1、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)是英語中陳述事物客觀存的常用句型，表示“有”，其確切含義是“存在”there 作為引導(dǎo)詞，本身沒有意義，用動(dòng)詞be的某些形式作為謂語動(dòng)詞，它的主語是用一些表示泛指或不定特指的名詞詞組，動(dòng)詞be和 主語的數(shù)必須一致。句子最后通常為表示地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間的狀語。因此要表達(dá)“某個(gè)地方或某個(gè)時(shí)間存在什么事物或人”的時(shí)候常用“There be + 名詞+ 地點(diǎn)（時(shí)間）這一句型。例如：There is a great Italian deli across the street. 穿過街道，有一家大的意大利熟食店。There are some students in the dormitor

2、y. 在宿舍里有一些學(xué)生。,There be 句型,一、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主謂一致 1.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞be后所接的名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be 應(yīng)該取單數(shù)is；當(dāng)其后所接的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be用復(fù)數(shù)are。Theres a man at the door.門口有個(gè)人。There is some apple juice in the bottle. 瓶子里有些蘋果汁。There are some strangers in the street.大街上有一些陌生人。2.如果There be 后面是幾個(gè)并列名詞做主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞be的形式和最靠近它的那個(gè)名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。There i

3、s an ashtray and two bottles on the shelf. 架子上有一只煙灰缸和兩個(gè)瓶子。There are two bottles and an ashtray on the shelf. 架子上有兩個(gè)瓶子和一個(gè)煙灰,二、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的時(shí)態(tài)1.There be 句型中動(dòng)詞be可以有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、將來時(shí)和完成時(shí)。 There is no harm in trying.不妨一試。There were beautiful wildflowers in the hills last spring. 去年春天，山中有極美的野花。There will be

4、 a fine day tomorrow. 明天將是一個(gè)晴天。There have been several private schools in our area this year.今年，我們這里已經(jīng)有好幾所私立學(xué)校了。2.There be 句型可以和各種助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。There may be a cigarette in that box.那只盒子里或許有支香煙。There must be some cakes on the table.桌子上一定有些蛋糕。There used to be a hospital there before the war.戰(zhàn)前，那里曾經(jīng)有家醫(yī)院。,

5、3.There be 句型也可以和這樣一些的謂語動(dòng)詞連用：be going to 、seem to 、appear to 、used to、be likely to 、happen to . There seem to be a few trees between me and the green. 在我與草坪之間好像有一些樹。There is gong to be a meeting tonight.今天晚上有個(gè)會(huì)議。There is likely to be a storm.可能有一場(chǎng)暴雨。There happened to be a bus nearby.碰巧附近有輛公交車。There

6、appears to have been a heavy accident.似乎發(fā)生了一起嚴(yán)重事故。4.there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中除可以用be 外，還可以用其它動(dòng)詞。例如：There came a bus.= A bus there came.公共汽車來了。Once upon a time there lived a king in China.從前中國有一個(gè)國王。,三、There be 句型的否定句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句和反意疑問句1.There be 句型的否定句有兩種構(gòu)成方式，一種是將否定副詞not放在be 之后，如： There isnt a box in the room. 房間里沒

7、有盒子。There arent any pens on the desk.課桌上沒有鋼筆。There hasnt been any rain for a week.一周沒下雨了。There wont be a meeting today.今天沒有會(huì)議。另一種是在主語前加上不定代詞no , 如：There is no water in the bottle. 瓶子里沒有水。There are no pictures on the wall.墻上沒有圖畫。There will be no one at home tomorrow morning.明天上午不會(huì)有人在家。There might be

8、no money left?；蛟S沒有剩下什么錢。,= not any,2.There be 句型的一般疑問句是將be 放在there 之前，回答時(shí)用yes或no，后接簡(jiǎn)單答語。如：Is there a cake on the table? 桌子上有塊蛋糕嗎？Yes，there is. / No，there isnt.是，有。/ 不，沒有。Will there be a party tonight？今晚有聚會(huì)嗎？Yes，there will./ No, there wont 是的，有。/ 不，沒有。Have there been any letters from your mother late

9、ly?近日你媽媽有信來嗎？Yes，there have./ No, there havent.是，有的。/ 不，沒有。3.There be 句型的特殊疑問句主要有how many和how much做引導(dǎo)詞兩種情況：How many students are there in your school?你們學(xué)校有多少學(xué)生？How much money is there in your pocket?你口袋里有多少錢?,4.There be 句型的反意疑問句There is a cup on the table, isnt there?桌子上有只杯子，是嗎？There is some orange

10、in the glass, isnt there?杯子里有桔汁，是嗎?There are a lot of letters in the mailbox, arent there?郵筒里有很多信件，是嗎？There will be a new hospital nearby, wont there?附近要建一家新醫(yī)院，是嗎?,四、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式There be 結(jié)構(gòu)的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式是there to be 和there being 兩種形式。在句中作主語、賓語和狀語。1. there being 結(jié)構(gòu)起名詞的作用，直接位于句首作主語，通常用it 作形式主語，并且用for

11、引導(dǎo)。There being a bus stop near my house is a great advantage.我家旁邊有個(gè)公共汽車站，很是方便。It is impossible for there to be any more.不可能再有了。2. there be 結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語時(shí)，通常用there to be ，常作這樣一些詞的賓語：expect，like, mean, intend, want,prefer,hate等。I expect there to be no argument about this.我期望關(guān)于這件事不要再爭(zhēng)吵了。I should prefer there t

12、o be no discussion of my private affairs.我寧愿不要討論我的私事。People dont want there to be another war.人們不希望再有戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)了。,3. 作狀語的there be 形式，通常用“there being”結(jié)構(gòu)。There being nothing else to do ,we went home.因?yàn)闆]有其他事可做，我們就回家了。They closed the door ,there being no customers.因?yàn)闆]有顧客，他們的店關(guān)門了。,五、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)和have的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系 1.區(qū)別點(diǎn)：

13、there be 意為存在，強(qiáng)調(diào)某地有某物，不表示所屬關(guān)系；have 表示所有關(guān)系， 強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某地有某物，這是其基本用法。如：There are some trees in front of the house.房前有些樹。Tom has many friends in China.湯姆在中國有許多朋友。2.相同點(diǎn)：在表示結(jié)構(gòu)上的含有時(shí)，既可以用there be 句型，也可以用have（has） 來表示。如：中國有許多長(zhǎng)河。There are many long rivers in China.China has many long rivers.三月份有多少天？How many days

14、are there in March?How many days has March?,There be 句型歸納與練習(xí) There be 句型1. 定義：There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人。2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：(1) There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點(diǎn)狀語. (2) There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語. there是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，翻譯時(shí)也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物，謂語動(dòng)詞be要與主語（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要與跟它最近的那個(gè)名詞一致。eg. There is a bird in the tree. 樹

15、上有一只鳥。 There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我們教室里有一位老師和許多學(xué)生。 There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 樹下有兩個(gè)男孩，一個(gè)女孩。,3. There be句型與have的區(qū)別：(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區(qū)別如下：There be表示“某處存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，它表示所有、擁有關(guān)系。 eg. He has two sons. 他有兩個(gè)兒子。 There are two men in th

16、e office. 辦公室里有兩個(gè)男人。(2)當(dāng)have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時(shí)，There be 句型與其可互換。eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一個(gè)星期有七天。變臉一：否定句 There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.。例如： There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictu

17、res on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.,變臉二：一般疑問句 There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問號(hào)即可，此為調(diào)整法。但同時(shí)要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí)，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）?？纯聪旅鎯删涫侨绾胃念^換面的吧： There is some water on Mars. Is t

18、here any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water?,變臉三：特殊疑問句 There be句型的特殊疑問句形式有以下三種變化： 對(duì)主語提問：當(dāng)主語是人時(shí)，用Whos+介詞短語?；當(dāng)主語是物時(shí)，用Whats + 介詞短語?。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)之提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來決定)。如： There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little g

19、irl in the room.Who is in the room? 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語提問：提問地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用Where is / are+主語?啦！例如： There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 對(duì)數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)： How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語？ How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語,There be 句型專練一.根據(jù)所給漢語

20、完成句子。1. 桌子上有一本書和兩支鋼筆。There _ a book and two pens on the desk. 2. 錢包里有些錢。There _ some money in the purse. 3. 在吉姆的書包里有一些卡片。_ _ some cards in Jims bag.4. 里面還有其他的東西嗎？_ _ anything else in it?5. 我們學(xué)校有許多班。There _ many _ in our school.6. 樹上沒有鳥。There _ _ birds in the tree.,is,is,There are,Is there,are,classe

21、s,arent no,are no,二.選擇填空：1. Are there any maps on the wall? _ A. There are some. B. Yes, there is. C. Yes, there is one. D. No, there are. 2. How many _ are there in the picture? A. woman B. women C. buy D. milk3. There arent _ trees near the house. There is only one. A. any B. some C. many D. much4

22、. There _ two bowls of rice on the table. A. is B. have C. has D. are5. Are there _ houses near the river? Yes, there are- . A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any,C,B,C,D,A,三.句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. There is a woman near the house.（變復(fù)數(shù)） 2. There are some buses near the hill.（變單數(shù)） 3. There are some apples in the tree.（變一般問句） 4. There are some oranges in the glass.（變否定句） 5. Is there a baby in the room?（變復(fù)數(shù)） 6. There are many beautiful flowers in the garden. (就劃線部分提問) _ _ in the garden?7. There is a bookcase in my study. （變一般問句）_ _ _ _ in your study?8. There is a