第四講第四講 中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)完形填空專項(xiàng)練習(xí)中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)完形填空專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 鐘聰 原創(chuàng) 2007 05 11 點(diǎn)擊數(shù) 4434 完形填空題是對(duì)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)與語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的一種測(cè)試 其考查的形式靈活 綜合性較強(qiáng) 要求考生能綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)的知識(shí)在特定的語(yǔ)境中進(jìn)行合理的推理判斷 并能 準(zhǔn)確地從四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)中選出正確答案 使補(bǔ)足后的短文結(jié)構(gòu)完整 意義通暢 一 做題中的推測(cè)手段一 做題中的推測(cè)手段 1 1 根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推測(cè) 根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推測(cè) 注意上下文的邏輯關(guān)系和文章的邏輯關(guān)系是做好完形填空題的關(guān)鍵 它要求考生在了 解文章大意的基礎(chǔ)上 聯(lián)系上下文 運(yùn)用思維邏輯進(jìn)行比較 判斷 找出既符合詞義 句 意 又符合上下文語(yǔ)境 合理的正確答案 2 2 根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志進(jìn)行推測(cè) 根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志進(jìn)行推測(cè) 語(yǔ)篇一般是指比單一句子長(zhǎng)的語(yǔ)言單位 如句群 段落 篇章等 語(yǔ)篇和語(yǔ)篇之間往 往有標(biāo)明其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞語(yǔ) 這些詞語(yǔ)稱為 語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志 例如 表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的 firstly secondly 等 表示邏輯關(guān)系的 therefore so but 等 表示話題改變的 by the way 等 在做完形填空題時(shí) 充分利用這些語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志可以迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò) 弄清上下 文之間的關(guān)系 3 3 根據(jù)文化背景知識(shí)進(jìn)行推測(cè) 根據(jù)文化背景知識(shí)進(jìn)行推測(cè) 完形填空題考查的知識(shí)面較廣 從文化 科學(xué)常識(shí) 到歷史地理知識(shí) 從風(fēng)俗民情到 民族習(xí)慣等等 無(wú)所不考 考生在做這類題時(shí) 要特別注意中西文化方面所存在的差異 具備了一定的文化背景知識(shí) 才能比較準(zhǔn)確地判斷正確答案 4 4 根據(jù)常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷 根據(jù)常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷 中學(xué)生已經(jīng)掌握了較豐富的科學(xué)與生活常識(shí) 也具備了一定的判斷能力 在考查語(yǔ)言 知識(shí)和技能的同時(shí) 考查這些簡(jiǎn)單的常識(shí)性的問(wèn)題 也是對(duì)學(xué)生知識(shí)面的檢測(cè) 5 5 根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)進(jìn)行推測(cè) 根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)進(jìn)行推測(cè) 對(duì)于考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的考題 不僅要理解上下文的邏輯關(guān)系 更要有針對(duì)性地對(duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié) 構(gòu) 句式特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析 并根據(jù)其語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和句式特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行合理推測(cè) 從而迅速解決問(wèn)題 6 6 運(yùn)用詞匯知識(shí)推測(cè)答案 運(yùn)用詞匯知識(shí)推測(cè)答案 完形填空題中對(duì)詞匯知識(shí)的考查 主要集中在詞語(yǔ)的搭配和同義詞的辨析兩大方面 要做好這類題目 首先要有較大的詞匯量 較強(qiáng)的詞語(yǔ)搭配能力 以及在語(yǔ)句中理解詞義 的能力 做題時(shí)要結(jié)合上下文的語(yǔ)境 確定詞的意義 二 例題解析二 例題解析 Ring ring the telephone suddenly rang Sam got up to 1 the call It was his aunt Sam 2 are you still at home she asked surprisingly Sam 1ooked at the clock It was already 7 30 a m Oh my goodness There s an important 3 today Sam shouted out He hurried to wash his face and get 4 When he was going to leave the house he 5 that he had not put away his books He ran quickly to the 6 and put them into the bag He then went to the bus stop to go to school as 7 as he could When he got into the classroom his classmates were 8 writing Why are you so 9 asked the teacher I m sorry sir Sam answered afraid of looking 10 It was my clock It 11 to wake me up this morning and Don t say anything about it his teacher 12 him Don t try to come late next time Sam said yes and walked to his 13 quickly But when he tried to do the paper he could not 14 in a right way He put his head on the desk and said What a 15 day it has been for me 1 A find B give C put D answer 2 A why B how C when D where 3 A talk B party C exam D meeting 4 A tired B lost C dressed D rested 5 A forgot B remembered C understood D thought 6 A classroom B desk C bus D door 7 A carefully B quietly C early D fast 8 A worried B free C busy D careful 9 A 1ate B ill C lonely D ready 10 A down B up C out D back 11 A happened B stopped C failed D pointed 12 A helped B knew C followed D stopped 13 A room B table C seat D teacher 14 A think B sit C turn D speak 15 A short B bad C happy D usual 分析分析 這是一篇關(guān)于一個(gè)學(xué)生考試遲到的事 短文一開(kāi)始就是電話鈴聲 Sam 應(yīng)該起 來(lái)接電話 所以第 l 空中應(yīng)選 D 這四個(gè)動(dòng)詞中只有 answer 能表示 接電話 這個(gè)含義 第 2 空中要選擇一個(gè)副詞 句中已含有 still at home 等狀語(yǔ) 故不能選擇 when where how 表示方式 如用在本句中則句意不通 所以選 A 第 3 空 從后文知 Sam 是到學(xué)校去 故應(yīng)選 C 對(duì)于學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō) exam 是學(xué)生最可能要做的事 并且后文說(shuō)到其他學(xué)生在 writing 第 4 空 get dressed 意為 穿衣服 要注意這個(gè)短語(yǔ)的完整性 第 5 空 從 前一句中的動(dòng)詞 leave 以及后文中的一系列動(dòng)作可知 本空中應(yīng)填 remembered 才符合邏輯 其他詞不能使文章通順 第 6 空要注意分析備選項(xiàng)的意義 從后文 he had not put away his books 可知選 B 最合適 因書應(yīng)該是放在課桌上 第 7 空中應(yīng)填 fast 因 Sam 要遲到 了 第 8 空中要注意在形容詞后接 writing 故選 busy 第 9 空 從上文知 Sam 已經(jīng)遲 到了 故老師應(yīng)問(wèn)他遲到的原因 選 A 第 10 空表明 Sam 的態(tài)度 他害怕抬頭看老師 故 選 up 第 11 空 Sam 所陳述的理由是鬧鐘未響 故填 C failed 第 12 空 從上文 Sam 的話沒(méi)說(shuō)完知道這時(shí)老師打斷了他的話 故選 D stopped 第 13 空 Sam 在教室里走去 的當(dāng)然是 C seat 第 14 空 本空說(shuō)明 Sam 思維混亂 不能思考 選 A 第 15 空 綜合 上文可知 Sam 感到這一天太糟糕 故選 B 三 專項(xiàng)練習(xí)三 專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 閱讀下面的短文 理解大意 然后從各小題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案 使短文 連貫完整 第 第 1 1 組 組 A hot dog is one of the most popular American foods It was named after frankfurter a German food You may hear hot dog 1 in other ways People sometimes say hot dog to express 2 For example 例如 a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema You might say Great I would love to go Or you could say 4 I would love to go People 5 use the expression to describe 描寫 someone who is a show off who tries to show everyone else how 6 he is You often hear such 7 called a hot dog He may be a baseball player for example who 8 the ball with one hand making a n 9 catch seem more difficult You know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch he bows 鞠躬 to the crowd hoping to win their 10 1 A eaten B used C cooked D picked 2 A strength B practice C pleasure D reply 3 A if B how C when D where 4 A Hot dog B Don t worry C Never mind D Excuse me 5 A ever B also C still D yet 6 A hopeful B careful C kind D great 7 A a dog B a hand C a person D an action 8 A catches B plays C passes D throws 9 A hard B funny C exciting D easy 10 A thanks B cheers C medals D matches 第 第 2 2 組 組 Mark Twain the famous writer and speaker liked to play jokes on others But once a joke was played 1 him One day Mark Twain gave a lecture in a small town At lunch a young man told him that his uncle 2 laughed Nobody and nothing could make his uncle 3 But Twain said he was 4 he could make him laugh He asked the young man to 5 his uncle to his house That evening Mark Twain told some 6 stories Everyone there laughed 7 the old man never even smiled Twain told the funniest stories but the old man did not laugh 8 At last he stopped He was very tired Some days later Mark Twain told a friend of 9 about this story His friend laughed and said that he knew that old man He was 10 1 A at B on C with D in 2 A always B sometimes C often D never 3 A laugh B cry C speak D read 4 A afraid B sorry C sure D happy 5 A leave B carry C bring D show 6 A unhappy B terrible C sad D interesting 7 A so B but C and D or 8 A too B either C also D already 9 A theirs B mine C his D hers 10 A deaf B blind C asleep D dead 第 第 3 3 組 組 Traffic accidents killed more than 104 000 people in China last year Chinese cities have 1 cars than before Every day many people are 2 while they cross the road Most of 3 are old people and children Old people are often killed 4 they usually can t see clearly or hear very well 5 are killed because they are careless A car truck or bus can t stop very 6 if it is going very fast The faster a car is traveling 7 it takes to stop But people walking in the street do not always understand this It s 8 for people to know how fast a car is traveling The new traffic laws were put into use 9 May 1st 2004 The new traffic laws will 10 the streets safer for walking and driving 1 A bigger B more C fewer D smaller 2 A killed B caught C shot D attacked 3 A it B you C them D us 4 A when B because C if D though 5 A Drivers B Women C Old people D Children 6 A quickly B hardly C clearly D slowly 7 A the faster B the safer C the farther D the longer 8 A difficult B easy C dangerous D true 9 A in B at C on D for 10 A take B make C stop D find 第 第 4 4 組 組 Imagine you receive an e mail that looks something like this ARE YOU GOING TO CLASS TODAY How does 1 this message make you feel Why did the sender use 2 capital 大寫 letters Was he or she angry 3 did that person just 4 to turn off the Caps Lock 大寫鎖定 on the computer This e mail sounds like the 5 is shouting because using all capital letters in an e mail is 6 the way that people shout online Knowing when and when not to 7 capital letters is just one 8 of online etiquette 禮儀 Don t do anything online that you wouldn t do in 9 life Don t use information that someone else has written and 10 it s yours Do share 分 享 your knowledge of the Internet with others 1 A reading B typing C watching D leaving 2 A some B all C any D none 3 A but B or C and D so 4 A start B begin C forget D remember 5 A writer B worker C nurse D student 6 A hardly B carefully C silently D usually 7 A copy B believe C double D use 8 A mistake B advice C example D game 9 A digital B real C quiet D healthy 10 A speak B tell C talk D say 第 第 5 5 組 組 On the morning of May 2 1980 Rosalie Warren received the envelope 信封 with her grades 等第 in it As she 1 it Warren wanted to know whether her hundreds of 2 of studying had paid off They had I 3 five A s she still remembers the moment happily I 4 fell on the floor Warren was born on August 29 1900 Two years 5 she entered 進(jìn)入 high school her father died Warren had to leave school for factory work to help support 支撐 her 6 Warren was a person who always 7 school In 1975 when she was 75 she learned about Suffolk University s 大學(xué)的 tuition free 免學(xué)費(fèi)的 program Now she is not 8 with learning It s my 9 to go to school she says Nancy Stoll head of students says Warren is a good 10 for our younger students that learning is a lifetime activity 活動(dòng) 1 A wrote B made C opened D bought 2 A dollars B hours C books D grades 3 A spelt B chose C got D guessed 4 A already B always C almost D also 5 A before B after C till D while 6 A family B school C factory D classmates 7 A had B liked C built D founded 8 A finished B started C left D kept 9 A duty B work C life D mistake 10 A visitor B example C member D headmaster 第 第 6 6 組 組 Swimming is very popular in summer People like swimming in summer because water makes them 1 cool If you like swimming but swim in a 2 place it may not be safe These years more than ten people 3 while they were enjoying themselves in the water and 4 of them were students But some people are 5 not careful in swimming They often think they swim so 6 that nothing can happen to them in water Summer is here again If you go swimming in summer don t forget 7 better swimmers have died in water They died because they were not careful not because they 8 swim So don t get into water when you are alone 9 there is a No Swimming sign don t get into water 10 If you remember these swimming will be safer 1 A felt B to feel C feeling D feel 2 A difficult B wrong C right D small 3 A have died B die C died D will die 4 A much B more C lot D most 5 A still B already C yet D even 6 A will B often C fast D hard 7 A what B who C which D that 8 A needn t B wouldn t C couldn t D mustn t 9 A Because B If C Whether D Though 10 A also B nor C either D too 第 第 7 7 組 組 Mr Johnson was having trouble with his stomach 胃 1 he went to see a doctor The doctor examined 檢查 his stomach 2 but couldn t find any problem Then he said Well Mr Johnson take it easy There s 3 serious Stop smoking and then you ll be all right very 4 But doctor answered Mr Johnson I 5 I don t like smoking at all Oh I see said the doctor then stop drinking alcohol 酒 6 But I don t drink alcohol answered Mr Johnson Don t drink 7 tea or coffee then the doctor said to him I 8 drink water answered Mr Johnson I don t like tea or coffee The doctor 9 for a while and then said Well what do you like to eat then Potatoes I like potatoes very much Mr Johnson answered at once All right then stop 10 potatoes said the doctor as he got up to say goodbye to Mr Johnson 1 A so B but C or D for 2 A slowly B happily C quickly D carefully 3 A anything B something C nothing D everything 4 A early B soon C late D much 5 A won t smoke B never smoked C couldn t smoke D needn t smoke 6 A from now on B just now C from then on D until now 7 A any B many C some D little 8 A will B won t C don t D only 9 A thinks B though C is thinking D has thought 10 A cutting B buying C eating D washing 第 第 8 8 組 組 The bicycle is one of the simplest yet most useful inventions in the world What is most surprising is that it was not 1 earlier although the great inventor Leonardo da Vinci had drawn pictures for bicycles and also for flying machines and some other things Those things were not produced 2 long after he died A person riding a bicycle uses 3 energy 能源 to make the bicycle move and there is no pollution 污染 at all when you are riding Even so in deve