1、English-Chinese Translation,School of Foreign Languages 王晉瑞 ,第一章 翻譯的定義和分類,1.1 幾種關(guān)于“翻譯”的權(quán)威定義 1) To change (speech or writing) from one language into another language. (Longman Advanced American Dictionary, 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社， 2002年第1版， P1672) 2)To express (something spoken or especially written) in another l

2、anguage or in simpler words. (Oxford Advanced Learners English-Chinese Dictionary, 商務(wù)印書館、牛津大學(xué)出版社， 2002年第1版， P1621),3）把一種語言文字的意義用另一種語言 文字表達出來(也指方言與民族共 同語、方言與方言、古代語與現(xiàn) 代語之間一種用另一種表達）； 把代表語言文字的符號或數(shù)碼用 語言文字表達出來。 (現(xiàn)代漢語詞典，外語教學(xué)與研究出版社， 2002年第1版， P532) 4）運用一種語言把另一種語言所表達的思維內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確而 完整地重新表達出來的語言活動. （張培基）,1.2 關(guān)于上述定義的

3、幾個思考問題: 1）After reading the above definitions, can you tell which one(s) is (are) reasonable? And why ? 2) What is the direct object of translating, linguistic signs themselves or something carried by linguistic signs, such as thought, meaning, message or concept etc.?,3) Can you find any difference

4、 between the following group words with prefix “trans-” and the word “translate”? transform: form A form B transfer: Position A Position B transport: Port A Port B transplant: Place A Place B What about “translate”? translate: Text A Text B or Text A Text A,1.3 依據(jù)翻譯活動本質(zhì)的嘗試性定義 Nature of translating:

5、Translating does not necessarily mean translating linguistic signs but messages, concepts or meanings carried by linguistic signs instead. Or simply put it, translating means translating meaning. A tentative definition of translating: Translating refers to the activity that we use linguistic signs o

6、f the target text to reproduce the meaning or message carried by linguistic signs of the source text or to reproduce the intention of the original writer or speaker.,Translation exercises (Bear it in your mind that translating does not mean translating linguistic signs!) 1) Dont bother him. He is a

7、hot potato, you know. 2) His hobby now is growing American beauties and tending to them. 3) We are in good shape. 4) The last thing that I want to do is to marry him. 5) My wife is a dragon. 6) -Jack has been sentenced to three years imprisonment. -Give a dog a bad name. 7) - Why not buy a house? - Im not a Rockefeller. 8) milky way 9) white elephant 10) small potato 11)dog day 12)blue blood 13)Adams apple 14)Indian summer,1. 4 翻譯的分類 1) 廣義上講, 可分為:語內(nèi)翻譯( intralingual translation) 和語際翻譯(interlingual translation)。狹義上講, 僅指語際翻譯。 2