juices produced panc