非謂語動(dòng)詞綜合講練教程,不定式、動(dòng)名詞用作主語,動(dòng)名詞作主語,1。直接作主語：,（1）眼見為實(shí)。（2）天天做早操有益于健康。（3）吸煙不是好習(xí)慣。,1.Seeingisbelieving.2.Doingmorningexerciseseverydayisgoodforhealth3.Smokingisnotagoodhabit,2.用it作形式主語，常與nouse,nogood,useless,worthwhile連用,（1）廣說不做沒用（2）做無益的后悔沒用（3）吸煙太多無益（4）學(xué)好英語是值得做的,1.Itsnousetalkingtoomuchwithoutdoinganything2.Itsuselesscryingoverthespiltmilk.3.Itsnogoodsmokingtoomuch4.ItsworthwhilelearningEnglishwell.5,不定式作主語,1。直接作主語（1）眼見為實(shí)（2）今天早晨做早操對(duì)身體無益（3）在這里吸煙很危險(xiǎn),1.Toseeistobelieve2.Todomorningexercisestodayisnotgoodforhealth.3.Tosmokehereisdangerous,2。用it作形式主語，有自己特定的句型,（1）你這么說真是太好了（2）他說出這樣的話太愚蠢了（3）我們學(xué)好英語是必要的（4）你們學(xué)好英語語法并不難,1.Itisverykindofyoutosayso.2.Itsveryfoolishofhimtosaysuchthings3.ItisnecessaryforustolearnEnglishwell4.ItsnotdifficultforyoutolearnwellEnglishgrammar,3.固定句型,（1）李壘每天花兩個(gè)半小時(shí)完成作業(yè)（2）你昨晚用多長時(shí)間寫完的作文？,1.IttakesLiLeitwoandahalfhourstocompletehishomework.2.Howlongdidittakeyoutofinishwritingyourcomposition?,小結(jié)：動(dòng)名詞與不等式作主語時(shí)的區(qū)別,一、對(duì)稱原則二、特殊表達(dá)三、固定句型四、習(xí)慣用法,主語和表語對(duì)稱,動(dòng)名詞表示經(jīng)常性、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作不等式表示具體的、某一次的動(dòng)作,Ittakessbsometimetodosth,Itsnouse/nogood/useless/worthwhile+doingItskind/wise/cleverofsbtodosthItsimportant/necessary/hardforsbtodosth,Task:completethefollowingsentences,_(沒有用)learningwithoutpracticeItsnogood_（廣說不做）Itsnecessary_(我們學(xué)好英語）Itverykind_（你幫助我）Howlong_（你每天參加體育活動(dòng)？）Becauseoftheheavysandstorm,_(今天做晨練）isofnobenefittoyou.,Multiplechoice,1.Itisverygenerous_youtobuymesuchanicegiftofB.forC.toD.with2.Youareclever;itwillbeeasy_youtoworkoutthewordpuzzleofB.forC.toD.with3.Ithinkitnogood_withoutdoinganything.A,toplayaboutB,playaroundC.playingaboutD.playedaround,Itsnouse,talkingtoomuchwithoutdoinganythingforustolearnEnglishwellofyoutohelpmedoesittakeyoutodosporteverydaytodomorningexercisestoday,不定式、動(dòng)名詞作賓語,一、句型轉(zhuǎn)換IthinkitnousedoingsthIfeelitstupidofhimtosaysuchsillythingstoherIfindituneasyforyoutolearnyoursubjectswellwithouthardworkCanyoutellmehowmanyhoursittookyoutodoyourhomework?,二、A下列動(dòng)詞只能帶動(dòng)名詞作賓語：記住下面這句話，巧記共35個(gè)多動(dòng)詞MissRescallcanenjoyfiveapplesatduskMissRescall-miss,mind,risk,recall,resistCan-canthelp,consider,cantresist,complete,cantstand(bear)Enjoyenjoyescape,excuse,endureFivefinish,fancyfeellike,favorite(利于）imagine,include-advise,avoid,appreciate,admit,allow-practise,postpone,pardon,prevent,putoffdusk-delay,understand,suggest,keep(deny否認(rèn)）,D.下列動(dòng)詞只能帶不定式作賓語：記住下面這句話，(2HD3A4P,worstfem各一)巧記近20個(gè)多動(dòng)詞afford,agree,attempt,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,hope,manage,offer,plan,pretend,prepare,promise,refuse,seem,tend,wish,B以介詞to結(jié)尾的常用短語be/getusedto,cometo,devoteoneselfto,listento,lookforwardtoobjectto/getdownto,prefer.to,payattentionto,refertostickto,C特殊句型1spend(waste).(in)doing2bebusy(in)doing3havedifficulty(trouble,fun,pleasure,agood,hardtime)indoing4stopprevent.(from)doing5Thereisnousenoharmnohurry.(in)doingsth,在forget,remember,regret,want,need,require,try,stop,goon,mean等動(dòng)詞后，可接不定式,也可接動(dòng)名詞做賓語，但含義差別。1forget,remember,regret+doing動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生+todo動(dòng)作未發(fā)生2want,need,require+doing表被動(dòng)=tobedone注：beworthdoing=beworthytobedone3trydoing試著做trytodo盡力做，想要做4stopdoing停止做某事，(先后是一件事).stoptodo停下來做某事,(先后不是同一件事)5goondoing繼續(xù)敵某事，(先后是同一件事)goontodo接下來做某事，(先后不是同一件事)6meandoing意味著做某事meantodo故意或想要做某事7canthelpdoingsth抑制不住、禁不住做某事canthelp(to)dosth無幫助、無助于做某事8,onlytodo結(jié)果是（出乎預(yù)料）,onlydoing結(jié)果是(必然是),E.注意下列11種不同動(dòng)詞或句型的用法,9prefertodoratherthando寧愿而不preferdoingtodoingwouldratherdothandowoulddoratherthando10havenothingtodo/donothingbut/exceptdo只好做（別無選擇）enjoydoingnothingbutdoing只喜歡做wantnothingbuttodo只想做11在begin,start,continue等詞后可接不定式作賓語，也可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語，意義區(qū)別不大.但要注意1）本身是-ing形式時(shí)，其后要接不定式2）如果表示主語有意識(shí)地開始做某事，多用動(dòng)名詞3）主語是物多用不定式4）其后的動(dòng)詞是表示情感的或與智力有關(guān)的，不用v-ing形式know,realize,hate,love,understand,wonder,remember,forget,Task:completethefollowingsentences,Doyouremember_（以前見過這個(gè)人嗎）?Hedenied_（冤枉了他的父母）Sheregreted_(在會(huì)上給領(lǐng)導(dǎo)提了意見）.Dontwastetime_(勸他戒煙）Iwouldratherstayathome_(也不出去玩）Doyouthinkitnecessary_(我們學(xué)好英語）？Howlongdidittakeyou_(寫完作文）？Hehasdonenothingbut_（玩了一整天）.Onhearingthenews,Tom_(抑制不住哭了）.LittleSophiawentthetheater,only_(被告知演出結(jié)束了）,seeingthemanbeforedoingwrongtotheirparentsputtingforwardthesuggestiontotheirleaderadvisinghimtogiveupsmokingthangoouttoplayforustolearnEnglishwelltofinishedwritingyourcompositionplayalldaylongcouldnthelpcryingtobetoldthattheperformancehadbeenover,Multiplechoice1.Wouldyoumind_thedoor?openB,openingC,toopenD,opened“Somuchforthenewwordsandexpressions;letsgoon_thetext.”theteachersaidwithasmile.totalkaboutB,talkingaboutC,tobetalkingD,talkaboutImsorry,butIveforgotten_myhomeworkwithme.A,tobringB,tobebringC,bringingD,brought,Thisroomneeds_.Itstooshabby.paintB.paintingC.topainD.paintedHaveyouconsidered_toimproveyourspokenEnglish?A.practisinglisteningandspeakingB,practisingtolistenandspeakC.topractiselisteningandspeakingD.topractisetolistenandspeak6.Attheageof18hebegan_theimportanceofknowledge.A.understandB.understandingC.understoodD.tounderstand7.Intheolddays,manypeoplecouldntafford_theirchildrentoSchool.A.sentB,sendingC,tosendDsend8.-WehaventheardfromJaneforalongtime.-Whatdoyousuppose_toher?A.washappeningB,tohappenC,hashappenedD.havinghappened9.Weallappreciate_wheneveryouhavetime.A.JanedropinB,JanesdroppinginC,JanetodropinD.Janedropsin10.Haveyougotused_inHarbin?A.tolivingB,toliveC,livingD,tobeliving11.Nobodyiswillingtogotoapartywithout_.A.askingB,tobeaskedC,beingaskedD,havingasked,4,B;5,A;6,D;7,C;8,C;9,B;10,C;11,C,非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語,動(dòng)名詞作表語1對(duì)稱原則，主語是動(dòng)名詞，表語一般也用動(dòng)名詞Seeingisbelieving2動(dòng)名詞作表語表明主語的性質(zhì)或內(nèi)容（有時(shí)可與主語互換）MyjobisteachingyouEnglishTeachingyouEnglishismyjob.,不定式作表語:(1)計(jì)劃，趨勢(shì)將要做的sheistogetmarriednextweek.(2)責(zé)任，義務(wù)必須做的Imtoseeyouoffattheairporttomorrow(3)祁使,命令不得不做的Youretostandhere,doyouunderstand.(4)命運(yùn)安排,注定做的Disneymetthemouseandhewastobecomeafamousartist.,分詞作表語表示主語的特點(diǎn)特征.現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)；不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示完成Thebookisinterestingandthestudentsaremoved.Heiscome.Thequestsaregone.Theleavesarefallen.,非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語,動(dòng)名詞作定語表示被修飾詞用途drinkingwater=thewaterthatis(used)fordrinkingdrinkingwater,livingroom,sittingroom,washingpowder,分詞作定語，表被修飾詞的特點(diǎn)、特征.單個(gè)分詞作定語前置，分詞短語作定語，放在所修飾詞之后?，F(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別：時(shí)態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成；語態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)boilingwater=thewaterthatisboiling.fallenleaves,boiledwatersleepingchild=thechildwhoisasleepamovingfilm,amovedgirlTherewasasurprisedlookonherfaceatthenews.,動(dòng)詞不定式作定1.后置，表示將來Intheyearstocome,wewillstudyharderandharder.ThisistheHopeProjectSchooltobebuiltnextyear.,2.當(dāng)特定的謂語動(dòng)詞(有,需要,給,找,弄have,need,want,give,find,get)后的名詞(或賓語)用不定式來修飾.1.Ihavealotofworktodo.2.Iwanttogetsomethingtoread.3.Doyouneedsomewatertodrink?4.Pleasegivemeapieceofpapertowriteon.5.Letsfindaroomtoputthosethingsin.,3.當(dāng)名詞有特定的定語,如形容詞副詞的最高級(jí),序數(shù)詞及next,only,right等,其后接不定式作定語Heisthefirst(student)tocomeandthelasttoleave.Whereisthebestplacetomeet?Weneedthenextroomtoholdcorn.Heistheonlypersontobefitforthejob.,4.一些需要不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化成的名詞,agreement,attempt,decision,need,promise,plan,wish等,常用不定式來修飾.Thereisnoneedtosendforadoctor.注:(1)不及物動(dòng)詞或特殊用法,要加合適的介詞.Theyneedahousetolivein.Therearemanymodelbikestochoosefrom.,Practise,1Theman_(stand)overtherenow.2Theman_(stand)overtherethen.3Theman_(stand)overthereyesterday.4Theman_(stand)overthereveryoften.5Theman_(stand)overtheretomorrow.,isstandingwasstandingstoodstandswillstand,1Theman_(stand)overtherenowisfromAmerica.2Theman_(stand)overtherethenisfromAmerica.3Theman_(stand)overthereyesterdayisfromAmerica.4Theman_(stand)overthereveryoftenisfromAmerica.5Theman_(stand)overtheretomorrowisfromAmerica.,whoisstandingwhowasstandingwhostoodwhostandswhowillstand,(whois)standing(whowas)standing(who)stood-standing(who)stands-standing(whowill)stand-tostand,Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms,Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms,Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms,Fillintheblankswithverbsgivenintheirproperforms,1,Thebuilding_(build)herenow.2,Thebuilding_(build)herethen.3,Thebuilding_(build)herelastyear.4,Thebuilding_(build)hereveryoften.5,Thebuilding_(build)herealready.6,Thebuilding_(build)herenextyear.,1,Thebuilding_(build)herenowisaschool.2,Thebuilding_(build)herethenisaschool.3,Thebuilding_(build)herelastyearisaschool.4,Thebuilding_(build)hereveryoftenisaschool5,Thebuilding_(build)herealreadyisaschool.6,Thebuilding_(build)herenextyear.,isbeingbuiltwasbeingbuiltwasbuiltisbuilthasbeenbuiltwillbebuilt,whichisbeingbuiltwhichwasbeingbuiltwhichwasbuiltthatisbuiltthathasbeenbuiltthatwillbebuilt,(whichis)beingbuilt(whichwas)beingbuilt(whichwas)built(thatis)built(thathasbeen)built(thatwill)tobebuilt,Task:completethefollowingsentences,1.Doyouknowthegirl_(名叫沙麗的）？Whoisthewoman_(站在柜臺(tái)后的）Whatisthehouse_(在建的）usedfor?Wellmoveintothebuilding_(明年竣工的）Herwish_（當(dāng)一名作家）willsurelycometrue.Wheredoyouthinkisthebestplace_(放這個(gè)書架）？Canyougetme_（一些水喝）Whoistherightperson_（適合這項(xiàng)工作）？Itsfallalreadyandyoucansee_(地上有很多落葉）Whoistheboy_（經(jīng)常在操場(chǎng)上踢足球）？,called/namedSally,Standingbehindthecounter,beingbuilt,tobecompletednextyear,tobeawriter,toputthebookshelf,somewatertodrink,tobefitforthejob,manyfallenleavesontheground,oftenplayingfootballontheplayground,Multiplechoice1.Atthesightofthestranger,therewasa_expressiononherfaceSurprisedB,surprisingC,shockingD,angry2.Thesupermarket_isthebiggestoneinourcity.A.havingalreadybeenbuiltB,hasingalreadybeenbuiltC.beingalreadybuiltD,alreadybuilt,非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語,一、帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)(abrightpacefoul一次聰明的速度犯規(guī))A在allow,ask,advise,beg,command,cause,encourage,expect,force,get,hateinvitelikeorderpermitpreferremindtellurgewant,wish等動(dòng)詞后,用帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)(1)Ipreferyounottoplayalldaylong.(2)Idlikeyoutohelpmewithmyhomework.(3)Youdbettergetmorepeopletodothework.,二、表示見解看法的動(dòng)詞+賓語+帶to的不定式(tobedoing/tohavedone).具有這種用法的動(dòng)詞有:believe,consider,declare,discover,feel,find,guess,imagine,judge,suppose,think,understand1,Wefoundtherumortrue.2,Iconsiderhimtohavedonewrong.3,Ialwaysimaginemetobeamillionaire.4,Ifelthimtobeaspy,三、“短語動(dòng)詞+賓語+帶to的不定式”這類動(dòng)詞有arrangefor,askfor,callon,counton,dependon,longfor,relyon,waitfor1.YoucannotcountonTomtohelpyou.ChairmanMaocalledonustoservethepeopleheartandsoul.,四、省to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)：賓補(bǔ)省to記11,一感二聽三使役;五看一幫兩均可,被動(dòng)該to不能棄.feel,hear,listento,have,let,make,see,lookat,notice,observe,watch,helpWeoftenseethemplayfootball;TheyareoftenseentoplayfootballHewasmadetostandoutsidefortwohours,分詞短語作賓補(bǔ)一.能帶現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:have,get,keep,set,send,leave,catch,hear,listento,feel,see,find,lookat,watch,observe,noticeMyfatherhadonlytwomenworkingforhimDonthavethehorserunningsofast,Itsdangerous.Haveyounoticedtheboypassingacrossthestreet?,過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)二、能帶過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有make,have,getleave及感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,lookat,findhearlistento,feel等.賓語與補(bǔ)語的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)含義時(shí)，用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)Iwassurprisedtoseesomanypeopleseatedatthebackoftheclass.IhaveneverheardthissongsungsosweetlyYoudbettergetyourbikerepairedatonce,Task:completethefollowingsentences,1.Theyrequiredme_(不要泄漏秘密）2._（我們勸他戒煙）,buthewouldnt.3.Weoftengoandseethem_(打籃球）4.Idiscoveredhim_(在說謊）5.Wefoundthem_(已經(jīng)提前完成了任務(wù)）6.Theyweremade_(夜以繼日地干活）7.Thetwocheats_(讓燈亮了一整夜）8.Thethiefwascaught_(在商店里偷竊）9.Thegunshotsentthebirds_(四處飛去）10.Theyareexpected_(越來越努力學(xué)習(xí)）,nottoletoutthesecret,Weadvisedhimtogiveupsmoking,playbasketball,tobetellinglies,tohavecompletedtheirtaskaheadoftime,toworkdayandnight,hadthelampsburningallnightlong,stealinginashop,flyingawayinallthedirections,tostudyharderandharder,Multiplechoice1.Themissingboywaslastseen_bytheriver.playingB,playC,playedD,toplay2.Donthavethehorse_sofast;Itsdangerous.A,torunB,runsC,runningD,ran3.Tomhadhispocket_onabusthismorning.A,pickB,topickC,pickingD,picked,4.Peopleinthesouthoftenhavetheirhouses_bamboo.madeofB,makingofC,tobemadeofD,makeof5.People_onthecoastoftenhavetheirhouses_byhurricanesA,living;damagingB,living;damagedC,lived,damagedD,live;damage6.Iwillgobacktoourhometown.Doyouhaveanything_home?totakeB,takingC,tobetakenD,taken7.Pleasecomehere;Ihavesomethingimportant_you.A,tellingB,tobetoldC,toldD,totell8.Girlsarenotallowed_theirfingernailsredatschool.paintedB,paintingC.topaintD,tobepainted9.Youdbettergetmorepeople_theworkimmediately.AtodoB,doingCdoD,done10.Youdbettergetthework_atonce;Itsgongtorain.AtodoB,doingCdoD,done11.MissSara,I_attherailwaystation.Mybossisbusynow.AamgoingtoseeyouoffB,toseeyouoffC.amabouttoseeyouoffD,mustseeyouoff12.Whathesaidgotus_alltheway.A.laughingB,laughC,tolaughD,laughed,非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語,（1）不定式做狀語，表示原因,目的或結(jié)果。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的,可與inorderto或soasto連用。1,Ireachedhomeonlytofindmyolddogdead.2,Hegotupearly(inorder)tocatchtheearlybus.3,ToimproveourEnglish,wecomehere.4,Imsogladtoseeyou.5,Theywenttotherailwaystation,onlytobetoldthatthetrainhadleft.注:(1)“only+不定式”表示出乎預(yù)料的結(jié)果.Hewenttotheseasideonlytobedrowned,(2)不定式表結(jié)果常與下列結(jié)構(gòu)連用.A,so+adj/adv+as(not)todo(如此以至于(沒）)Imnotsostupidastodothat.B,such+(adj)n+as(not)todo(如此以至于(不)Imnotsuchafoolastobelievethat.C,enough+n+todo(足夠)Idonthaveenoughmoneytobuyacar.D,adj/adv+enough+todo(足已到/能)Thegirlisoldenoughtogotoschool.E,too+adj/adv+todo(太以至于不能)Imtootiredtogoanyfurther.,分詞作狀語,分詞作狀語可以表示時(shí)間，條件，原因，結(jié)果，伴隨或方式，及獨(dú)立成分。分詞作狀語的首要條件是分詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語，分詞與邏輯主語的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)的，用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之，用過去分詞1,Hearingthenews,hecouldnthelplaughing.（時(shí)間）=2,Givenenoughtime,Icandoitbetter（條件）=3,Beingill,hedidntgotoschool（原因）=4,Theglassfelltotheground,breakingintopieces.(結(jié)果）=5,Ourteachercamein,followedbymanystudents(伴隨）=6,Judgingfromhisaccent,heisfromAmerica.7,Generallyspeaking,onemustbeconfident.,whenheheardthenews,IfIamgivenenoughtime,Becausehewasill,sothatitbrokeintopieces.,andhewasfollowedbymanystudents,Task:completethefollowingsentences,1.Hecameintotheroom,_(后面簇?fù)碇S多學(xué)生）2.Hismotherdied,_(使他成為一個(gè)孤兒）3.Hewenttotherailwaystation,_(卻得知火車已經(jīng)開了）4.Imsoglad_(見到你）.Bye-by.5.Wegotupearly_(為了趕上早班車）6._(從山頂上看）,theparklooksmorebeautiful.7._（作為學(xué)生），healwayskeepsaciviltongue.8._(因?yàn)闅埣玻?，Tomcannotmovearound.9.Heissolazy_(以至于考試沒有及格）10.Sheisoldenough_（結(jié)婚）11.Youcanneverbetoocareful_（做工作）12.Sheistooclever_(不會(huì)不理解你的話）13.Oneisnevertooold_(而不能學(xué)習(xí)）14.Iambuttoohappy_(被邀請(qǐng)參加你的聚會(huì)）15._(從口音上判斷),youreaHarbinese16.Imnotsuchafool_(會(huì)相信你的鬼話）17.Hewenttohelptheoldman,_(卻被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄）,followedbymanystudents,leavinghimanorphan,onlytotoldthatthetrainhadleft,tohaveseenyou,soastocatchtheearlybus,SeenfromtopofthehillBeingastudent,Beingdisabled,asnottopasstheexam,togetmarried,todoyourwork,nottounderstandyou,tolearn,tobeinvitedtoyourbirthdayparty,Judgingfromhisaccent,astobelieveyournonsense,onlytobeputintoprison,非謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài),主動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞一般時(shí)tododoingdoing進(jìn)行時(shí)tobedoing完成時(shí)tohavedonehavingdonehavingdone被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般時(shí)tobedonebeingdonedone進(jìn)行時(shí)beingdone完成時(shí)tohavebeendonehavingbeendonehavingbeendone,動(dòng)名詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法,1.動(dòng)名詞的一般形式表示一般性動(dòng)作，（即是不明確過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膭?dòng)作）或是與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作WeareinterestedinclimbingmountainsIprefersingingtodancing2如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)名詞的完成時(shí)，要用完成形式Iregrethavingtakenheradvice.Hewaspraisedforhavingpassedtheexam.3當(dāng)一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞邏輯上的主語是該動(dòng)名詞的承受者，這個(gè)動(dòng)名詞要用被動(dòng)形式HeenteredtheroomwithoutbeingseenHerememberedbeingtakentoBeijingwhenhewasachild4如果動(dòng)名詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前，要用完成形式HeisproudofhavingbeensenttoworkinTibet.Tomregrettednothavingbeeninvitedtotheparty.,不定式時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法,1.不定式的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，用一般時(shí)態(tài)Hewantedtoseeyou2.強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)WhenIcamein,hepretendedtobereadingabookHeissaidtobewritinganovel3.強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式的動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生時(shí)，用不定式完成時(shí)Heissaidtohavewrittenanovel.Imsogladtohaveseenyou.Thegroundissowet,Itmusthaverainedlastnight,不定式被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法.A,當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是不定式的承受者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)SheaskedtobesenttoworkinTibet(賓語)ThebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoEnglish(或叫合Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere(主語),句子的主語是不定式的邏輯主語，盡管不定式與被修飾詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，也還要用主動(dòng)語態(tài)1,GivehimsomebooktoreadDoyouhaveanyclothestowash?“Doyouhaveanyclothestobewashed?”askedthemaid2,S+be+easydifficulthardpleasantinterestingexcitingcomfortable+todoThisquestioniseasytoanswerTheboyisdifficulttoteach3,ThehouseistoletThemanageristoblame.Thereasonisnotfartoseek.4Therebe句型中，主動(dòng)形式或被動(dòng)形式均可但有時(shí)含意不同Thereisnothingtodonow(wehavenothingtodonow)現(xiàn)在沒事干Thereisnothingtobedonenow(wecandonothingnow)現(xiàn)在沒什么辦法Thereisnothingtosee(nothingisworthseeing)沒有東西值得看Thereisnothingtobeseen看不見有什么東西,分詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法,如果強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前，要用完成形式。Nothavingfinishedhishomework,Tomwasmadetostayatschool.Havingclosedallthewindows,IwenthomeHavingbeeninvitedtotheparty,Tomwasveryhappy.,分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生。分詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系時(shí)被動(dòng)的，要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.Lookingoutofthewindow,Icanseemanycarsandbuses.2.SeenfromthetopofDragonTower,Harbinlooksmorebeautiful.3.Theteachercamein,_manystudents.(follow)4.Theteachercamein,_bymanystudents.(follow),following,followed,如果強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，要用分詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。1.Beingrepaired,thebuildingisforbiddentoenter.2.ThehousebeingbuiltnowisaHopeProjectSchool.3.Passingbytheaccidentscene,Isawthemanbadlyhurtbeingcarriedontoanambulance.,Task:completethefollowingsentences,1.“（你有衣服要洗嗎）?themaidasked.2._(沒有完成作業(yè)),TomwasforbiddentowatchTV.3._(正在刷油漆),thehousewasnotallowedtoenter.4._(被邀請(qǐng)參加舞會(huì)),Maryfeltexcited.5.Thedifficultmathsproblem_(很難算出）.6.Shewasangryfor_(沒有被邀請(qǐng)）totheball.7.Thethiefstoleintothestore_(沒人看到）8.Theflat_(出租）9.Themanwhowasondutythatday_(應(yīng)受譴責(zé)）10.Theywe