鄭州航空工業(yè)管理學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）2013屆電子信息工程專(zhuān)業(yè)0913082班級(jí)題目基于STC89C5單片機(jī)的室內(nèi)溫濕度計(jì)的設(shè)計(jì)姓名學(xué)號(hào)指導(dǎo)教師職稱(chēng)講師二一三年五月十九日內(nèi)容摘要本次設(shè)計(jì)是采用MSC51系列單片機(jī)中的STC89C52和DHT11的低成本的溫濕度的檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。本設(shè)計(jì)主要包括硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)和系統(tǒng)軟件的設(shè)計(jì)。硬件電路主要包括單片機(jī)、溫濕度傳感器、顯示模塊、報(bào)警器以及鍵盤(pán)等5部分，由DHT11溫濕度傳感器及1602字符型液晶模塊構(gòu)成系統(tǒng)顯示模塊，該系統(tǒng)電路簡(jiǎn)單、工作穩(wěn)定、集成度高，調(diào)試方便，測(cè)試精度高，具有一定的實(shí)用價(jià)值。其中測(cè)溫濕度控制電路由溫濕度傳感器和預(yù)設(shè)溫度值比較報(bào)警電路組成，用戶(hù)根據(jù)需要輸入預(yù)設(shè)值，當(dāng)實(shí)際測(cè)量的溫濕度大于預(yù)設(shè)的溫濕度數(shù)值時(shí)，發(fā)出報(bào)警信號(hào)（蜂鳴器蜂鳴，LED燈亮）。軟件部分包括了主程序、顯示子程序、測(cè)溫濕度子程序。本次設(shè)計(jì)采用的DHT11溫濕度傳感器是一款含有已校準(zhǔn)數(shù)字輸出的溫濕度復(fù)合傳感器，傳感器包括一個(gè)電阻式感濕原件和一個(gè)NTC測(cè)溫元件，并與一個(gè)高性能的8位單片機(jī)相連接。關(guān)鍵詞溫度測(cè)量；濕度測(cè)量；STC89C52；DHT11ABSTRACTTHISDESIGNISTHEUSEOFMSC51SERIESMCUSTC89C52ANDDHT11INTHELOWCOSTTEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYDETECTIONSYSTEMTHISDESIGNINCLUDESTHEDESIGNOFHARDWAREANDSYSTEMSOFTWAREDESIGNHARDWARECIRCUITINCLUDESAMICROCONTROLLER,TEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYSENSORS,DISPLAYMODULE,THEALARMANDTHEKEYBOARD5,THEDHT11TEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYSENSORAND1602CONSTITUTEASYSTEMOFCHARACTERLCDMODULEDISPLAYMODULE,THESYSTEMCIRCUITISSIMPLE,STABLE,HIGHINTEGRATION,COMMISSIONINGCONVENIENT,HIGHPRECISION,HASSOMEPRACTICALVALUETEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYCONTROLCIRCUITINWHICHTHETEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYSENSORSANDCOMPARETHEVALUEOFTHEPRESETTEMPERATUREALARMCIRCUIT,THEUSERINPUTREQUIREDPREDEFAULTVALUE,WHENTHEACTUALTEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYMEASUREMENTSOFTEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYISGREATERTHANTHEPRESETVALUE,ANALARMSIGNALBEEBUZZERBEEPSOFTWAREPARTINCLUDESTHEMAINPROGRAM,DISPLAYROUTINES,SUBROUTINESSIDETEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITY。THEDESIGNUSESTHEDHT11TEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYSENSORSISADIGITALOUTPUTWITHACALIBRATEDTEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYCOMBINEDSENSOR,THESENSORINCLUDESARESISTANCEANDASENSEOFTHEORIGINALWETNTCTEMPERATUREMEASUREMENTDEVICES,ANDWITHAHIGHPERFORMANCE8BITMICROCONTROLLERCONNECTEDKEYWORDSTEMPERATUREMEASUREMENT；HUMIDITYMEASUREMENT；STC89C52；DHT11目錄第一章緒論111研究背景及意義112研究要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能1第二章設(shè)計(jì)分析及方案論321設(shè)計(jì)總體方案及方案論證322元器件的選擇4221主控制器件單片機(jī)4222傳感器溫濕度傳感器DHT115223顯示器件LCD16028第三章硬件電路圖的設(shè)計(jì)1231報(bào)警電路1232晶振電路1333顯示電路1434傳感器電路1435復(fù)位電路1536總體電路16第四章軟件部分設(shè)計(jì)1841程序流程圖18總結(jié)19致謝20參考文獻(xiàn)20附錄21源程序21第一章緒論11研究背景及意義隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高，人們對(duì)其生存質(zhì)量做出更高的要求。因此家居內(nèi)的基本環(huán)境如濕度、溫度有必要做出一定精度的監(jiān)測(cè)以讓人們和最佳舒適感系數(shù)做出簡(jiǎn)單明了的判別，從而采取一定措施以達(dá)到最佳舒適度。環(huán)境控制也就成了人們安居樂(lè)業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)，成了共建和諧環(huán)境的重要環(huán)節(jié)。尤其是目前生活節(jié)奏的加快，許多白領(lǐng)都出現(xiàn)了亞健康的狀態(tài)，因此家庭溫濕度的檢測(cè)對(duì)于現(xiàn)代家庭來(lái)說(shuō)也變得刻不容緩了。因此為了滿足最適宜人們生活的最佳溫度和濕度，我們需要研究一種家庭式的，便于提醒和控制溫濕度的裝置，人們可以根據(jù)不同季節(jié)以及個(gè)人的需要進(jìn)行不同的調(diào)整，以便達(dá)到最佳的居住環(huán)境，這不僅僅是對(duì)于環(huán)境要求的進(jìn)步，同時(shí)也體現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)代文明的發(fā)達(dá)與先進(jìn)。研究溫濕度的控制非常有必要，它可以?xún)?yōu)化組合社區(qū)資源，提升服務(wù)水平，推動(dòng)反房地產(chǎn)等其他行業(yè)的發(fā)展，為他們帶來(lái)新的商機(jī)。并且可以移植到汽車(chē)，倉(cāng)庫(kù)，蔬菜大棚等有限空間的溫濕度數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)中去。因此，具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景和用途。12研究要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能本設(shè)計(jì)的目的就是了解對(duì)室內(nèi)的溫濕環(huán)境的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法，和應(yīng)用到的有關(guān)軟硬件知識(shí)。實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能有實(shí)時(shí)溫度，濕度智能顯示。并且能夠智能報(bào)警從而采取相應(yīng)措施。便于提醒和控制溫濕度的裝置，人們可以根據(jù)不同季節(jié)以及個(gè)人的需要進(jìn)行不同的調(diào)整，采用DHT11數(shù)字溫濕度傳感器與單片機(jī)STC89C52相連外圍電路比較簡(jiǎn)單。所以，本次設(shè)計(jì)以DHT11數(shù)字溫濕度傳感器為例，介紹基于單片機(jī)的數(shù)字溫濕度計(jì)的設(shè)計(jì)提出解決。第二章設(shè)計(jì)分析及方案論21設(shè)計(jì)總體方案及方案論證按照系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)功能的要求，確定系統(tǒng)由5個(gè)模塊組成主控制器，數(shù)字溫濕度傳感器，報(bào)警電路，按鍵電路及驅(qū)動(dòng)顯示電路。如圖21驅(qū)動(dòng)顯示模塊塊模塊報(bào)警電路按鍵電路溫濕度傳感器主控制器圖21總體電路框圖單片機(jī)作為主控制器，主要負(fù)責(zé)處理由溫濕度傳感器送來(lái)數(shù)據(jù)，并把處理好的數(shù)據(jù)送向顯示器模塊，數(shù)據(jù)溫濕度傳感器主要用來(lái)采集周?chē)沫h(huán)境參數(shù)，并把所采集到得數(shù)據(jù)送向單片機(jī)，按鍵電路主要是用來(lái)完成單片機(jī)的復(fù)位操作和溫濕度初始值的設(shè)定。蜂鳴器電路就是用三極管來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，用來(lái)判斷周?chē)臏囟然蛘邼穸仁欠癯鲈O(shè)定數(shù)值，顯示電路主要用來(lái)顯示當(dāng)前的溫濕度。22元器件的選擇221主控制器件單片機(jī)STC89C52是STC公司生產(chǎn)的一種低功耗、高性能CMOS8位微控制器，具有8K在系統(tǒng)可編程FLASH存儲(chǔ)器。STC89C52使用經(jīng)典的MCS51內(nèi)核，但做了很多的改進(jìn)使得芯片具有傳統(tǒng)51單片機(jī)不具備的功能。在單芯片上，擁有靈巧的8位CPU和在系統(tǒng)可編程FLASH，使得STC89C52為眾多嵌入式控制應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)提供高靈活、超有效的解決方案。具有以下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)功能8K字節(jié)FLASH，512字節(jié)RAM，32位I/O口，內(nèi)置8KBEEPROM，MAX810復(fù)位電路，3個(gè)16位定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器，4個(gè)外部中斷，一個(gè)7向量4級(jí)中斷結(jié)構(gòu)（兼容傳統(tǒng)51的5向量2級(jí)中斷結(jié)構(gòu)），全雙工串行口。另外STC89C52可降至0HZ靜態(tài)邏輯操作，支持2種軟件可選擇節(jié)電模式?？臻e模式下，CPU停止工作，允許RAM、定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器、串口、中斷繼續(xù)工作。掉電保護(hù)方式下，RAM內(nèi)容被保存，振蕩器被凍結(jié)，單片機(jī)一切工作停止，直到下一個(gè)中斷或硬件復(fù)位為止。最高運(yùn)作頻率35MHZ，6T/12T可選。單片機(jī)管腳圖如22所示圖22STC89C52單片機(jī)管腳圖222傳感器溫濕度傳感器DHT11DHT11數(shù)字溫濕度傳感器是一款含有已校準(zhǔn)數(shù)字信號(hào)輸出的溫濕度復(fù)合傳感器，它應(yīng)用專(zhuān)用的溫濕度傳感和數(shù)字模塊采集技術(shù)，具有很高的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性，DHT11傳感器內(nèi)含一個(gè)NTC測(cè)溫和一個(gè)電阻式感濕元件，并與一個(gè)8位的高性能單片機(jī)相連接，在精確的濕度校驗(yàn)室中DHT11傳感器進(jìn)行過(guò)校準(zhǔn)，以程序的形式校準(zhǔn)系數(shù)儲(chǔ)存在0TP內(nèi)存中，檢測(cè)信號(hào)的時(shí)候，在處理過(guò)程中傳感器內(nèi)部要調(diào)用這些校準(zhǔn)系數(shù)，采用單線制的串行接口，使系統(tǒng)集成可以有較低的功耗，而且更加簡(jiǎn)單快速，信號(hào)傳輸距離超過(guò)20米，作為一個(gè)數(shù)字溫濕度傳感器DHT11具有響應(yīng)快速、抗干擾強(qiáng)、性?xún)r(jià)比高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，它的性能指標(biāo)如下濕度測(cè)量范圍為2095RH；濕度測(cè)量精度為5RH；溫度測(cè)量范圍為050，溫度測(cè)量精度為2，工作電壓3055V，相應(yīng)時(shí)間INCLUDEDEFINESIZE5/定義存貯數(shù)組為五個(gè)字節(jié)DEFINENUMBER20DEFINEOK1DEFINEERROR0TYPEDEFUNSIGNEDCHARUCHARTYPEDEFUNSIGNEDINTUINTUINTSHIDU,WENDUUINTWEN_SX0/溫度上限UINTSHI_SX0/濕度上限UCHARNUMUCHARSTATUSOK/狀態(tài)標(biāo)志UCHARCODETABLE“WENDU“/溫度UCHARCODETABLE1“SHIDU“/濕度UCHARCODETABLE2“0123456789“UCHARVALUE_ARRAYSIZEUCHARBAI,SHI,GE,BAI1,SHI1,GE1,NUM1,SHI2,GE2,SHI3,GE3/各個(gè)變量定義/UCHARCOUNT,SHIDU_XIAOSHU,WENDU_XIAOSHU/標(biāo)志，問(wèn)四度小數(shù)部分UCHARNUMSBITEP27SBITRSP26SBITWRP25SBITDHT11P17/傳感器傳輸總線定義SBITS1P11/按鍵定義SBITS2P12SBITS3P13SBITS4P14SBITBAOJINGP15/報(bào)警位定義SBITLEDP34VOIDDELAY_5US_NOP_NOP_NOP_NOP_NOP_VOIDDELAYUINTDELAYUINTI,JFORI0I0IVALUENUMBERSTATUSERRORRETURN0DELAY_5USDELAY_5USDELAY_5USIFDHT110VALUEWHILEDHT110RETURN0RETURNVALUEUCHARREADVALUEVOIDUCHARCOUNT0,CHECK_VALUE0,I0DHT110DELAY20DHT111DELAY_5USDELAY_5USDELAY_5USDELAY_5USIFDHT110RETURNERRORWHILEDHT110RETURNERRORCOUNT0DHT111WHILEDHT110RETURNERRORFORI0I0XFORY110Y0YVOIDWRITEDATA1602UCHARDATAE0RS0RS1/RS為一時(shí)寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)DELAYMS1P0DATAE1DELAYMS1E0RS0VOIDWRITECOM1602UCHARDATA1E0RS1RS0/RS為0時(shí)寫(xiě)命令DELAYMS1P0DATA1E1DELAYMS1E0RS1VOIDLCD_INT/LCD初始化E0WRITECOM16020X38WRITECOM16020X0CWRITECOM16020X06WRITECOM16020X80VOIDINTERRUPT_INITTMOD0X01TH06553650000/256TL06553650000256EA1ET01TR01VOIDKEYSCANIFS10DELAY50IFS10IFWEN_SX0WEN_SX/溫度上限大于0時(shí)，使溫度上限減小ELSEWEN_SX50/當(dāng)減小到零時(shí)，為50IFS30DELAY50IFS30IFSHI_SX0SHI_SX/使?jié)穸壬舷拗禍p小ELSESHI_SX95/減小到零時(shí)變?yōu)?5VOIDKONGZHI/控制報(bào)警IFWENDU/10WEN_SX|SHIDU/10SHI_SX/此處設(shè)定預(yù)設(shè)溫度BAOJING0/報(bào)警，蜂鳴器響LED0/LED燈亮NUMIFNUM20NUM0BAOJINGBAOJING/取反LEDLEDELSEBAOJING1/不報(bào)警，燈不亮LED1/中斷處理液晶顯示函數(shù)/VOIDTIMER0INTERRUPT1TH06553650000/256TL06553650000256COUNTIFCOUNT3READVALUE/讀溫度值KEYSCAN/按鍵掃描程序BAIWENDU/100/溫度，濕度值各位進(jìn)行分離SHIWENDU100/10GEWENDU10BAI1SHIDU/100SHI1SHIDU100/10GE1SHIDU10SHI2WEN_SX/10GE2WEN_SX10/1SHI3SHI_SX/10GE3SHI_SX10/1WRITECOM16020X80/寫(xiě)指令FORNUM0NUM6NUMWRITEDATA1602TABLENUM/DELAY20/寫(xiě)入溫濕度以及溫濕度上限值數(shù)據(jù)/WRITEDATA1602TABLE2BAIWRITEDATA1602TABLE2SHIWRITEDATA1602WRITEDATA1602TABLE2GEWRITEDATA16020XDFWRITEDATA1602CWRITEDATA1602WRITEDATA1602TABLE2SHI2WRITEDATA1602TABLE2GE2WRITECOM16020X800X40FORNUM10NUM16NUM1WRITEDATA1602TABLE1NUM1WRITEDATA1602TABLE2BAI1WRITEDATA1602TABLE2SHI1WRITEDATA1602WRITEDATA1602TABLE2GE1WRITEDATA1602WRITEDATA1602WRITEDATA1602TABLE2SHI3WRITEDATA1602TABLE2GE3COUNT0VOIDMAINWR0INTERRUPT_INITLCD_INTDELAY200WHILE1KONGZHI/判斷處理是否報(bào)警您好，為你提供優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)論文參考資料，請(qǐng)您刪除以下內(nèi)容，O_O謝謝ALARGEGROUPOFTEAMERCHANTSONCAMELSANDHORSESFROMNORTHWESTCHINASSHAANXIPROVINCEPASSTHROUGHASTOPONTHEANCIENTSILKROAD,GANSUSZHANGYECITYDURINGTHEIRJOURNEYTOKAZAKHSTAN,MAY5,2015THECARAVAN,CONSISTINGOFMORETHAN100CAMELS,THREEHORSEDRAWNCARRIAGESANDFOURSUPPORTVEHICLES,STARTEDTHETRIPFROMJINGYANGCOUNTYINSHAANXIONSEPT19,2014ITWILLPASSTHROUGHGANSUPROVINCEANDXINJIANGUYGURAUTONOMOUSREGION,ANDFINALLYARRIVEINALMATY,FORMERLYKNOWNASALMAATA,THELARGESTCITYINKAZAKHSTAN,ANDDUNGANINZHAMBYLPROVINCETHETRIPWILLCOVERABOUT15,000KILOMETERSANDTAKETHECARAVANMORETHANONEYEARTOCOMPLETETHECARAVANISEXPECTEDTORETURNTOJINGYANGINMARCH2016THENTHEYWILLCOMEBACK,CARRYINGSPECIALTYPRODUCTSFROMKAZAKHSTANASMALLARTTROUPEFOUNDEDSIXDECADESAGOHASGROWNINTOAHOUSEHOLDNAMEINTHEINNERMONGOLIAAUTONOMOUSREGIONINTHE1950S,ULANMUQIRARTTROUPEWASCREATEDBYNINEYOUNGMUSICIANS,WHOTOUREDREMOTEVILLAGESONHORSESANDPERFORMEDTRADITIONALMONGOLIANMUSICANDDANCESFORNOMADICFAMILIESTHE54YEAROLDWASBORNINTONGLIAO,INEASTERNINNERMONGOLIAANDJOINEDTHETROUPEIN1975HESAYSTHEREARE74BRANCHTROUPESACROSSINNERMONGOLIAANDACTORSGIVEAROUND100SHOWSEVERYYEARTOLOCALNOMADICPEOPLE“ICANSTILLRECALLTHEDAYSWHENITOUREDWITHTHETROUPEINTHEEARLY80SWESATONTHEBACKOFPICKUPTRUCKSFORHOURSTHESKYWASBLUE,ANDWECOULDNTHELPBUTSINGTHEFOLKSONGS,“NASUNSAYSTHEVASTNESSOFINNERMONGOLIAANDTHELACKOFENTERTAINMENTOPTIONSFORPEOPLELIVINGTHERE,MADETHEIRLIVESLONELY“THENOMADICPEOPLEWEREVERYEXCITEDABOUTOURVISITS,“NASUNRECALLS“WEDIDNTHAVEAFORMALSTAGETHEAUDIENCEJUSTSATONTHEGRASSUSUALLY,THEPERFORMANCESBECAMEABIGPARTYWITHLOCALPEOPLEJOININGIN“FORHIM,THEREWARDINGPARTABOUTTOURINGISNTJUSTABOUTSHARINGARTWITHNOMADICFAMILIESBUTALSOABOUTGAININGINSPIRATIONFORTHEMUSICANDDANCEULANMUQIRLITERALLYTRANSLATESAS“REDBURGEON“,ANDTODAYSPERFORMERSOFTHETROUPESTILLTOURTHEREGIONSVILLAGESANDENTERTAINNOMADICFAMILIES,BUTTHEIRFAMEHASSPREADAROUNDTHEWORLDONMAY16AND17,NEARLY100SINGERSANDDANCERSFROMTHETROUPEPERFORMEDATBEIJINGSPOLYTHEATERTHEIRSHOW,TITLEDULANMUQIRONTHEGRASSLAND,DEPICTEDTHEHISTORYANDDEVELOPMENTOFTHEARTTROUPE“BEINGFROMTHEREGIONALLOWEDMETOEMBRACETHECULTUREOFINNERMONGOLIAANDBEINGAMEMBEROFTHETROUPESHOWEDMEWHEREIBELONGED,“NASUN,THEARTTROUPESPRESIDENT,WHOISALSOARENOWNEDTENOR,TELLSCHINADAILYDURINGATOURIN1985,HEWENTTOAVILLAGEANDMETANELDERLYLOCALMAN,WHOTOLDHIMASTORYABOUTHISFRIENDSHIPWITHASOLIDERFROMSHENYANG,CAPITALOFNORTHEASTCHINASLIAONINGPROVINCE,DECADESAGOTHES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