1、Unit 3 Alienation and the Internet Key to the Exercises Text comprehensionI. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing.BII. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. T (Refer to Paragraph 1.) 2. F (Refer to Paragraph 2. Wh

2、en the author says "this might sound like an apparent contradiction," he implies that this is in fact not a contradiction at all. Throughout the whole essay, the author explains the seemingly contradictory idea: on the one hand the Internet is responsible for global unification, and on the

3、 other it alienates the participants.) 3. F (Refer to Paragraph 3, where the author, by saying "I have not known this fellow to be given to exaggeration" actually means that to the best of his knowledge, this friend of his has never exaggerated anything.)4. T (Refer to Paragraph 4. At the

4、end of this paragraph, the author argues that when people spend much time developing on-line relationships with faraway folks, they will have no time to participate in communal activities, which undermines the sense of community.)5.T (Refer to Paragraph 6. In this paragraph, the author argues that w

5、hen surfing the Web a person might be cognitively overloaded and that the cognitive overload might result in a distorted sense of reality.)III. Answer the following questions.1. Refer to Paragraph 1. As the author sees it, the Internet is most likely to make our global village a better place to live

6、 in. It provides a miraculous forum for the globalization of ideas, which contributes to the realization of human potential. Furthermore, it is a powerful tool for the acquisition and application of knowledge. The benefits of the Internet, however, may be darkened by its negative consequences. It ma

7、y deprive the user of his time for necessary interaction with other society members so that the whole world may be further fragmented. In addition, there is a reasonable likelihood that the Internet presents too much information, which gives the user a skewed sense of reality by making him cognitive

8、ly overloaded. 2. Refer to Paragraph 3. His friend was addicted to the Internet. He would spend even over twenty-four hours non-stop on the Internet so that he had to force himself to go off line. As he spent so much time in cyberspace, his sense of reality might have been crooked. Moreover, without

9、 any face-to-face verbal communication with other people, he felt lonely and depressed. 3. Refer to Paragraph 4. The alienation of society members had begun long before the Internet started to be used worldwide. After World War II, when the soldiers returned from the battlefields, they devoted thems

10、elves to "progress." Large quantities of cars were manufactured, which fed the creation of suburbs, and consequently people lived far apart from each. The Internet, however, has added to the problem and Internet addicts are far from rare. As illustrated by the example of the author's n

11、ephew, it seems to be an irreversible trend that more and more people, old and young, are becoming addicted to the Internet. They will spend many hours non-stop in cyberspace rather than with their families or friends. For lack of communication, they are becoming strangers to other people. Therefore

12、, there is a good reason to believe that society is being further alienated by the Internet.4. The "cruel irony" means that the Internet provides the user with a convenient means of communicating and making friends with people far apart on the one hand, but on the other, it estranges the u

13、ser from the people around him by canceling his availability for face-to-face communication even with his families and close friends and for involvement in community activities. 5. Refer to Paragraphs 6 and 7. The potential of the Internet as a powerful tool for globalizing ideas and for acquiring a

14、nd applying knowledge can only be realized when the user strikes a balance between reality and the Internet. Although the Internet makes it possible for the user to debate, shop, travel and have romance in cyberspace without leaving home, the overuse of this tool probably results in a distorted sens

15、e of reality. The only way to avoid being penalized by the Internet is make moderate use of this tool without losing one's sense of place in the world.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.1.As the Internet can be reached and used with relatively few restrictions, it plays a role

16、 in connecting people globally, which is comparable to travelling through international waterways.2.A lot of people talk about the "new information age," but not so many people are acquainted with the idea that the Internet separates people from each other and fragments society further as

17、a result. 3.I think that in our society top priority is given to the satisfaction of one's immediate needs. The Internet is the best means to achieve this purpose, for on the Internet one can do whatever he likes to.Structural analysis of the textThe three parts of the text: Part 1 (Paragraphs 1

18、); Part 2 (Paragraphs 3); and Part 3 (Paragraph 7).Thesis statement: . the Internet may be responsible for furthering the fragmentation of society by alienating its individual users. Concluding statement: All of this being said, I believe that the key to realizing the potential of the Internet is in

19、 achieving balance in our lives.Rhetorical features of the text More antonyms: real杗ot real, reality杤irtual existence, outside playing with his friends杙lay his games against his friends in cyberspace. The use of all these pairs of antonymous words and expressions helps to reinforce the seeming self-

20、contradiction that the Internet can lead to globalization on the one hand and cause the alienation of the users from the people around them on the other.Vocabulary exercisesI. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1. ability to develop, achieve or succeed2. causing to feel v

21、ery distant from or not welcome to other people3. liked it very much and wanted to spend as much time doing it as possible4. more information than one can cope with5. a set of images and sounds produced by a computer which seem so real that for most purposes they can be regarded as realII.Fill in th

22、e blank(s) in each sentence with a phrase from the box in its appropriate form.1. for the better2. at the expense of 3. was confronted with4. took advantage of5. in earnest6. are available for7. prior to8. would give . pause to thinkIII.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given word

23、s.1. alienating 2. globalization3.fragmenting 4. addict5. exaggerates 6. Depression7. simulated 8. gratifiedIV.Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.1. A 2. B3. B 4. C5. B 6. A7. D 8. DV. Give a synonym or an antonym of

24、the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used. 1. Antonym: intended (purposeful, intentional, planned)2. Antonym: extraordinary (unusual)3. Synonym: alienate (isolate, estrange)4. Synonym: cultivate (nurture)5. Antonym: considerable (excessive, indulgent)6. Synonym: improvement (enhan

25、cement)7. Synonym: misrepresent (falsify)8. Antonym: unimportant (trivial, minor)VI. Explain the meaning of the underlined part in each sentence.1.expanses2. thinking it is necessary3. commonplace4.at home5. tell you6. large numberGrammar exercisesI. Combine the sentences in each group into one, usi

26、ng at least one absolute construction.1.All of this being said, I believe that the key to realizing the potential of the Internet is in achieving balance in our lives.2.There having been no rain, the ground was dry.3.When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table, the newspaper spread be

27、fore him.4.The boys leaned against the willow tree, their fishing poles resting on sticks, their eyes gazing at the bobbers floating on the ripples.5.Mark went homeward alone, his heart full of a strange emotion.6.The discussion completed, the chairman adjourned the meeting for half an hour.7.Diana

28、stood motionless at the end of the diving board, her hands at her sides, her heels slightly raised, every muscle anticipating action. 8.The cowboy dominates the pages of many magazines, his hair dark and curly, his broad shoulders sloping yet powerful and his expression calm and confident.II. Put th

29、e verbs in brackets into a gerund or an infinitive.1.pacify, be pacified, grumbling2.seeing3.being treated4.doing5.getting, closing6.answering, ring7.reporting8.resolving9.making10.goingIII. Rewrite the following sentences, beginning with the words given.1. Hardly had he arrived when she started com

30、plaining.2. Rarely does Manton care about anything else once he gets logged onto the Net.3. Under no circumstances must you touch this switch.4. Never in all their lives have they known such hardships.5. So much does he worry about his financial position that he can't sleep at night.6. Not only

31、did he speak more correctly but also more convincingly.7. Only after several trials did they succeed. 8. Under no circumstances are the passengers permitted to open the doors themselves.IV. Rewrite each of the following sentences, shifting the adverbial phrase of direction or place to the front of t

32、he clause. Use inversion where possible. 1.The teacher blew a whistle and off ran the children. 2.The man lit the fuse and after a few seconds up went the rocket. 3.On the stairs was sitting a small dark-haired girl. 4.Round the corner came a milk-van. 5.There goes the vicar. 6.The people dived for

33、cover as over their heads flew the bullets. 7.In the doorway stood her father. 8.In front of them was a white pillar and on top of it stood a small, marble statue. V. Correct any mistakes you find in this newspaper item. The people of Sawston were evacuated yesterday as forest fires headed towards t

34、he town. Such was the heat of the oncoming inferno that trees more than 100 metres ahead began to smoulder. Only once in recent years, during 1994, has a town of this size had to be evacuated because of forest fires. A fleet of coaches and lorries arrived in the town in the early morning. Into these

35、 vehicles climbed the sick and elderly, before they headed off to safety across the river. Residents with cars were ordered to leave by midmorning. Later in the day, as the wind changed direction and it became clear that the fire would leave Sawston untouched, complaints were heard from some residen

36、ts. "At no time did the fires pose a real threat," said one local man. "I didn't want to leave my home, and nor did most of my neighbours." But Chief Fire Officer Jones replied, "Had we not taken this action, lives would have been put at risk. Only when the fires have mo

37、ved well away from the town will residents be allowed to return to their homes."VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences.(Reference version)1. I am ready to accept your proposal in that I believe it to be the best you ca

38、n offer.2. All things being considered, I think I ought to award the scholarship to John.Translation exercisesI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. 由于登錄和使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的限制相對(duì)較少，它的作用就等同于通訊傳播中的國(guó)際海域。2. 乍聽起來(lái)這似乎相互矛盾：一種東西怎么會(huì)既能讓人們自由地交流思想、從而使全球融為一體，同時(shí)又讓人們彼此疏遠(yuǎn)呢3. 據(jù)我所知，此人不喜歡夸大其詞，因此當(dāng)他描述自己的網(wǎng)癮、說(shuō)常常連續(xù)泡網(wǎng)一天一夜時(shí)，這

39、引起了我的思考。4. 但代價(jià)是消耗了原本可以用來(lái)參加一些培養(yǎng)他們村莊及城鎮(zhèn)社區(qū)意識(shí)的活動(dòng)的時(shí)間。II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in brackets.1.There's no denying that smoking is addictive. And once you are addicted, it's very difficult to get rid of the habit. 2.In a Japanese-made video

40、game, players can simulate the experience of AIDS from HIV infection until death. 3.I'm sure he was in earnest when he said that you could use this money to continue your study of music.4.We can only increase production at the expense of quality, which could ruin the company's reputation. 5.

41、She is not often given to anger, but this time she really lost her temper.6.A teacher of foreign language should possess at the very least a graduate degree from a certified education school or institute if he is to teach high school. 7.I soon perceived that I couldn't make him change his mind.III. Translate the following pa