1、Grammar,構(gòu)詞法 (一) (Word Formation),高考英語語法總復(fù)習(xí),If you meet the new words while reading, what will you do ?,Its not always necessary to understand the meaning of every word, just go on reading!,Guess the meaning!,How ?,When we deal with the problems in reading comprehension, we can use Word Formation to

2、help us, but the context(上下文，語境) is also very important.,根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜詞,1. I will not make friends with a dishonest person. 2. When the little boy finished, his father was speechless. 3. A bad-looking pickpocket stole my wallet.,首先要熟悉基本的構(gòu)詞法及其規(guī)律, 其次要掌握一定的詞根和詞綴。如:un-, im-, mis-, -less, -ness等。,dis+honest 不誠實(shí)

3、的,speech+less 說不出話的,pick+pocket 扒手,派生法（Derivation）,合成法(Compounding),轉(zhuǎn)化法（Conversion）,縮略法（Abbreviation）,合成詞 Compound,pain-killer,止痛藥,color- blind,色盲,sleep-walk,夢游,sleep-walker,一、合成法（Compounding）,highway waiting-room kind-hearted,把兩個或兩個以上獨(dú)立的詞合成一個新詞。,合成詞匯展廳,一.合成名詞 seafood greenhouse 二.合成動詞 overcome whit

4、ewash 三.合成形容詞 snow-white man-made 四.合成副詞 however ; anyway 五.合成代詞 something; everything 六.合成介詞 within inside,fire+fighter=firefighter,friend+ship=friendship,passer+by=passer-by,well+known=well-known,sea+side=seaside,Make compound words after the models. A: passer, well, sea, fire, friend, B: side, fi

5、ghter, ship, by, known, Model: part + time = part-time,Practice I,二、轉(zhuǎn)化法（Conversion）：指一個詞不變詞形，而由一種詞類轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞類或幾種詞類。,It has a good taste.,It tastes very good.,hand,n.手,v.遞送,. We always walk hand in hand,Please hand me the book.,轉(zhuǎn)化法例釋,三、派生法 Derivation指在詞根上加上前、后綴構(gòu)成另一個與原意略有變化或截然相反的詞,派 生 法,前綴,后綴,名詞后綴,形容詞后綴

6、,副詞后綴,動詞后綴,否定前綴,其他前綴,加前綴： happy - _happy 加后綴： develop - develop_ 既加前綴又加后綴： employ -_employ_ 注意:派生詞的前綴一般只改變詞義,不改 變詞類;后綴一般只改變詞類,不引起 詞義變化.,un,ment,un,ment,派生詞（derivation）,Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Do you sometimes oversleep?,1. over- : too much,overwork , overeat,above sth; acro

7、ss,overcoat, overhead,Some important prefixes:,The trains are _ on Friday evenings. (crowded),overcrowded,He enlarged his vocabulary by reading widely.,2.en- 動詞前綴,enable, endanger,Reading can _ your life.(rich),enrich,常見的否定前綴,中學(xué)英語課本中有許多單詞帶有否定前綴，如果能理解這些否定前綴的含義，使用和記憶單詞是很有幫助的。否定前綴加在一個詞的前面就完全改變或否定了這個詞的原

8、來意義。,Some important suffixes:,-ment, -ion, -ness, -tion, -ful, -able, -less, -en等,sharpen a pencil,strengthen,brighten,Practice II Guess the meaning of the underlined words 1.Many countries import most of the oil they use. 2.He studied biophysics at college. 3.It is very important to learn how to co

9、operate with others. 4.All your luggage will be transported to the destination by train. 5.My cousin has an excellent voice. Her dream is to become a superstar.,進(jìn)口,生物物理學(xué),合作,運(yùn)輸,明星,四、縮略法（ Abbreviation ）,DV VIP SOS WWW,Digital Video,Very Important Person,Save Our Ship,World Wide Web,Practice Makes Perf

10、ect !,rain(形容詞) _ agree(反義)_ nation(形容詞)_ farm(人)_ recent(副詞)_ friend(形容詞)_ hope(形容詞)_ back(形容詞)_ visit(名詞)_ home(形容詞) _ eight(序數(shù)詞)_ true(名詞)_ America(形容詞)_ China(形容詞)_,按括號內(nèi)的要求改寫下列單詞,rainy,national,recently,hopeful,visitor,eighth,American,disagree,farmer,friendly,backwards,homeless,truth,Chinese,請做下

11、列高考真題。 1. (2013) That would be a very _(reason) thing to do in a big city. 思路點(diǎn)撥：reasonable 在名詞前作定語要用形容詞。,真題再練,2. (2013) But such a small thing couldnt _ (possible) destroy a village. 思路點(diǎn)撥：possibly 修飾謂語動詞destroy作狀語，用副詞。注意：以-ble接尾的形容詞，其副詞形式通常是將ble改為bly。,3. (2012) For some reason he sat beside Mary. Ma

12、ry felt _ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her 思路點(diǎn)撥：pleased 在系動詞felt后作表語，用形容詞，表示“高興的”。,4. (2016) We drank together and talked _ (merry) till far into the night. 思路點(diǎn)撥：merrily 修飾動詞talked作狀語，用副詞。,5. (2015) He must be _(mental) disabled. 思

13、路點(diǎn)撥：mentally 修飾分詞形容詞作狀語，用副詞。 6. (2014) His teacher took a deep drink，smiled _ (warm)，and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. 思路點(diǎn)撥：warmly 修飾動詞smiled作狀語，用副詞形式。,1. Write out the original words.,unchangeable adj. _ dislike v. _ impossibility n. _ unfriendly adj._ overwork v. _ misunderstanding n. _ athletic adj._ misread v. _ translator n. _,change,like,possible,friend,look,understand,athlete,read,translate,Homework:,2.給下列單詞加上前綴dis-, un-, in-或im-, 構(gòu) 成意思相反的詞。 1. agree _2. complete _ 3. healthy _ 4. important _ 5. able