1、 學科教師輔導教案 課程主題： 17-7-形副疑問句話題作文 學習目標1.了解形容詞和副詞的種類以及基本功能。2.形容詞和副詞的意義及用法比較。3.形容詞和副詞的比較級及最高級。4.掌握反義疑問句的考點。5.掌握特殊疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)和特殊疑問詞的選擇。6.學會對劃線的句子進行提問。7.掌握文字提示寫作的要點和寫作方法。教學內(nèi)容1.1. 代詞賓語從句復習一.形容詞和副詞【知識梳理】1.形容詞的用法形容詞的基本功能是修飾名詞，在句中可用作定語、表語、主語補足語、賓浯補足語等成分。（1）作定語 He is a very strong sportsman. Is there anything import

2、ant at the meeting? 注意：修飾不定代詞something，anything，nothing等的形容詞需后置。有些形容詞只能作定語，如：only，elder，indoor，outdoor等。 Danny, the only child in the family, is spoilt.（2）作表語 例：The man is alone at home but he doesnt feel lonely. 注意： A.大多數(shù)以“a”開頭的形容詞屬于表語形容詞，只能在句中作表語。 例：Is the baby asleep oe awake？ It is asleep.Its a

3、pleasure to look at a sleeping babys face. B.只能在句中中作表語的形容詞還有：表示身體狀況的形容詞，如：well，unwell，ill；表示心理狀態(tài)的形容詞，如：sorry，sure等。 例：The woman is ill. “她病了”不能說：She is an ill woman. C.感官動詞用作聯(lián)系動詞，如look，sound，smell，taste，feel后面需接adj.作表語。 例：She doesnt feel well today.She feels ill. （3）做賓語補足語 例：Students should keep the

4、 reading-room quiet. 注意：被動語態(tài)中，我們稱其為主語補足語。 例：The reading-room should be kept quiet by students. （4）做狀語 例：After a long journey，he returned home，tired and hungry. 注意：形容詞作狀語多用作伴隨狀語。 （5）形容詞和介詞有固定搭配 例：different from，the same as，far from，close to，be afraid of，be full of，become interested in, be good at, be

5、 pleased with, be bad for, be harmful to等。 （6）有些名詞加后綴可變成形容詞 例：lovely，friendship，crowded，careful，careless，wooden，sunny，windy，rainy。2.形容詞的位置形容詞在句中的位置 （1）形容詞的位置一般在它所修飾的名詞之前。 例：Betty is a lovely girl. This is an exciting film. （2）若“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成復合形容詞，仍舊放在它所修飾的名詞之前。要注意復合形容詞中的名詞不能用復數(shù)。 例：Its a 200-mile-long

6、 river. = Its a river 200 miles long. There is a ten-meter-deep well in the village. （3）兩個或兩個以上形容詞修飾一個名詞時，形容詞排列的次序一般應考慮以下兩種情況。 A.與被修飾名詞關(guān)系越密切的形容詞位置越靠近名詞。 例：I saw an exciting American film with my parents last week. B.音節(jié)少的形容詞位置在前，音節(jié)多的形容詞位置在后。 例：Theres a nice and beautiful garden in front of the house.

7、（4）表語形容詞作后置定語。 例：The baby asleep is Aunt Huangs daughter. There is no fish alive in the polluted river.（5）修飾something, anything, nothing, anybody等不定代詞的形容詞后置。 例：Anyone intelligent can do it. Please tell me something important in today's newspaper.（6）形容詞present, possible常作后置定語。 例：All the people pr

8、esent are famous scientists. We'll try to solve the difficult problem by all means possible.（7）形容詞與數(shù)量詞一起構(gòu)成短語作后置定語。 例：I've got a dictionary three inches thick. =I've got a three-inch-thick dictionary. Hongqiao road is a street fifty miles wide.（8）形容詞短語作定語一般需后置。 例：A man easy to please must

9、 be easy to work with. All these are matters worthy of attention.4)多個形容詞作前置定語的順序（1）形容詞的詞序 茌名詞前出現(xiàn)幾個形容詞作定語時，常常涉及詞的排列順序問題。 例：a fat old lady() an old fat lady(×) a small black leather handbag() a leather black small handbag(×)（2）多個形容詞作前置定語的順序 A.冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞等 B.描繪性形容詞（又分為：數(shù)量、大小、形狀、顏色、新舊、年齡

10、） C.分類性（表示本質(zhì)特征的）形容詞 例：a little nice Swiss gold watch the first strong big young man a very valuable golden Chinese tiger your nice little red box 注意：同屬一類形容詞并列時，短詞在前，長詞在后。 例：It is a vast and beautiful land.（3）也可以這樣記憶：指示代詞(this/these)+數(shù)詞(first/two)+表示大小的形容詞(big/small+表示性質(zhì)的形容詞(fine/nice)+表示顏色的形容詞(red/g

11、reen)+表示長幼的形容詞(old/young)+由專有名詞轉(zhuǎn)換來的形容詞(Chinese/American)或表示本質(zhì)特征的形容詞 (wooden/stone)+名訶例：these two big quiet grey old British castles這兩座灰色的、古老而寧靜的英國大城堡【口訣】形容詞排列順序口訣：The mans first two interesting little red French oil paintings. 把這句話背下來，形容詞排列順序的奧秘就在其中！（4）形容詞的辨析 A.同形的形容詞和副詞如：close作形容詞時意為“親密的”；作副詞時意為“接近

12、、靠攏”。 B.形式上像副詞的形容詞如：friendly，lovely，lively實際上是形容詞，切不可當作副詞使用。 C.形容詞的位置不同，意義有區(qū)別如：present situation當前的形勢；people present在場的人3.副詞的位置 副詞在句子中的位置一般有以下三種（1）放句末，若同時有幾個副詞作狀語，排列為：方式、地點、時間。 例：Henry worked well here yesterday.（2）放句首，修飾全句或強調(diào)副詞。 例：Still, in spite of what you say, I don't think it is true.（3）頻度副

13、詞、其他表示程度或不確定時間的副詞，放在謂語動詞之前，be動詞、情態(tài)動詞或第一個助動詞之后。如：almost, always, often，usually，never，ever，just，nearly，quite, hardly, still, already, certainly, really等。 例：He usually goes to bed late at night. She is sometimes late for a meeting.4.形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級 對兩個人或事物進行比較，表示“較”或“更一些”用比較級。如：He is taller than I. 對三個或

14、三個以上的人或事物進行比較，表示“最”時用最高級。如：That was the busiest day in my life.1）比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成：（1）形容詞的比較級、最高級的規(guī)則變化如下表：不規(guī)則變化（2）副詞的比較級和最高級 副詞的比較級形式的變化與形容詞大致相同，但以后綴-ly結(jié)尾的副詞需用more和most。副詞最高級前的the可省略。如： hard harder hardest fast faster fastest early earlier earliest quickly more quickly most quickly 不規(guī)則變化： well better best

15、badly worse worst much more most2）有些形容詞和副詞無比較級和最高級，這是由他們的詞義決定的 如：right，wrong，true，false，empty，wooden，monthly，here，now，very等。3）形容詞和副詞表示比較的基本句型（1）原級常用“as+adj./adv.（原級）+as”結(jié)構(gòu) 例：He is as careful as I. He does his homework as carefully as I.（2）否定則用“not asas”或“not soas”表示 倒：She doesn't speak English s

16、o fast as you.（3）比較級常用“adj. /adv.（比較級）+than”結(jié)構(gòu)表示 例：He is fatter than Jack. He runs more slowly than Jack. 有時可用much, even, still, far, by far,a lot,a little,a great deal,a bit等來修飾比較級，表示程度。 例：Asia is by far larger than Australia. This building is much taller than that one. This story is even more inte

17、resting than that one. 比較級前也可用“數(shù)詞十名詞”構(gòu)成名詞短語表示具體的程度。 例：He is two inches taller than his father.（4）less+ adj.adv（原級）+than表示“甲不如乙”。 例：Tom is less careful than Mary. =Tom is not so careful as Mary.（5）形容詞副詞的比較級連用表示“越來越”。 例：When spring comes, it gets warmer and warmer. In the last ten minutes, he ran more

18、 and more slowly.（6）"the more, the more”表示“越就越”。 例：I hope you will come here, the sooner the better. The harder you work, the more progress you will make.（7）the+ adj. /adv（比較級）of+n表示“兩者中較的”。 例：She is the prettier of the two sisters. This rope is the longer of the two.（8） "the+ adj. /adv（最高

19、級）+n+of (in/among)比較范圍” 例：The sun looks the biggest and brightest of all the stars because it is the nearest to us. 最高級可被序數(shù)詞修飾 例：The Yellow River is the second longest in China. 最高級可以和物主代詞連用 例：I think he has done his best. The old man smiled his pleasantest when he learned the good news.（9）比較級和最高級之間

20、相互轉(zhuǎn)變 例：He is the tallest student in his class可以變成以下同義比較級句子： He is taller than any other student in his class. He is taller than any of the other students in his class. He is taller than any of the others in his class. He is taller than all the others in his class. He is taller than anybody else in h

21、is class, Nobody else in his class is taller than him. No one else in his class is taller than him.【例題精講】例1. You look so_ , Tom. Yes, the journey was _ . Climbing the hill almost killed me.A. tired; tiredB. tiring; tiredC. tired; tiringD. tiring; tiring【答案】C例2.He was _ nervous and terribly jealous a

22、nd he covered his nervous jealousy with an ebullient熱情的 friendliness.(extreme)【答案】 extremely例3.Wendy is _ to guests than Paul.(friend)【答案】 friendlier【課堂練習】1.To my surprise, he told me pretty _ all the secrets of the board of directions.A. almostB. alwaysC. nearlyD. hardly【答案】C2.Last winter was _ for

23、 the latest 22 years in Shanghai.A. colderB. the colderC. cold D. the coldest【答案】D3.I cant imagine that Shanghai once had the_population in our country in the 1820s.A. mostB. leastC. fewestD. smallest【答案】D4._ (luck), the seven astronauts in Columbia spaceship couldnt return safely. All of them died.

24、【答案】 Unluckily5.Miss Lee won the womens 500 meters in the sports meeting. She did _ of all.A. bestB. betterC. wellD. good【答案】A【分析】考察well的最高級best考察副詞最高級6.The mean employer gave_little boys_little money for the tiring job.A. so, suchB. so ,soC. such, soD. such, such【答案】C二.反義疑問句【知識梳理】1.考點直擊1) 陳述部分的主語是I

25、，疑問部分要用 aren't I.I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?（我和你姐姐一樣高，對嗎？）2) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時，疑問部分用肯定含義。The old man made no answer, did he?Jim is never late for school, is he?3) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問部分常用don't +主語（didn&

26、#39;t +主語）。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?4) 陳述部分的謂語是used to 時，疑問部分用didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語。He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?5) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadn't you?You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?6) 陳述部分有would ra

27、ther +v.，疑問部分多用 wouldn't +主語。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?7) 陳述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldn't +主語。You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?8) 陳述部分有must 的疑問句，疑問部分根據(jù)實際情況而定。Amust表示“應該”，其疑問部分用mustn't（不應該），如：You must work hard next term, must

28、n't you ? 下學期你應該努力學習，對嗎？Bmust表示“必須”，其疑問部分用needn't（不必），如：They must finish the work today, neednt they? 他們今天必須要完成這項工作，是嗎？9) 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問部分主語用it。Everything is ready, isn't it?10) think引導的賓語從句：A.主語是第一人稱I don't think he is bright, is he?We believe sh

29、e can do it better, can't she?B. 如果主語不是第一人稱則疑問部分與主句相對應構(gòu)成反意疑問句He thought they were wrong, didn't he? （不能說weren't they?）11) 陳述部分主語是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問部分常用復數(shù)they，有時也用單數(shù)he.Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (doesnt he?)Nobody knows about it, do they? (

30、does he?)12) 省去主語的祈使句的反意疑問句，疑問部分用will you。Don't do that again, will you?Go with me, will you / won't you ?13) Let's 開頭的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shan't we) ?而Let us 開頭的祈使句，后用will you（或won't you）?Let's go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shan't we)?Let us wait for you in the rea

31、ding-room, will you （或won't you）?14) 陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問部分用there。There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?There will not be any trouble, will there?15) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問句仍用否定形式。It is impossible, isn't it?He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?16) must在表"推

32、測"時，根據(jù)其推測的情況來確定反意疑問句。He must be there now, isn't he?【例題精講】例1.The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, _ ?A. did theyB. didn't theyC. did itD. didn't it【答案】D例2.He dislikes the two subjects,_ he?A. doesB. doesn't C. isD. isn't【答案】B【課堂練習】1.Tom rarely has lu

33、nch at home.(改為反義疑問句)Tom rarely has lunch at home, _ _ ?【答案】does|he 2.Marys father rarely smokes in public places, _?A. does heB. doesnt he C. is he D. isnt he【答案】A3.Dont smoke in the meeting room.(改為反義疑問句)Dont smoke in the meeting room, _ _ ?【答案】will|you4.Lets go outside for a walk, _ ?A. shall weB

34、. will weC. do weD. don't we【答案】A三.特殊疑問句【知識梳理】1.疑問詞的選擇：（1）對指物名詞或謂語動詞提出疑問，疑問詞用what；關(guān)于what的其他疑問詞：what color：What is that?What are you doing?What color is the shirt? （2）對修飾名詞的定語提出疑問，疑問詞應用which，而且通常和名詞連用。Which book is yours?（3）對指人名詞或代詞提問用who，作賓語時提問用whom。 Who is that boy?Whom / Who did you give that

35、book to?（4）對物主代詞和名詞所有格提問用whose。Whose computer is that?（5）對具體時間提出疑問，如 in the morning,last Sunday等，疑問詞用when；When did you finished your homework?對具體幾點鐘提問，疑問詞應用what time。What time do you usually get up?（6）對具體地點提出疑問，疑問詞應用where。 Where do you come from?（7）對表原因的從句提問，常見的有because引導的從句，疑問詞應用why。Why are you lat

36、e for school?（8）對方式或程度等提出疑問，用疑問詞How。How do you like China?（9）對數(shù)量提出疑問，疑問詞為How many，要注意how many必須跟名詞的復數(shù)形式。How many birds are there in the tree?（10）對價格提出疑問，疑問詞用How much。How much is that pen?（11）對時間、長度提出疑問，疑問詞應用How long。How long is that ruler?How long have you stay in Shanghai?（12）對時間頻率，如 once a year, t

37、wice a week等提問，疑問詞用How often（難點）。 How often do you go to school? （13）對具體次數(shù)，如 once, twice, three times等提問，疑問詞用How many times。（14）對in一段時間提問，疑問詞一般用How soon。 How soon will you come back?（15）對距離提出疑問，疑問詞用How far。 How far is it from your home to your school?（16）對日期、星期、天氣等提出疑問，則分別用 What's the date?/ Wha

38、t day is it ? 如果是過去時間，就用was代替is。如：What was the weather like?（17）關(guān)于how的其他疑問詞：how old, how wide, how deep, how tall, how high等（重點）?！纠}精講】例1._will happen to us human beings if computers can do most of our jobs?A. HowB. WhichC. WhatD. Why【答案】C【分析】代替事物用what例2.- _book do you think it is ?- It must be Toms

39、.A. WhoseB. WhichC. WhereD. How【答案】A【課堂練習】1.-_ do you study for a test?- I study by working with my classmates.A. WhereB. WhyC. WhatD. How【答案】D【分析】考察疑問代詞，對通過什么方式學習的話用how提問。2.- _ does this new camera belong to?- Perhaps its Davids.A. WhatB. WhoC. HowD. Whose【答案】B【分析】belong to sb3.-_ building did the

40、firemen save the old woman from last night?-The blue one.A. HowB. WhichC. WhereD. Whose【答案】B【分析】which building 哪一棟樓4._can we help victims after a natural disaster?A. WhoB. HowC. WhereD. When【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)句意“自然災害后我們?nèi)绾螏椭茈y者”。四.文字提示寫作【知識梳理】1.文字提示寫作此類題型要求考生根據(jù)中、英文提示，明確書面所提供的信息寫出6080個單詞的小短文。考生必須根據(jù)提示來安排文章的布局。

41、在此基礎上，也可以發(fā)揮想象。但是，這種想象只能在情景規(guī)定的范圍內(nèi)作適當?shù)陌l(fā)揮。例1： 請用英語介紹你校圖書館。要點如下：1)位于學校東部；2)有成千上萬冊書，兩個閱覽室；3)我們常去借書；4)星期天，閱覽室里總是坐滿了學生；5)圖書館對我們的幫助很大，是我們的好朋友。注意：1)內(nèi)容要包括上述所有信息，60個詞左右； 2)對圍繞主題的適當發(fā)揮不扣分t但如有錯誤'要按評分標準扣分。_范文 Our school library lies in the east of the campus. It has a large collection of books and two big read

42、ing rooms. It is open to all members of the school. We often go to the library and borrow interesting books. We also use the reading rooms to read magazines or do some written assignments. On Sundays, the two rooms are full of students. The library is also provided with computers. We can go online i

43、f necessary. Our school library is excellent! It is our best friend and we all like it.這篇文章是寫物的，屬于記敘文體裁文章圍繞主題“our school library”展開在講述了圖書館的藏書和閱覽室之后，'進一步提供細節(jié)，分別描述了它們的使甩情況然后，在緊扣主題的前提下作適當發(fā)揮：“The library is also provided with computers. We can go online if necessary.”最后兩句進行總結(jié)。例2：假如你是李明，用英語寫一封信給你在外地的

44、筆發(fā)John,告訴他你準備到北京擊旅游， 問他是否愿意一同前往。信的開頭及結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計人總詞數(shù)信的內(nèi)容還應包括以下要點：1)你打算去北京的時問及其方式；2)你打算在北京停留的時間及住宿的地點；3)你打算游覽的名勝古跡。參考詞匯：頤和園 (the Summer Palace) 紫禁城 (the Forbidden City)注：1)總詞散80個左右 2)所給的要點提示都必須用上，并做適當?shù)陌l(fā)揮；信中不得使用真實的人名、校名，Dear John,This term will be over. Ill._Please write back soon! Yours, Li Ming范文Dear

45、 John,This term will be over. Ill begin my long summer holiday on July 5. This summer, I will go on holiday to Beijing and stay there for ten days. Im planning to go there by train. During my stay, I will visit some beautiful and historic places, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the For

46、bidden City. I think my visit will be pleasant and enjoyable. By the way, I will live with my uncle in Beijing. Would you like to travel with me?Please write back soon! Yours, Li Ming這是一個書信體的書面表達題，書信格式已經(jīng)提供考生首先要列出要點：時間(thissummer)地點(Beijing)停留的時間(ten days)，旅行方式(by train)計劃(visit some beautiful and hi

47、storic places)，期待(pleasant and enjoyable）及住宿的地點(live with my uncle)。然后，根據(jù)這些要點再組句成文。其間，可以使用andsuch as等過渡銜接詞，使得文章變得流暢?！纠}精講】例1.(上海閔行區(qū)二模)Write a short passage for at least 60 words according to the given situation (根據(jù)所給情景寫一篇不少于60字的短文,標點符號不格).Suppose you will give a speech at the school graduation cerem

48、ony. Please write something on what you want to say to both your teachers and schoolmates. （假設在畢業(yè)前夕,你的學校要為初三學生舉辦一個畢業(yè)典禮,你將作為學生代表進行簡短的發(fā)言,請一篇不少于60字的發(fā)言稿。)【答案】A One-day OutingLast weekend,I went for an outing at the North Hill Park along with my classmates Tom,Mike and Lily.We met at the school gate at 8

49、:00am and started out at 8:30am.We went by bike.It took us about fifteen minutes to get there.The hill was very beautiful with many flowers,trees and weed.The sun was bright and the air was fresh.We rode our bikes and climbed the hills first,then we had a picnic.We ate much food,such as meat,chicken

50、 and vegetables.We played games after the picnic.We all tired but happy.What a pleasant outing!【分析】A One-day OutingLast weekend,I went for an outing at the North Hill Park along with my classmates Tom,Mike and Lily.We met at the school gate at 8:00am and started out at 8:30am.We went by bike.It took us about fifteen minutes to get there.The hill was very beautiful with many flowers,trees and weed.The sun was bright and the air was fresh.We rode our bikes and climbed the hills first,then we had a picnic.We ate much food,such as