UNIT3MORETHANWORDSUSEFULINFORMATIONHUMANSARENOTTHEONLYLIVINGTHINGSTHATCANCOMMUNICATEINFORMATIONTOONEANOTHERTHEREARESOMEINTERESTINGFORMSOFCOMMUNICATIONAMONGOTHERANIMALFORMSHONEYBEES,FOREXAMPLE,PERFORMAKINDOFDANCETHATACCURATELYTRANSMITSINFORMATIONABOUTTHEDIRECTION,DISTANCE,ANDNATUREOFAFOODSOURCEDOGSANDWOLVESEMPLOYSCENTSTOCOMMUNICATE,INADDITIONTOBARKS,HOWLS,ANDGROWLSTHEYALSOUSEASYSTEMOFVISUALSIGNALSTHATINCLUDESNOTONLYFACIALEXPRESSIONSANDBODYMOVEMENTSBUTALSOPOSITIONSOFTHETAILCOMMUNICATIONGETSMORECOMPLEXWITHTHESOCIALORGANIZATIONSOFANIMALSAFTERHUMANS,THENONHUMANPRIMATESHAVETHEMOSTINTRICATESYSTEMSFARFROMDEPENDINGPRIMARILYONVOCALIZATIONS,ASWEMIGHTEXPECT,THENONHUMANPRIMATESSEEMTORELYHEAVILYONCOMBINATIONSOFGESTURES,FACIALEXPRESSIONSANDPOSTURESASWELLASSOUNDSJUSTASISTRUEWITHHUMANS,THENONHUMANPRIMATESAREABLETOLENDMANYSHADESOFMEANINGTOTHEIRBODYLANGUAGEVOCABULARYHOWEVER,THEREAREIMPORTANTOCCASIONSWHENONLYSOUNDSWILLDODISCOVERINGSOMETHINGGOODTOEAT,FOREXAMPLE,AMONKEYORAPEWILLLETOUTACRYOFPLEASURETHATBRINGSTHERESTOFTHETROOPSRUNNINGOR,SENSINGDANGER,ITWILLGIVEASHRIEKTHATCAUSESITSCOMPANIONSTOSEEKSHELTERTHISWORDLESSCOMMUNICATIONSYSTEMSERVESTHENONHUMANPRIMATESEXTREMELYWELLITISCOMPLEXANDALLOWSTHEMTODOMUCHYET,FORALLITSCOMPLEXITYITFALLSSHORTOFHUMANLANGUAGETHEGIFTOFLANGUAGEPROVIDESAMAGNIFICENTLYEFFICIENTANDVERSATILESYSTEMOFCOMMUNICATIONITSCODEDSERIESOFSOUNDSCONVEYSTHOUGHTATLEASTTENTIMESFASTERTHANANYOTHERMETHODOFSIGNALINGCANFASTERTHANHANDSIGNS,MOVINGPICTURES,OREVENOTHERKINDSOFVOCALIZATIONLANGUAGEISMANSPASSPORTTOATOTALLYNEWLEVELOFSOCIALORGANIZATION,THETOOLTHATENABLESHIMTOVARYHISBEHAVIORTOMEETCHANGINGCONDITIONSINSTEADOFBEINGLIMITEDBYTHELESSFLEXIBLEACTIONPATTERNSTHATOTHERPRIMATESHAVETHROUGHLANGUAGE,MANCANSTEPOUTSIDEHIMSELFANDGIVETHINGSNAMES,REFLECTONTHEMANDREFERTOTHEMINTHEPASTANDTHEFUTUREMOSTIMPORTANTOFALL,LANGUAGEGIVESMANTHECAPACITYTOSHAREHISTHOUGHTSANDTOPASSALONGLEARNEDBEHAVIORTOSUCCEEDINGGENERATIONSSINCEWEAREALLHUMANS,WEMIGHTTHINKTHATWEWOULDALLHAVETHESAMECOMMUNICATIONSTYLESTHISISNOTTRUESOMETIMES,DIFFERENTPERSONALITIESANDDIFFERENTCULTURESCANMAKEITSEEMASIFWECOMEFROMCOUNTRIESWITHDIFFERENTTRAFFICSIGNALSYSTEMSINTERPRETINGTHELIGHTSHOWEVERWESEEFITSOMEOFUSCHARGEFORWARD,ALWAYSSAYINGEXACTLYWHATWETHINKINEVERYSITUATION,ASSUMINGTHELIGHTISGREENUNTILWEENCOUNTERAROADBLOCKOTHERSOFUSALWAYSWORRYABOUTHOWWHATWESAYCAUSESOTHERSTOREACTTOWARDSUSANDASSUMETHATTHELIGHTISREDUNLESSSOMEONETELLSUSITSGREENWEDONTSAYWHATWETHINKUNTILGIVENTHE“GOAHEAD”STILLOTHERSOFUSSEEYELLOWATEVERYCOMMUNICATIONINTERSECTION,PROCEEDINGWITHCAUTION,ATTUNEDTOSIGNSTHATOTHERSHAVEMISSEDEACHOFTHESESYSTEMSHASADVANTAGESINSOMEINSTANCESAYELLOWLIGHTPERSONISMORELIKELYTOAVOIDMISCOMMUNICATIONPROBLEMS,WHEREASAGREENLIGHTPERSONCANQUICKLYCAUSEHARDFEELINGSWITHOUTEVENTHINKINGABOUTITFURTHERMORE,AREDLIGHTPERSONMAYENDUPBEINGAVERYPOORCOMMUNICATORBECAUSEHEHESITATESTOEVEREXPRESSHISTRUEFEELINGSANDAPPEARSTOBEASHALLOWINDIVIDUALTHISMAYSEEMTOBEASIMPLISTICANALOGY,BUTITCANBEANINTERESTINGEXERCISETOTHINKABOUTWHICHCOLOROFTHE“LIGHT”YOUTENDTOSEEWHENYOUARECOMMUNICATINGWITHOTHERSCOMMUNICATION,BOTHVERBALANDNONVERBAL,ISAFASCINATINGSUBJECT,ANDASCOMMUNICATORSWEMUSTNOTFORGETTHATHALFOFCOMMUNICATIONISLISTENINGGOODLISTENERSTENDTOBEPOPULAR,WELLLIKEDPEOPLEBECAUSETHEYAPPEARINTERESTEDINTHOSEWITHWHOMTHEYARECOMMUNICATINGTHEYALSOTENDTOMAKEFEWERMISTAKES,FOROBVIOUSREASONSTHUS,INLEARNINGANEWLANGUAGE,ITISESSENTIALTOBOTHSPEAKANDLISTENACCURATELY,JUSTASISTRUEWITHONESOWNNATIVELANGUAGEPARTONEPREPARATION1WHYAREYOUSPEAKINGSTEPONE1HEISEXPRESSINGHISFEELINGS/OPINION/COMMENTHEMIGHTLOVETHISWOMAN,SOHEWANTEDTOGIVETHEWOMANSOMEHINTS,WISHINGTHATHEANDTHEWOMANCOULDDEVELOPARELATIONSHIPASINTIMATEASTHETWOINTHEPICTURE2SHEISCRITICIZINGTHECHILDRENSBEHAVIORANDHOPESTHATTHEYWOULDNOTDOTHISAGAIN3SHEISCURIOUSANDISASKINGABOUTTHEMANSIDEAS4HEISMAKINGASUGGESTIONHEASKSTHEBOYNOTTODISTURBHIMSTEPTWOTOGREETPEOPLE,“GLADTOMEETYOU”TOASKFORDIRECTIONS,“COULDYOUTELLMEWHERETHERAILWAYSTATIONIS”TOMAKEANINVITATION,“IDLIKEFORYOUTOCOMEANDHAVETEAWITHUSONFRIDAY”TOMAKEAREQUEST,“COULDIASKYOUTOWRITEHIMALETTER”TOMAKEANINQUIRY,“DOYOUKNOWTHEASSIGNMENTFORTODAYSENGLISHCLASS”TOAPOLOGIZE,“FORGIVEMEFORBEINGLATE”TOASKFORPERMISSION,“MAYIUSEYOURDICTIONARYTOEXPRESSTHANKS,“IREALLYDONTKNOWHOWICANTHANKYOUENOUGH”2ACTANDGUESSPOSSIBLEVERBPHRASESTOBEWRITTENONTHECARDSFRYINGANEGG,DRIVINGACAR,PLAYINGGOLF,PLAYINGTHEPIANO,TYINGASHOELACE,TAKINGASHOWER,CATCHINGAMOSQUITO,STEALINGAWALLET,ETCNOTETHETEACHERCANSETATIMELIMITFORBOTHTHEACTINGANDGUESSINGTOMAKEITMORECHALLENGINGALSO,STUDENTSSHOULDBEENCOURAGEDTOCOMEUPWITHTHEIROWNPHRASES3IDIOMSRELATEDTOPARTSOFTHEBODY1G2A3H4C5B6E7F8D41E2A3F4B5D6CEXTRAACTIVITY5ACTION,BODYANDEMOTIONSDIRECTIONSOFTENPARTSOFTHEBODYARECLOSELYLINKEDTOPARTICULARVERBSTHECOMBINATIONOFTHEVERBANDPARTOFTHEBODYEXPRESSESCERTAINEMOTIONSORATTITUDESFIRSTCHOOSEANAPPROPRIATEVERBFROMCOLUMNIFORTHENOUNSINCOLUMNII,THENFROMCOLUMNIIICHOOSEAPOSSIBLEEMOTIONORATTITUDESOTHATTHERELEVANTACTIONMAYBEEXPRESSEDKEYLICKLIPSANTICIPATIONWRINKLENOSEDISLIKE,DISTASTERAISEEYEBROWSINQUIRY,SURPRISECLENCHFISTANGER,AGGRESSIONSHRUGSHOULDERSDOUBT,INDIFFERENCESTICKOUTTONGUEDISRESPECTPARTTWOREADINGCENTEREDACTIVITIESINCLASSREADINGIPREREADINGPICTURE1ITMEANS“IAGREE”O(jiān)RITISTOSHOWTHATYOUAREPAYINGATTENTIONPICTURE2ITMEANSYOURESAYING“NO”O(jiān)RITISTOSHOWTHATYOUAREDISAPPOINTEDPICTURE3TOUCHINGONESHEADININDIATHE“OK”SIGNINGERMANYANDBRAZILHUGGINGORKISSINGASTRANGERORACQUAINTANCEINCOUNTRIESLIKECHINATHETHUMBSUPGESTUREINAUSTRALIARESTINGTHEFEETONTABLESORCHAIRSINFRANCECONVERSINGWITHHANDSINPOCKETSINFRANCETOUCHINGORPOINTINGATSOMEONEWITHYOURFEETCROSSINGTHEFIRSTANDSECONDFINGERSHASTWOMEANINGSAWISHINGFORGOODLUCKTOHAPPEN,BIMNOTTELLINGTHETRUTHOFTENDONEWITHTHEHANDBEHINDTHEBACKTOHIDECROSSEDFINGERSFROMVIEWVOCABULARY11AATHEWAYOFLIFEOFAPARTICULARNATIONORGROUPOFPEOPLEBMUSIC,ART,THEATRE,LITERATURE,ETC2BAONEOFTWOORTHREEPERIODSTHATTHESCHOOLORUNIVERSITYYEARISDIVIDEDINTO學(xué)期BAWORDOREXPRESSIONTHATHASAPARTICULARMEANING,ESPECIALLYINATECHNICALORSCIENTIFICSUBJECT術(shù)語(yǔ)3BATHEMONEYORINCOMETHATONEHASBAWAYORMETHODOFDOINGORACHIEVINGSOMETHING4AAAGESTURE,SOUNDORACTIONWHICHISINTENDEDTOGIVEAPARTICULARMESSAGEBASERIESOFRADIOWAVES,LIGHTWAVES,ORCHANGESINELECTRICALCURRENTTHATMAYCARRYINFORMATION5BAASHORTWRITTENORSPOKENNOTEBTHEMOSTIMPORTANTIDEAINABOOK,FILM,SPEECH,ETC6AAONLYBINAWAYTHATISEASYTOUNDERSTAND7BACOMMUNICATIONWITHAPERSON,ORGANIZATION,COUNTRY,ETCBEYECONTACTTWOPEOPLESLOOKINGATEACHOTHERSEYESATTHESAMETIME目光接觸8BAALONGRAISEDMASSOFWATERMOVINGACROSSTHESURFACEOFTHESEA波浪BASIGNOFGREETINGMADEBYRAISINGANDMOVINGTHEHAND手等的揮動(dòng)9AATHEAMOUNTOFAREA,ROOM,ETCTHATISEMPTYORAVAILABLETOBEUSED空地,場(chǎng)地BTHEAREABEYONDEARTHWHEREPLANETS,STARS,MOONS,ETC,EXIST空間,太空10BAUNABLETOFIND遺失BBEDEFEATED,NOTWIN輸?shù)簦?1GESTURE2SIGNAL3MISUNDERSTANDING4BEHAVED5CURLS6MEANINGFUL7RARELY8MEANS9UNFAMILIAR10DECREASED11BOWED12COMMUNICATION13FACIAL14AWARENESS15OCCURTRANSLATION1YOUWONTGETTHEJOBUNLESSYOUVEGOTTHEEXPERIENCE2MOSTOFMYTIMEISSPENTSTUDYINGTHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENCHINESEANDAMERICANCULTURES3THESTATEMENT/SENTENCEISSOCLEARTHATITCANTCAUSEANYMISUNDERSTANDING4HEWISHESHECOULDGIVEHERMOREHELPTHANHEDOES5PUTONYOURCOATORYOULLCATCHCOLD6SHEHASADDEDAPICASSOTOHERCOLLECTION7IAMNOTAWAREOFEVERHAVINGBEENHEREBEFORE8YOUWILLSOONFINDYOURSELFWITHOUTANYFRIENDSATALLIFYOUKEEPONBEINGSORUDETOEVERYBODYAFTERCLASSREADINGPASSAGEI課外閱讀參考譯文學(xué)會(huì)如何聆聽(tīng)1在日常生活中不良的聽(tīng)話(huà)習(xí)慣會(huì)給你造成很大的損害。不論是在工作中還是在社會(huì)生活中，你的成功在很大程度上與你如何聽(tīng)人說(shuō)話(huà)有關(guān)。許多大企業(yè)和二十多所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)都非常關(guān)注我們的不良聽(tīng)話(huà)習(xí)慣。為了找出問(wèn)題的所在，對(duì)付這類(lèi)問(wèn)題，他們開(kāi)設(shè)了“聽(tīng)話(huà)培訓(xùn)班”以及各類(lèi)課程。2我給其中的一個(gè)培訓(xùn)班上課，我的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴我，許多人看似在聽(tīng)，并沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到要點(diǎn)。因此，他們從別人的話(huà)中得出錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)論。當(dāng)我們考慮該對(duì)別人持什么態(tài)度，以及如何使工作成功時(shí)，這是很?chē)?yán)重的問(wèn)題。3那些在許多方面給我們?cè)斐蓳p害的錯(cuò)誤聽(tīng)話(huà)習(xí)慣到底是什么呢在對(duì)培訓(xùn)班上的許多學(xué)員進(jìn)行深入研究時(shí)，我觀察到一些很常見(jiàn)的不良聽(tīng)話(huà)習(xí)慣，下面列舉幾種。4我們沒(méi)有心思等待。我們思維的速度比大多數(shù)人說(shuō)話(huà)的速度快四到十倍。因此當(dāng)我們等著聽(tīng)別人說(shuō)話(huà)的時(shí)候，腦子往往會(huì)走神。有時(shí)侯，走神的時(shí)間挺長(zhǎng)。5自認(rèn)為已經(jīng)知道了。我們很自信以為自己知道別人要說(shuō)些什么，以至于不去全神貫注地聽(tīng)。6我們是在看而不是在聽(tīng)。向你介紹別人時(shí)，有多少次是由于你在注意這個(gè)人的長(zhǎng)相和動(dòng)作而沒(méi)能記住他的名字由于同樣的原因，其他的信息也沒(méi)有聽(tīng)進(jìn)去，而這種情況比你有可能會(huì)意識(shí)到的要多得多。7我們是忙碌的聽(tīng)眾。我們會(huì)一邊聽(tīng)人講話(huà)，一邊注意力分散在報(bào)紙，電臺(tái)或電視節(jié)目上。外界的噪音也會(huì)分散我們一部分注意力。所以我們沒(méi)有真正在“聽(tīng)”也就不足為奇了。8以上是一些常見(jiàn)的聽(tīng)話(huà)時(shí)會(huì)有的毛病。幸運(yùn)的是，只要稍加努力都可以糾正。我提出三種方法來(lái)幫助你成為更好的聽(tīng)眾。9學(xué)會(huì)集中注意力。這是聽(tīng)別人說(shuō)話(huà)的一個(gè)重要部分。試著玩玩這種游戲二加三減五加四乘二減六等于幾類(lèi)似的練習(xí)被用在聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練課程中。10減少分散注意的事物。當(dāng)別人要和你說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)，決意把報(bào)紙放在一邊，也不同時(shí)聽(tīng)電臺(tái)或電視節(jié)目。11復(fù)述指令。練習(xí)復(fù)述指令或指示，要正確無(wú)誤。如果做不到，你顯然無(wú)法正確執(zhí)行這些指令。12有良好的聽(tīng)話(huà)習(xí)慣并非易事。聽(tīng)見(jiàn)、理解、然后記住需要很多精力。要聽(tīng)得準(zhǔn)確，同時(shí)又要做其他事情是非常困難的。但良好的聽(tīng)話(huà)習(xí)慣會(huì)帶來(lái)好結(jié)果的。13如果你識(shí)別那些會(huì)給你造成損害的聽(tīng)話(huà)毛病并能改正之，就會(huì)有好事發(fā)生。傾聽(tīng)他人說(shuō)話(huà)會(huì)使你獲得更親密的友情、更加融洽的家庭關(guān)系。你還可能會(huì)得到更高的收入和更成功的生活。PASSAGEII課外閱讀參考譯文如何同任何人、在任何時(shí)間、任何場(chǎng)合談話(huà)1能善于交談是生活中的一大樂(lè)趣，還能隨之帶來(lái)生活的最大回報(bào)。有時(shí)候這并不是件容易的事。但是，你練習(xí)得越多，就越容易說(shuō)得好。如果你希望能夠和任何人、在任何時(shí)間和任何場(chǎng)合談話(huà)，你需要牢記六個(gè)要素。2首先，你無(wú)需讓人引用你的話(huà)。大部分時(shí)間里，別人并不期待你說(shuō)出雋語(yǔ)。他們也不等著把你所說(shuō)的話(huà)錄下來(lái)。因此，你只要開(kāi)口、講話(huà)。但愿你的話(huà)有趣，可以吸引聽(tīng)眾。3第二，正確的態(tài)度交談的愿望是成為一名能說(shuō)會(huì)道者之根本。努力使自己滿(mǎn)腔熱情地與人交談。別人也會(huì)對(duì)你的熱情做出積極的反應(yīng)，而且你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的確也變得滿(mǎn)腔熱情。另一方面，如果你在與他們的交談中缺乏熱情，別人也很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)，結(jié)果，對(duì)方就會(huì)做出消極的反應(yīng)。4第三點(diǎn)要記住的是要輪流發(fā)言。仔細(xì)傾聽(tīng)會(huì)使你成為更好的發(fā)言者。隨后提問(wèn)提得好也是出色交談?wù)叩臉?biāo)記。傾聽(tīng)是每個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)的一種方式。你聽(tīng)得越多，你為自己成為一名優(yōu)秀的交談?wù)叩臏?zhǔn)備工作就做得越充分。5第四個(gè)要點(diǎn)是應(yīng)該努力開(kāi)闊眼界。最優(yōu)秀的交談?wù)吣軌蛘務(wù)撃切┳约喝粘Ｉ钪獾淖h題和經(jīng)歷。你可以通過(guò)旅游拓寬你的世界，但也可以足不出戶(hù)就做到這一點(diǎn)。當(dāng)然，你能通過(guò)閱讀掌握知識(shí)。但是，要記住的一個(gè)要點(diǎn)是，那些與你背景不同的人可以開(kāi)闊你談話(huà)的內(nèi)容和思考范圍。6第五點(diǎn)要記住的是，談話(huà)不應(yīng)過(guò)分嚴(yán)肅而且時(shí)間也不應(yīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)。幽默感很有用，有時(shí)講個(gè)和自己有關(guān)的小笑話(huà)也會(huì)使談話(huà)輕松起來(lái)。7最后，與人交談要真誠(chéng)。你應(yīng)該對(duì)你的交談對(duì)象坦率、誠(chéng)實(shí)，正如你也會(huì)希望他們這樣對(duì)待你一樣。你要樂(lè)意告訴他們你的背景以及個(gè)人喜惡。那是談話(huà)中互相遷就的一個(gè)重要方面，一個(gè)了解別人的和讓別人了解自己的重要方面。對(duì)自己的情況要照實(shí)說(shuō)，這樣準(zhǔn)沒(méi)錯(cuò)。8無(wú)論你和一個(gè)人交談，還是和許多人交談，規(guī)則都是一樣的。就是建立聯(lián)系。只要顯示你的同情心、熱情和傾聽(tīng)的愿望，你就必然會(huì)成為一名談話(huà)大師。PARTTHREEFURTHERDEVELOPMENT1GRAMMARREVIEWSECTIONA1IDONTKNOWWHETHERTOGOTOTHEMOVIESORSTAYATHOMEANDWATCHTV2IMWONDERINGWHENTOLEAVE3PLEASELETUSKNOWWHERETOSENDYOURMAIL4IHAVENTDECIDEDWHICHCITYTOSETTLEIN5IMNOTSUREWHOMTOASKFORHELP6CANYOUTELL/SHOWMEHOWTOGETTOTHERAILWAYSTATIONFROMHERE7WESHOULDDISCUSSWHATTODOWITHTHEMONEYSECTIONBSAMPLE11THEEARLIERWELEAVE,THESOONERWEWILLARRIVE2THEMOREEXPENSIVETHEHOTEL,THEBETTERTHESERVICE3THEMOREIGOTTOKNOWHIM,THEMOREILIKEDHIM4THELONGERHEWAITED,THEMOREIMPATIENTHEBECAMESAMPLE21THEIRGARDENISTHREETIMESBIGGERTHANOURS2THISHOUSEISTHREETIMESMOREEXPENSIVETHANTHATONE3AHORSECANRUNAHUNDREDTIMESFASTERTHANANANT4SHEWORKSAHUNDREDTIMESMOREEFFICIENTLYTHANTHEOLDSECRETARYSAMPLE31DONTTELLANNWHATISAIDUNLESSSHEASKSYOU2YOUCANTGETAJOBUNLESSYOUVEGOTEXPERIENCE3THEMANSAIDHEWOULDHITMEUNLESSITOLDHIMWHERETHEMONEYWAS4JOECANTHEARUNLESSYOUSHOUT2VOCABULARYREVIEWSECTIONA1EXPANDSEXPANDBECOMELARGERINSIZE,NUMBER,ORAMOUNT,ORTOMAKESOMETHINGBECOMELARGERBROADENAINCREASESOMETHINGSUCHASKNOWLEDGE,EXPERIENCE,ORYOURRANGEOFACTIVITIESBMAKESOMETHINGWIDERORBECOMEWIDER2MEANSMEANVHAVEAPARTICULARMEANINGADJUNKINDORNASTYNTHEAVERAGEAMOUNT,FIGURE,ORVALUE平均數(shù)MEANSNMETHODSTHATYOUUSEASAWAYOFACHIEVINGARESULT3SIGNSIGNANACTORGESTUREUSEDTOCONVEYANIDEA,ADESIRE,INFORMATION,ORACOMMAND示意動(dòng)作SIGNALANINDICATOR,SUCHASAGESTUREORCOLOREDLIGHT,THATSERVESASAMEANSOFCOMMUNICATION信號(hào),暗號(hào)4GENUINETRUENOTFALSE,BASEDONFACTSANDNOTIMAGINEDORINVENTEDGENUINESOMETHINGREAL,NOTFAKE5REWARDPRIZESOMETHINGTHATISGIVENTOSOMEONEWHOISSUCCESSFULINAGAME,COMPETITION,RACE,ETCREWARDSOMETHINGTHATYOURECEIVEBECAUSEYOUHAVEDONESOMETHINGGOODORHELPFUL6FAULTFAULTBLAME,RESPONSIBILITYFORAMISTAKEMISTAKESOMETHINGTHATHASBEENDONEINCORRECTLY,ORSTATEMENTTHATISINCORRECT7EFFORTEFFECTTHEWAYINWHICHANEVENT,ACTION,ORPERSONCHANGESSOMEONEORSOMETHING影響EFFORTANATTEMPTTODOSOMETHING,ESPECIALLYWHENTHISINVOLVESALOTOFHARDWORKORDETERMINATION努力8HORIZONSHORIZONSKNOWLEDGEANDEXPERIENCE視野EYESIGHTTHEABILITYTOSEE視力9HABITCUSTOMAWAYOFBEHAVINGORABELIEFWHICHHASBEENESTABLISHEDFORALONGTIME習(xí)俗HABITSOMETHINGYOUDOOFTENANDREGULARLY,OFTENWITHOUTKNOWINGTHATYOUAREDOINGIT習(xí)慣10RESOLVEDRESOLVEDECIDETODOSOMETHING下決心REVEALMAKEINFORMATIONKNOWN披露（后面不可跟不定式）11RECOGNIZEREALIZEUNDERSTANDSOMETHING意識(shí)到RECOGNIZEIDENTIFYSOMEONEORSOMETHING辨認(rèn)出SECTIONBLANGUAGE,COMMUNICATE,SPEECH,NONVERBALLANGUAGE,BODYLANGUAGE,FACIALEXPRESSION,GESTURE,BODYMOVEMENT,MESSAGE,SAY,WORD,SPEAK,UNDERSTAND,CONVERSATION,READING,WRITING,SPEAKING,CULTURALAWARENESS,PAYATTENTION,EYECONTACT,TELL,PERSONALCONVERSATIONDISTANCE,MISUNDERSTANDING,SHAKEHANDS,LISTENWITHHALFANEAR,LISTENER,CONCENTRATE,RESPOND,FOLLOWUPQUESTION,CONVERSATIONALIST,HUMOR,AWAVEOFTHEHAND,BEHAVE,BEHAVIOR,BOW,CURLTHEFINGERSDOWNWARD,HEAR,LEARN,LOOKDIRECTLYINAPERSONSEYES,NODTHEHEADUPANDDOWN,WAVEGOODBYE3TOBEAGOODLISTENERINTHEENGLISHCLASSSTEPTWO1ISHOULDCONCENTRATETHROUGHOUTTHECLASSANDASKTHEINSTRUCTORTOEXPLAINTHINGSIDONTUNDERSTANDEITHERINCLASSORAFTERCLASS2ISHOULDASKTHEINSTRUCTORTOREPEATTHEQUESTIONFIRSTBYSAYING,“SORRY,IBEGYOURPARDON”ANDTHENDECIDEWHETHERICANANSWERTHEQUESTION3ISHOULDNOTDWELLONWORDSIDONTKNOWINSTEAD,ISHOULDSKIPTHEMANDKEEPGOINGSOTHATIWONTMISSTHEMAINIDEA4ITSNATURALTHATIHAVESOMEDIFFICULTIESINLISTENINGISHOULDNTBESOHARDONMYSELF5ISHOULDPAYMOREATTENTIONTOCONTENTTHANTOWORDSISHOULDLISTENFORMAINIDEASANDOTHERIMPORTANTINFORMATION6ISHOULDLEARNTOINTERPRETTHEINFORMATIONINENGLISH7ISHOULDLISTENTHROUGHOUTALESSONTOGETTHEMESSAGESOTHATIKNOWWHATTOSAYNEXTINEEDNTTAKEMYSELFTOOSERIOUSLY8ISHOULDASKTHESPEAKERTOREPEATOREXPLAINHISORHERWORDSIDONTTHINKILLLOSEFACEBYDOINGSO9ISHOULDLISTENCAREFULLYANDMAKESURETHATIUNDERSTANDISHOULDPAYATTENTIONTOTHEIDEAIWANTTOEXPRESS,NOTONLYTHEWORDS10TOIMPROVEMYLISTENINGSKILLS,IMGOINGTODOMORELISTENINGPRACTICEOUTOFCLASSILLLISTENTOSOMEENGLISHSONGS,NEWSINENGLISH,ANDSOMEENGLISHPROGRAMS4TELEGRAMSSTEPONE1AHOWAREYOUBGREATAWASTHEBABYBORNBYESAHOWISWORKBEVERYTHINGISGOINGONSMOOTHLY2ASHALLWEMEETONMONDAYNIGHTBNO,IMPLANNINGTOPREPAREFORTHEEXAMHOWABOUTTUESDAYNIGHTABUTIMGOINGTOBEBUSYTHENHOWABOUTTHURSDAYNIGHTBALLRIGHT,ILLBEFREETHEN3AWHENISYOURDAUGHTERSWEDDINGTOBEHELDBONMAY1STAWHEREISITTOBEHELDBATTHERITZHOTELSTEPTWOSAMPLEPETERISCALLINGMONICATOASKHERFORADATEPPETERMMONICAMHELLOPHELLO,MONICATHISISPETERMHELLO,PETERPWHATAREYOUDOINGONMONDAYNIGHTTHERESAGREATSHOWATTHEROYALTHEATERMMONDAYNIGHTOHSORRY,IMPLANNINGTOFINISHMYPAPERTHENITSDUETUESDAYMORNINGHOWABOUTTUESDAYNIGHTPWELL,BUTITHINKIHAVETOSEEMYMOTHEROFFTHATNIGHTHOWABOUTTHURSDAYNIGHTWHYDONTWEGOOUTFORDINNER,JUSTYOUANDME,NICEANDROMANTICWECOULDGOTOTHATLITTLERESTAURANTYOULIKESOMUCHMTHATSOUNDSLIKEAGREATI