1、The insurer should compensate the insured for the losses, if any, within the period of insurance cover against the insurance premium.The aim of insurance is to spread risks so that the losses, when incur, can be shared by all that are involved rather than taken by the suffered only.In marine cargo t

2、ransport insurance, perils fall into two categories, general perils of the sea and extraneous risks.All additional risks can not be covered independently because they should be underwritten depending on one of the basic risks.The consignor shall submit to the insurance company the notice of abandonm

3、ent when constructive total loss needs to be compensated.International Cargo International Cargo Transportation InsuranceTransportation Insurance國際貨物運(yùn)輸保險(xiǎn)國際貨物運(yùn)輸保險(xiǎn)Tessa LiaoSEIT2015.05.19Introduction1 1Contents2 2Marine Insurance of CIC3 3Insurance practice in China4 4Key words and expressionsKey word

4、s and expressionsperilaveragecover (coverage)policyindemnifyconsignmentcalamityfortuitous=risk 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)=loss 損失(v.) 保險(xiǎn)，保到 (n.)保單(v.) 賠償托運(yùn)的貨物災(zāi)害偶然的、意外的DefinitionParties to the insuranceBasic questionsInsurance is a practice whereby the insurance company undertakes, on the base of a premium paid, to indemnif

5、y the insured on loss from certain risks or perils to which the cargo insured may be exposed during the course of transport from the exporting country to the importing country.It is an indispensable (不可或缺的不可或缺的) part to the import and export practice. 2022-1-27InsurerInsurer/ /UnderwriterUnderwriter

6、 保險(xiǎn)人保險(xiǎn)人/ /承保人承保人 The party undertaking to indemnify the insurant against losses or damages (The insurance company)InsuredInsured/insurant /insurant 被保險(xiǎn)人被保險(xiǎn)人/ /投保人投保人 The party that buys insurance (exporter/importer)ClaimantClaimant 索賠人索賠人 The party who suffers will lodge a claim against the insuranc

7、e policy. The claimant may not necessarily be the insurant.What are the possible risks that may arise from the course of cargo transportation?What losses and expenses may incur due to the risks?What are the types of marine insurance in international trade according to China Insurance Clause?Who is r

8、esponsible for covering cargo transportation insurance?2022-1-29Perils of the sea 海上風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Marine average 海上損失Charges/expenses 費(fèi)用Case study & exercisecaused by force majure (不可抗力)including heavy weather, lightening, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption惡劣氣候（如颶風(fēng)、大浪）；雷電（如雷電引起的火災(zāi)）；海嘯（如巨大波浪）；地震；火山爆發(fā)等人力不

9、可抗拒的災(zāi)害。 resulting from unexpected causes (非預(yù)料中的原因)including fire (失火), explosion (爆炸), vessel being stranded (擱淺), striking upon the rocks (觸礁), missing (失蹤), etc. 指被保險(xiǎn)貨物在運(yùn)輸途中由于遭受一般外來原因所造成的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。pilferage偷竊, rain淡水雨淋, leakage滲漏, shortage短少, breakage破碎, heating受熱, dampness受潮, taint by odor串味, hooking an

10、d rusting鉤損和生銹, etc.指由于軍事、政治、國家政策法令以及行政措施等特殊外來原因所造成的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與損失。war, strike (罷工), etc.海上損失海上損失 全部損失全部損失 部分損失部分損失 實(shí)際全損實(shí)際全損 推定全損推定全損 單獨(dú)海損單獨(dú)海損 共同海損共同海損 指，按損失情況的不同，可分為和The complete loss of the insured cargo in value. 指被保險(xiǎn)貨物完全滅失或完全變質(zhì)，或者貨物實(shí)際上已不可能歸還被保險(xiǎn)人。Become an un-merchantable thing. 例：我公司出口稻谷一批，因保險(xiǎn)事故被海水浸泡多時(shí)而喪

11、失其原有價(jià)值，無法修復(fù)，這種損失屬于實(shí)際全損.When the subject matter is totally destroyed. 被保險(xiǎn)貨物的;When the subject matter is so damaged as to cease to be a thing of the kind insured 被保險(xiǎn)貨物已When the assured is irretrievably deprived thereof. 被保險(xiǎn)貨物指貨物發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)事故以后，實(shí)際全損已不可避免，或?yàn)楸苊獍l(fā)生實(shí)際全損所需支付的費(fèi)用與繼續(xù)將貨物運(yùn)抵目的地的費(fèi)用之和超過保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值。The insured sha

12、ll submit to the insurance company the notice of abandonment (委付通知). In this way, the insured passes all the title to the goods to the insurer willingly, and applies to the insurer for compensation according to the total loss.例：有一批出口服裝，在海上運(yùn)輸途中，因船體觸礁導(dǎo)致服裝嚴(yán)重受浸，若將這批服裝漂洗后運(yùn)至原定目的港所花費(fèi)的費(fèi)用已超過服裝的保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值，這種損失屬于推定全

13、損。指被保險(xiǎn)貨物的損失沒有達(dá)到全部損失的程度，其包括和兩種。when the whole ship was threatened by a peril of the sea or some other hazardin order to save the ship and some of the cargo, part of the cargo or vessel have to be sacrificedGeneral average contribution General average contribution 共同海損分?jǐn)偅汗餐p分?jǐn)偅?Those interests whose

14、property were saved must contribute proportionally to cover the losses of the one whose property was voluntarily sacrificed. A partial loss suffered by part of the cargo when a storm or fire damages part of the shippers cargo and no one elses cargo has to be sacrificed to save the voyage. 由承保責(zé)任范圍內(nèi)的風(fēng)

15、險(xiǎn)所直接導(dǎo)致的船舶或貨物的部分損失該損失僅由各受損者單獨(dú)負(fù)擔(dān)。General average vs. Particular averageGeneral average vs. Particular average比較項(xiàng)目比較項(xiàng)目單獨(dú)海損單獨(dú)海損損失的損失的內(nèi)容內(nèi)容致?lián)p致?lián)p原因原因損失的損失的承擔(dān)者承擔(dān)者共同海損共同海損受損者自己承擔(dān)受損者自己承擔(dān)除保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的外，還除保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的外，還包括支出的特殊費(fèi)用包括支出的特殊費(fèi)用受益各方根據(jù)獲救利受益各方根據(jù)獲救利益的大小按比例分?jǐn)傄娴拇笮“幢壤謹(jǐn)偙ｋU(xiǎn)標(biāo)的物保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的物為解除或減輕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，為解除或減輕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，人為地有意識(shí)地造成人為地有意識(shí)地造成由所承保的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)直接

16、由所承保的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)直接導(dǎo)致船、貨受損導(dǎo)致船、貨受損海上損失海上損失 全部損失全部損失 部分損失部分損失 實(shí)際全損實(shí)際全損 推定全損推定全損 單獨(dú)海損單獨(dú)海損 共同海損共同海損 Insurance indemnifies not only , but also the expenses incurred for the rescue of insured cargo.其主要包括和兩類。Extraordinary expenditures made in time of peril to avoid or minimize any loss of or damage to the goods insu

17、redCarried out by the insured or his agent, his employees.保險(xiǎn)人對施救不論有無效果都賠償。Expenses resulting from measures properly taken by a third party other than the insured, the employee or the agent.依據(jù)國際上有關(guān)法律，被救方應(yīng)向救助的第三者支付的報(bào)酬。保險(xiǎn)人對救助采取“No cure,no pay” (無效果，無報(bào)酬)原則。What is the marine insurance term for each of t

18、he following losses? Fill in only with three phrases: total lossparticular averagegeneral average.1. Accidental damage to part of cargo2. All goods lost when ship sank3. Cargo partially damaged in collision4. All goods thrown overboard5. Some goods thrown overboard to save ship6. 10% of Sugargum Co.

19、s cargo damaged by water in hold (在貨艙內(nèi))7. 100% of fabric shipment lost in ship fire8. 30% of pottery broken when cartons were dropped9. 25% of sheet metal thrown overboard to lighten ship10. 2% of canned food damaged by the hook 一外貿(mào)公司出口貨物，從新港駛往新加一外貿(mào)公司出口貨物，從新港駛往新加坡，途中遇雷電起火，燃至船艙，引水撲坡，途中遇雷電起火，燃至船艙，引水撲滅

20、，輪船主機(jī)被燒壞，滅，輪船主機(jī)被燒壞，輪船被輪船被拖至近港修拖至近港修理，問以下?lián)p失和費(fèi)用哪些是理，問以下?lián)p失和費(fèi)用哪些是單獨(dú)海損單獨(dú)海損？哪些是哪些是共同海損共同海損？ 10001000箱貨被火燒；箱貨被火燒；600600箱貨被水漬；箱貨被水漬； 主機(jī)以及部分甲板被燒壞；主機(jī)以及部分甲板被燒壞；拖船費(fèi)；拖船費(fèi)；額外支付的燃料、船員工資；額外支付的燃料、船員工資；修理費(fèi)修理費(fèi)Basic insurance coverage 基本險(xiǎn)別Additional insurance coverage 附加險(xiǎn)別W/W Clause 倉至倉條款 Under CIC, the marine insurance

21、 is mainly classified into basic coverage and .only provide coverage for total losses and general average emerging from the actual “marine perils”.其英文原意是：單獨(dú)海損不負(fù)責(zé)賠償，但實(shí)際是單純由自然災(zāi)害造成的部分損失不負(fù)責(zé)賠償，出現(xiàn)了名不符實(shí)。“1982年新協(xié)會(huì)貨物條款”（ICC）對名稱進(jìn)行了修改，用英文字母C代替，即。 The scope of FPAThe scope of FPA1.被保險(xiǎn)的貨物在運(yùn)輸途中由于惡劣氣候、雷電、地震、洪水等自然災(zāi)

22、害造成整批貨物的全部損失或推定全損。2.由于運(yùn)輸工具遭到擱淺、觸礁、沉沒、互撞，與流冰或其他物體碰撞以及失火、爆炸等意外事故所造成的貨物全部或部分損失。3.在運(yùn)輸工具已經(jīng)發(fā)生擱淺、觸礁、沉沒、焚毀等意外事故的情況下，貨物在此前后又在海上遭受惡劣氣候、雷電、海嘯等自然災(zāi)害所造成的部分損失。4.在裝卸或轉(zhuǎn)船時(shí)由于一件或數(shù)件甚至整批貨物落海所造成的全部或部分損失。5.被保險(xiǎn)人對遭受承保責(zé)任內(nèi)的危險(xiǎn)貨物采取搶救、防止或減少貨損的措施所支付的合理費(fèi)用。Provide extensive cover against all loss or damage due to marine perils throu

23、ghout the duration of the policy, including partial loss or damage attributed to natural calamities.單獨(dú)海損負(fù)責(zé)賠償，其實(shí)其責(zé)任范圍是：平安險(xiǎn)+自然災(zāi)害造成的分損，同樣是名不符實(shí)。“1982年新協(xié)會(huì)貨物條款”將其名稱改為。 responsible for all total or partial loss of, or damage to the goods insured either arising from sea perils or general external causes. 其責(zé)

24、任范圍是：水漬險(xiǎn)+11種一般附加險(xiǎn)三種基本險(xiǎn)中最廣泛的一種，因而適宜于價(jià)值較多，可遭受損失因素較多的貨物投保?！?982年新協(xié)會(huì)貨物條款”將其名稱改為。 (1) Risk of theft, pilferage and non-delivery (TPND). (2) Risk of fresh water and/or rain damage (3) Risk of clash and breakage (4) Risk of leakage (5) Risk of shortage (6) Risk of intermixture and contamination (7) Risk of

25、 taint of odor (8) Risk of sweating and heating (9) Risk of rust (10) Risk of breakage of packing 11) Hook damage (1) (1) War riskWar risk 僅限于水面危險(xiǎn) 案例分析：某公司出口某貨物，投保一切險(xiǎn)加戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)，該船抵達(dá)目的港開始卸貨時(shí)，當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)生武裝沖突，部分船上貨物及部分已卸到岸上的貨物被毀。問：保險(xiǎn)公司如何賠償？ (2) (2) Strike riskStrike risk 僅限于直接損失，對間接損失不負(fù)責(zé)如由于勞動(dòng)力短缺或無法使用勞動(dòng)力,致使堆放碼頭的貨物遭到

26、雨淋日曬而受損、冷凍機(jī)因無燃料而中斷造成的被保險(xiǎn)貨物的損失不負(fù)責(zé)賠償。 (3) (3) Failure to delivery riskFailure to delivery risk 被保險(xiǎn)貨物從裝上船開始，6個(gè)月仍不能運(yùn)到原定目的地交貨，則不論何種原因，保險(xiǎn)公司均按全損賠付。 (4) (4) Import duty riskImport duty risk 承保貨物已發(fā)生保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任范圍內(nèi)的損失，但被保險(xiǎn)人仍需按貨物的完好狀態(tài)完稅而遭受的損失。 (5) On deck risk (6) Rejection risk (7) Aflatoxin risk (8) Fire risk extens

27、ion clause(FREC) 基本險(xiǎn)基本險(xiǎn)附加險(xiǎn)附加險(xiǎn)平安險(xiǎn)平安險(xiǎn)水漬險(xiǎn)水漬險(xiǎn)一切險(xiǎn)一切險(xiǎn)一般附加險(xiǎn)一般附加險(xiǎn)特殊附加險(xiǎn)特殊附加險(xiǎn)CIC海運(yùn)險(xiǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)海運(yùn)險(xiǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)貨運(yùn)基本險(xiǎn)的保險(xiǎn)期間?保險(xiǎn)公司承擔(dān)的保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任，從被保險(xiǎn)貨物運(yùn)離保單載明的起運(yùn)港（地）發(fā)貨人倉庫開始，一直到貨物到達(dá)保單載明的目的港（地）收貨人倉庫為止，一旦進(jìn)入收貨人倉庫，保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任即告終止。但是，當(dāng)貨物從目的港卸離海輪時(shí)起算滿60天，不論保險(xiǎn)貨物有無進(jìn)入收貨人倉庫，保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任均告終止。 Failure to delivery riskFailure to delivery risk Export insuranceImport insur

28、anceInsurance documentsWho arrange for insurance?Who arrange for insurance?It usually depends on the insurance clause of the contract, and the related international usual customs and practices. Under CIF and CIP ? Under other trade terms?2022-1-250(Cost, Insurance and Freight) 到岸價(jià)(Carriage and Insur

29、ance Paid to) 運(yùn)費(fèi)和保險(xiǎn)付至CIF CIF & & CIPCIP由出口企業(yè)向當(dāng)?shù)乇ｋU(xiǎn)公司辦理投保手續(xù)。在辦理時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)出口合同或信用證規(guī)定，在備妥貨物，并確定裝運(yùn)日期和運(yùn)輸工具后，按規(guī)定格式逐筆填制保險(xiǎn)單，并向保險(xiǎn)公司。FOBFOB、CFRCFR、CPTCPT，均由買方辦理保險(xiǎn)。為了簡化投保手續(xù)和防止出現(xiàn)漏?；騺聿患稗k理投保等情況，我國進(jìn)口貨物一般采取的做法。各外貿(mào)公司同中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司簽訂有海運(yùn)、空運(yùn)、郵運(yùn)、陸運(yùn)等不同運(yùn)輸方式的進(jìn)口預(yù)約保險(xiǎn)合同。按照預(yù)約保險(xiǎn)合同的規(guī)定， Insurance policy 保險(xiǎn)單保險(xiǎn)單 (大保單大保單) The mostly used insurance document. Insurance certificate 保險(xiǎn)憑證保險(xiǎn)憑證 （小保單）（小保單） A simplified insurance document. The certifica