1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2016年6月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)真題及參考答案Part Listening Comprehension（聽力部分共有兩套）四級(jí)第一套Section A1. C) Rising unemployment worldwide.2. A) Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.3. B) Put calorie information on the menu.4. A) They will be fined.C) They will get a warning.5. D) Failure to i

2、ntegrate innovation into their business.6. B) It is the creation of something new.7. C) Its innovation culture.Section B 8. D) He does not talk long on the phone.9. B) Talk at length.10. A) He thought it was cool.11. C) It is childish and unprofessional.12. B) He is unhappy with his department manag

3、er.13. A) His workload was much too heavy.14. C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.15. D) Talk to his boss in person first.Section C16. A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life.17. C) They get less and less sleep.18. D) Their blood pressure will rise.19. B) What course you are going to choose.2

4、0. D) The personal statement.21. C) Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.22. B) It was built in the late 19th century.23. D) They often broke down.24. A) They were produced on the assembly line.25. C) It marked a new era in motor travel.四級(jí)第二套Section A1. C) Why sufficient sleep

5、is important for college students.2. C) Making last-minute preparations for tests may be less effective than sleeping.3. B) Whether the British irports Authority should sell off some of its assets.4. D) Lack of runway and terminal capacity.5. D) Report the nicotine content of their cigarettes.6. A)

6、The biggest increase in nicotine content tended to be in brands young smokers like.7. B) They were not prepared to comment on the cigarette study.Section B8. A) Holland.9. D) Learning a language where it is not spoken.10. C) Trying to speak it as much as one can.11. A) It provides opportunities for

7、language practice.12. B) Rules and regulations for driving.13.C) Make cars that are less powerful.14. D) They tend to drive responsibly.15. C) It is not useful.Section C16. D) The card reader failed to do the scanning.17. B) By covering the credit card with a layer of plastic.18. A) Produce many low

8、-tech fixes for high-tech failures.19. A) They vary among different departments.20.D) By contacting the deparmental office.21. B) They specify the number of credits students must earn.22. C) Students in health classes.23. A) Its overemphasis on thinness.24. B) To explain how computer images can be m

9、isleading.25. C) To promote her own concept of beauty.Part Reading Comprehension四級(jí)第一套Section A26.O) tend27.M) review28.L) performance29.K) particularly30.N) survive31.E) dropping32.J) mutually33.H) flow34.F) essential35.I) moodSection B36. E）“We thought we would see differences based on the housing

10、types,” said the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumptiondon't families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can't?37. L）Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to

11、the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don't have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy,” Dr. Slo

12、ane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.38. B）Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype (固定

13、看法)？ Can doing one's homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.39. H）An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no less depressed in assisted living (even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who

14、had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. “Yo

15、u can't just say, Let's put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing homeshe will be much better off,” Dr. Robison said. What matters, she added, “is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.”40. N）The daughter feared her mother would be ig

16、nored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.41. J）As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk， ann

17、ouncing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, t

18、he lowest rated, than with the five-star ones.(More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)42. F）In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilit

19、ies, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.43. C）I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look

20、 for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care， let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulati

21、ng body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.44. I）Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North

22、 Carolina researchers found that a host of variablesthe facility's type, size or age; whether a chain owned it; how attractive the neighborhood washad no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was

23、 the residents' physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened once they were there.45. G）But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type, they found,

24、that creates differences in residents' responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristicshow healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status,” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decis

25、ion to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.Section C46. C) It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.47.D) They are ill-bred.48. C) By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.49. B) Stop to seek advice from a human being.50. A) De

26、termine what is moral and ethical.51. A) to see whether people's personality affects their life span52. D) They are more likely to get over hardship.53. C) Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.54. D) Mothers' negative personality characteristics may

27、 affect their children's life span. 55. B) Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.四級(jí)第二套Section A26.G) growing27.A) dependent28.C) fast29.F) give30.H) launch31.N) successful32.I) policyl33.B) designed34.O) treatments35.E) gainedSection B36. D)As we begin to examine our

28、 life, Soupios says, we come to Rule No. 2: Worry only about things that you can control. “The individual who promoted this idea was a Stoic philosopher. His name is Epictetus,” he says. “And what the Stoics say in general is simply this: There is a larger plan in life. You are not really going to b

29、e able to understand all of the dimensions of this plan. You are not going to be able to control the dimensions of this plan.”37. B)The wisdom of the ancient Greek philosophers is timeless, says Soupios. The philosophy professor says it is as relevant today as when it was first written many centurie

30、s ago. “There is no expiration (失效) date on wisdom,” he says. “There is no shelf life on intelligence. I think that things have become very gloomy these days, lots of misunderstanding, misleading cues, a lot of what the ancients would have called sophistry (詭辯). The nice thing about ancient philosop

31、hy as offered by the Greeks is that they tended to see life clear and whole, in a way that we tend not to see life today.”38. F)To have a meaningful, happy life we need friends. But according to Aristotlea student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Greatmost relationships don't qualify as tru

32、e friendships. “Just because I have a business relationship with an individual and I can profit from that relationship, it does not necessarily mean that this person is my friend,” Soupios says. “Real friendship is when two individuals share the same soul. It is a beautiful and uncharacteristically

33、poetic image that Aristotle offers.”39. A) Is it possible to enjoy a peaceful life in a world that is increasingly challenged by threats and uncertainties from wars, terrorism, economic crises and a widespread outbreak of infectious diseases? The answer is yes, according to a new book The 10 Golden

34、Rules: Ancient Wisdom from the Greek Philosophers on Living a Good Life. The book is co-authored by Long Island University's philosophy professor Michael Soupios and economics professor Panos Mourdoukoutas.40. L)“This is Aesop, the fabulist (寓言家), the man of these charming little tales, often to

35、ld in terms of animals and animal relationships,” he says. “I think what Aesop was suggesting is that when you offer a good turn to another human being, one can hope that that good deed will come back and sort of pay a profit to you, the doer of the good deed. Even if there is no concrete benefit pa

36、id in response to your good deed, at the very least, the doer of the good deed has the opportunity to enjoy a kind of spiritually enlightened moment.”41. H)“This was the highest and most desirable form of pleasure and happiness for the ancient Epicureans,” Soupios says. “This is something that is ve

37、ry much well worth considering here in the modern era. I do not think that we spend nearly enough time trying to concentrate on achieving a sort of calmness, a sort of contentment in a mental and spiritual way, which was identified by these people as the highest form of happiness and pleasure.”42. C

38、)Soupios, along with his co-author Panos Mourdoukoutas, developed their 10 golden rules by turning to the men behind that philosophyAristotle, Socrates, Epictetus and Pythagoras, among others. The first ruleexamine your lifeis the common thread that runs through the entire book. Soupios says that it

39、 is based on Plato's observation that the unexamined life is not worth living. “The Greeks are always concerned about boxing themselves in, in terms of convictions (信念),” he says. “So take a step back, switch off the automatic pilot and actually stop and reflect about things like our priorities,

40、 our values, and our relationships.”43. K)Instead, Soupios says, ancient wisdom urges us to do good. Golden Rule No. 10 for a good life is that kindness toward others tends to be rewarded.44. B)The wisdom of the ancient Greek philosophers is timeless, says Soupios. The philosophy professor says it i

41、s as relevant today as when it was first written many centuries ago. “There is no expiration (失效) date on wisdom,” he says. “There is no shelf life on intelligence. I think that things have become very gloomy these days, lots of misunderstanding, misleading cues, a lot of what the ancients would hav

42、e called sophistry (詭辯). The nice thing about ancient philosophy as offered by the Greeks is that they tended to see life clear and whole, in a way that we tend not to see life today.”45. J)“This is Hesiod, of course, a younger contemporary poet, we believe, with Homer,” Soupios says. “Hesiod offers

43、 an ideawhich you very often find in some of the world's great religions, in the Judeo-Christian tradition and in Islam and othersthat in some sense, when you hurt another human being, you hurt yourself. That damaging other people in your community and in your life, trashing relationships, resul

44、ts in a kind of self-inflicted (自己招致的) spiritual wound.”Section C46. D) It usually draws different reactions from different age groups.47. A) It does not seem to create a generational divide.48. B) It helps with their mobility.49. A) The location of their residence.50. C) The wealthy.51. C) Their da

45、ily routine followed the rhythm of the natural cycle.52. B) It brought family members closer to each other.53. D) Pace of life.54. B) It is varied, abundant and nutritious.55. A) They enjoyed cooking as well as eating.四級(jí)第三套Section A26.M) provide27.A) abandoned28.I) frequent29.L) merely30.C) biased31

46、.G) dependent32.F) dampens33.E) commitment34.N) understandably35.O) unrealisticallySection B36. FIn contrast, the recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven, making it unlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves. On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing additi

47、on of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion （轉(zhuǎn)向） of U.S. grain to the production of bio-fuel.37. KIn response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are try

48、ing to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies. Food-import anxiety is even leading to new efforts by food-importing countries to buy or lease farmland in other countries. In spite of such temporary measures, soaring food prices and spreading hunger in many othe

49、r countries are beginning to break down the social order.38. CAs demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-price inflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries. Unable to buy grain or grow their own, hungry people take to the streets. Indeed, even

50、before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008, the number of failing states was expanding. If the food situation continues to worsen, entire nations will break down at an ever increasing rate. In the 20th century the main threat to international security was superpower conflict; today it is failing

51、 states.39. LSince the current world food shortage is trend-driven, the environmental trends that cause it must be reversed. We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the world's population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore fores

52、ts and soils. There is nothing new about the four objectives. Indeed, we have made substantial progress in some parts of the world on at least one of thesethe distribution of family-planning services and the associated shift to smaller families40. BI can no longer ignore that risk. Our continuing fa

53、ilure to deal with the environmental declines that are undermining the world food economy forces me to conclude that such a collapse is possible.41. HWhat about supply? The three environmental trendsthe shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperaturesare making it increasingl

54、y hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand. Of all those trends, however, the spread of water shortages poses the most immediate threat. The biggest challenge here is in irrigation, which consumes 70% of the world's fresh water. Millions of irrigation wells

55、in many countries are now pumping water out of underground sources faster than rainfall can refill them. The result is falling water tables （地下水位） in countries with half the world's people, including the three big grain producersChina, India and the U.S.42. MFor many in the development community

56、, the four objectives were seen as positive, promoting development as long as they did not cost too much. Others saw them as politically correct and morally appropriate. Now a third and far more significant motivation presents itself: meeting these goals may be necessary to prevent the collapse of o

57、ur civilization. Yet the cost we project for saving civilization would amount to less than $200 billion a year, 1/6 of current global military spending. In effect, our plan is the new security budget.43. JAs the world's food security falls to pieces, individual countries acting in their own self

58、-interest are actually worsening the troubles of many. The trend began in 2007, when leading wheat-exporting countries such as Russia and Argentina limited or banned their exports, in hopes of increasing local food supplies and thereby bringing down domestic food prices. Vietnam banned its exports for several months for the same reason. Such moves may eliminate the fears of those living in the exporting countries, but they are creating panic in importing countries that must rely on what is then left f